One document matched: draft-ietf-mip6-hiopt-04.txt
Differences from draft-ietf-mip6-hiopt-03.txt
MIP6 Working Group Hee Jin Jang
Internet-Draft Alper Yegin
Expires: December 3, 2007 SAMSUNG
Kuntal Chowdhury
Starent Networks
JinHyeock Choi
SAMSUNG
Jun 2007
DHCP Option for Home Information Discovery in MIPv6
draft-ietf-mip6-hiopt-04.txt
Status of this Memo
By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
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This Internet-Draft will expire on December 3, 2007.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007).
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Abstract
This draft defines a DHCP-based scheme to enable dynamic discovery of
Mobile IPv6 home agent address, home agent FQDN and home subnet. New
DHCP options are defined to carry the information from a DHCP server
to the DHCP client running on the mobile node.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. DHCP options for HA Dynamic Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1. Home Network Identifier Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2. MIP6 Relay Agent Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2.1. MIP6 Relay Agent Sub-option . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.3. Home Network Information Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3.1. Home Network Information Sub-option . . . . . . . . . 10
4. Option Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.1. Mobile Node Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.2. NAS/DHCP Relay Agent Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3. DHCP Server Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6. IANA Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 20
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1. Introduction
Before a mobile node can engage in Mobile IPv6 signaling with a home
agent, it should either know the IP address of the home agent via
pre-configuration, or dynamically discover it. Mobile IPv6
specification [6] describes how home agents can be dynamically
discovered by mobile nodes that know the home subnet prefix. This
scheme does not work when prefix information is not already available
to the mobile node. This problem can be solved by delivering one or
more home subnet prefix information to the mobile node by means of
DHCP. Subsequently, the mobile node can engage in dynamic home agent
discovery using the prefix information. In addition to delivering
the prefix information, DHCP can also be used to provide the IP
addresses or FQDNs of the home agents that are available to the
mobile node and the home address that the mobile node can use to
register with the home agent. The solution involves defining new
DHCP options to carry home subnet prefix, home agent IP address and
home agent's FQDN information.
As part of configuring the initial TCP/IP parameters, a mobile node
can obtain home network information for the subnet it is directly
attached to, other subnets in the visited domain, or a subnet from
its home domain. A mobile node can convey the target home subnet's
identity in order to receive corresponding information. For example
the mobile node can provide realm portion of its user NAI (Network
Access Identifier) and expect that a home network information from
its home domain is returned. The availability of the requested
information depends on the DHCP server having prior knowledge or
dynamically discovering it. While the specific details are outside
the scope of this document, use of static tables and AAA-assisted
discovery are possible options [11].
The mobile node may or may not be connected to the "home" subnet when
it attempts to learn Mobile IPv6 home network information. This
allows operators to centrally deploy home agents while being able to
bootstrap mobile nodes that are already roaming. This scenario also
occurs when HMIPv6 [10] is used, where the mobile node is required to
discover the MAP (a special home agent) that is located multiple hops
away from the mobile node's attachment point.
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2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC2119 [2].
General mobility terminology can be found in RFC3753 [5]. The
following additional terms, as defined in RFC4640 [9], are used in
this document:
Access Service Provider (ASP): A network operator that provides
direct IP packet forwarding to and from the mobile node.
Mobility Service Provider (MSP): A service provider that provides
Mobile IPv6 service. In order to obtain such service, the mobile
node must be authenticated and authorized to obtain the Mobile IPv6
service.
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3. DHCP options for HA Dynamic Discovery
This section introduces new DHCP options used for dynamic home
information discovery in Mobile IPv6. The drafts [11] and [12]
describe the whole interworking procedure for Home Agent assignment
among MN, NAS, DHCP, and AAA entities for bootstrapping procedure in
the integrated scenario.
3.1. Home Network Identifier Option
This option is used to carry the identifier of the target home
network. The mobile node MUST include this option along with its
Option Request option in its request.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| OPTION_MIP6-HNID | option-len |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| id-type | reserved | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +
. .
. Home Network Identifier .
. .
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
option-code
OPTION_MIP6-HNID (TBD)
option-len
Total length of the option in octets
id-type
The type of Home Network Identifier:
0 Visited domain (local ASP)
1 Target MSP
2 No preference
reserved
An 8-bit field reserved for future use. The value MUST
be initialized to 0 by the sender and MUST be ignored by
the receiver.
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Home Network Identifier
The identifier to specify the requested home network of the
mobile node. This field MUST be set in the form of
user's NAI [3] when the id-type is 1.
The id-type 0 indicates the mobile node is interested in learning the
home network information that pertains to the currently visited
network. This type can be used to discover local home agents in the
local ASP. In this case, the Home Network Identifier field SHOULD be
set to 0.
The id-type 1 indicates the mobile node is interested in learning the
home network information that pertains to the given realm. This type
can be used to discover home agents that are hosted by a user's home
domain or target MSP (as indicated by his/her NAI-based username --
user@HomeRealm). The Home Network Identifier field can be a home MSP
or a MSP which has trust roaming relationship with the mobile node's
home MSP.
If the mobile node has no preference, the id-type is set to 2 and the
Home Network Identifier SHOULD be initialized to 0. In this case,
the assignment of the home network information is within the server's
own discretion. For the detailed processing, refer to section 4.
3.2. MIP6 Relay Agent Option
This option carries the RADIUS or Diameter attributes that are
received at the NAS from the AAAH. The DHCP relay agent sends this
option to the DHCP server in the Relay-Forward message.
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| OPTION_MIP6-RELAY | option-len |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
. sub-options .
. .
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
option-code
OPTION_MIP6-RELAY (TBD).
option-len
Total length of the option in octets
sub-options
A series of sub-options carrying MIP6 bootstrap
information.
3.2.1. MIP6 Relay Agent Sub-option
This sub-option carries the assigned home network information to the
DHCP server.
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| sub-opt-code | sub-opt-len | reserved | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +
. .
. Home Network Information .
. .
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
sub-opt-code
The sub-option identifies the type of the following
Home Network Information field. Possible values are:
0 Home subnet prefix
1 Complete IPv6 address of the home agent
2 FQDN of the home agent
sub-opt-len
An 8-bit unsigned integer. Total length of the following
Home Network Information field.
reserved
An 8-bit field reserved for future use. The value MUST
be initialized to 0 by the sender and MUST be ignored by
the receiver.
Home Network Information
A home subnet prefix, home agent IP address or home agent
FQDN to be provided to a mobile node according to the
sub-opt-code.
When the sub-opt-code is set to 0, the data field MUST contain the
8-bit prefix length information followed by the 128-bit IPv6 address
beginning with the available network prefix.
When the sub-opt-code is set to 1, the data field MUST contain the
128-bit IPv6 address of the home agent.
When the sub-opt-code is set to 2, the data field MUST contain the
FQDN as described in RFC1035 [1].
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Multiple sub-options may exist in a MIP6 Relay Agent option to carry
more than one home information.
3.3. Home Network Information Option
This option is used to carry home network information to a mobile
node in the form of one or more of home subnet prefix(es), home agent
address(es) and home agent FQDN(s).
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| OPTION_MIP6-HNINF | option-len |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| id-type | reserved | