One document matched: draft-legg-ldap-gser-ei-00.txt
INTERNET-DRAFT S. Legg
draft-legg-ldap-gser-ei-00.txt eB2Bcom
Intended Category: Standards Track July 6, 2005
Encoding Instructions for the
Generic String Encoding Rules (GSER)
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
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Abstract
Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) defines a general framework for
annotating types in an ASN.1 specification with encoding instructions
that alter how values of those types are encoded according to ASN.1
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encoding rules. This document defines the supporting notation for
encoding instructions that apply to the Generic String Encoding Rules
(GSER), and in particular defines an encoding instruction to provide
a machine-processable representation for the declaration of a GSER
ChoiceOfStrings type.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Notation for GSER Encoding Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. The CHOICE-OF-STRINGS Encoding Instruction . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1. Effect on GSER Encodings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.2. Replacement of Existing ChoiceOfStrings Declarations . . 7
5. Security Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6. IANA Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8. Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1. Introduction
Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) [X.680] defines a general
framework for annotating types in an ASN.1 specification with
encoding instructions [X.680-1] that alter how values of those types
are encoded according to ASN.1 encoding rules. This document defines
the supporting notation for encoding instructions that apply to the
Generic String Encoding Rules (GSER) [GSER], and in particular
defines an encoding instruction, the CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding
instruction, to provide a machine-processable representation for the
declaration of a GSER ChoiceOfStrings type.
The CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding instruction SHOULD be used instead of
simply declaring a ChoiceOfStrings type.
2. Conventions
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY" and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, RFC 2119
[BCP14].
Throughout this document "type" shall be taken to mean an ASN.1 type,
and "value" shall be taken to mean an ASN.1 abstract value, unless
qualified otherwise.
A reference to an ASN.1 production [X.680] (e.g., Type, NamedType) is
a reference to text in an ASN.1 specification corresponding to that
production.
3. Notation for GSER Encoding Instructions
The grammar of ASN.1 permits the application of encoding instructions
[X.680-1], through type prefixes and encoding control sections, that
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modify how abstract values are encoded by nominated encoding rules.
The generic notation for type prefixes and encoding control sections
is defined by the ASN.1 basic notation [X.680] [X.680-1], and
includes an encoding reference to identify the specific encoding
rules that are affected by the encoding instruction.
The encoding reference that identifies the Generic String Encoding
rules is literally GSER.
The specific notation for an encoding instruction for a specific set
of encoding rules is left to the specification of those encoding
rules. Consequently, this companion document to the GSER
specification [GSER] defines the notation for GSER encoding
instructions. Specifically, it elaborates the EncodingInstruction
and EncodingInstructionAssignmentList placeholder productions of the
ASN.1 basic notation.
In the context of the GSER encoding reference the EncodingInstruction
production is defined as follows, using the conventions of the ASN.1
basic notation:
EncodingInstruction ::=
ChoiceOfStringsInstruction
In the context of the GSER encoding reference the
EncodingInstructionAssignmentList production (which only appears in
an encoding control section) is empty:
EncodingInstructionAssignmentList ::= empty
4. The CHOICE-OF-STRINGS Encoding Instruction
The CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding instruction allows a GSER encoder to
encode the alternative of a CHOICE (of restricted string types)
without the leading identifier. The optional PrecedenceList also
allows a specification writer to alter the order in which a GSER
decoder will consider the alternatives of the CHOICE as it determines
which alternative has been encoded when the identifier is absent.
The notation for a CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding instruction is defined
as follows:
UnionInstruction ::= "CHOICE-OF-STRINGS" AlternativesPrecedence ?
AlternativesPrecedence ::= "PRECEDENCE" PrecedenceList
PrecedenceList ::= identifier PrecedenceList ?
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The Type in the EncodingPrefixedType for a CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding
instruction SHALL be:
(a) a BuiltinType that is a ChoiceType, or
(b) a ConstrainedType, other than a TypeWithConstraint, where the
Type in the ConstrainedType is one of (a) to (d), or
(c) a BuiltinType that is a PrefixedType that is a TaggedType where
the Type in the TaggedType is one of (a) to (d), or
(d) a BuiltinType that is a PrefixedType that is an
EncodingPrefixedType where the Type in the EncodingPrefixedType
is one of (a) to (d).
The effect of this condition is to force the CHOICE-OF-STRINGS
encoding instruction to be textually co-located with the CHOICE type
definition to which it applies. This makes it clear to a reader that
the encoding instruction applies to every use of the CHOICE type no
matter how it might be referenced.
The ChoiceType in case (a) is said to be "subject to" the
CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding instruction.
The Type of each NamedType of the ChoiceType in case (a) MUST be:
(1) the NumericString, PrintableString, TeletexString (T61String),
VideotexString, IA5String, GraphicString, VisibleString
(ISO646String), GeneralString, BMPString, UniversalString or
UTF8String type, or
(2) a type notation that references a type that is one of (1) to (4),
or
(3) a constrained type where the type that is constrained is one of
(1) to (4), or
(4) a prefixed type where the type that is prefixed is one of (1) to
(4).
ASIDE: A tagged type is a special case of a prefixed type. An
effect of case (4) is that tagging is ignored.
The ASN.1 restricted string type in case (1) MUST be different for
each NamedType in the ChoiceType, i.e., no two alternatives have the
same restricted string type.
If case (3) applies to any NamedType then the constraint in case (3)
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MUST be the same for each NamedType, i.e., either none of the
alternatives has a constraint, or all of the alternatives have
exactly the same constraint.
Each identifier in the PrecedenceList MUST be the identifier of a
NamedType of the ChoiceType.
A particular identifier SHALL NOT appear more than once in the same
PrecedenceList.
4.1. Effect on GSER Encodings
A value of a CHOICE type is encoded according to the <ChoiceValue>
[GSER] Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF) [ABNF] rule. The ABNF for
<ChoiceValue> is reproduced here for convenience:
ChoiceValue = IdentifiedChoiceValue /
ChoiceOfStringsValue
IdentifiedChoiceValue = identifier ":" Value
ChoiceOfStringsValue = StringValue
The <IdentifiedChoiceValue> rule MUST be used to encode values of a
CHOICE type where the ChoiceType is not subject to a
CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding instruction.
The chosen alternative of a value of a CHOICE type corresponds to
some NamedType in the definition of the type. The <identifier> in
the <IdentifiedChoiceValue> is the identifier of this NamedType.
Either the <IdentifiedChoiceValue> rule or the <ChoiceOfStringsValue>
rule is used to encode values of a CHOICE type where the ChoiceType
is subject to a CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding instruction.
If <ChoiceOfStringsValue> has been used then a GSER decoder MUST
determine the chosen alternative by considering the alternatives of
the CHOICE in the order prescribed below and accepting the first
alternative that allows all of the characters in the <StringValue>.
If the CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding instruction has a PrecedenceList
then the alternatives of the ChoiceType referenced by the
PrecedenceList are considered in the order identified by that
PrecedenceList, then the remaining alternatives are considered in the
order of their definition in the ChoiceType. If the
CHOICE-OF-STRINGS encoding instruction does not have a PrecedenceList
then all the alternatives of the ChoiceType are considered in the
order of their definition in the ChoiceType.
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A GSER encoder MUST use <IdentifiedChoiceValue> if a GSER decoder
would determine the chosen alternative to be something other than the
chosen alternative of the CHOICE value being encoded, otherwise
<ChoiceOfStringsValue> MAY be used.
Example
Consider this type definition:
[GSER:CHOICE-OF-STRINGS PRECEDENCE extendedName] CHOICE {
basicName PrintableString,
extendedName UTF8String
}
If a <ChoiceOfStringsValue> has been used then a GSER decoder
would first consider whether the <StringValue> was a valid
extendedName (a UTF8String) before considering whether it was a
valid basicName (a PrintableString).
4.2. Replacement of Existing ChoiceOfStrings Declarations
In line with the previous declaration [GSER] of the DirectoryString
type as a ChoiceOfStrings type, applications using GSER MUST add this
encoding instruction:
[GSER:CHOICE-OF-STRINGS PRECEDENCE printableString uTF8String]
immediately before the "CHOICE" keyword in the definition of the
DirectoryString type in the third and every subsequent edition of the
SelectedAttributeTypes ASN.1 module of X.520 [X.520-3][X.520-4].
For example, this is how the DirectoryString definition would appear
in the third and four editions:
DirectoryString{INTEGER:maxSize} ::=
[GSER:CHOICE-OF-STRINGS PRECEDENCE printableString uTF8String]
CHOICE {
teletexString TeletexString(SIZE (1..maxSize)),
printableString PrintableString(SIZE (1..maxSize)),
universalString UniversalString(SIZE (1..maxSize)),
bmpString BMPString(SIZE (1..maxSize)),
uTF8String UTF8String(SIZE (1..maxSize))
}
5. Security Considerations
This specification changes the manner in which ChoiceOfStrings types
are declared but does not alter the existing behaviour of GSER
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implementations. The security considerations for GSER are unchanged
(see [GSER]).
6. IANA Considerations
This document has no actions for IANA.
7. Normative References
[BCP14] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[GSER] Legg, S., "Generic String Encoding Rules (GSER) for ASN.1
Types", RFC 3641, October 2003.
[ABNF] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
Specifications: ABNF", draft-crocker-abnf-rfc2234bis-
xx.txt, a work in progress, March 2005.
[X.520-3] ITU-T Recommendation X.520 (08/97) | ISO/IEC 9594-6:1998,
Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection -
The Directory: Selected attribute types
[X.520-4] ITU-T Recommendation X.520 (02/01) | ISO/IEC 9594-6:2001,
Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection -
The Directory: Selected attribute types
[X.680] ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (07/02) | ISO/IEC 8824-1,
Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One
(ASN.1): Specification of basic notation
[X.680-1] Amendment 1: to ITU-T Rec. X.680 | ISO/IEC 8824-1
8. Author's Address
Dr. Steven Legg
eB2Bcom
Suite 3, Woodhouse Corporate Centre
935 Station Street
Box Hill North, Victoria 3129
AUSTRALIA
Phone: +61 3 9896 7830
Fax: +61 3 9896 7801
EMail: steven.legg@eb2bcom.com
Full Copyright Statement
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Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
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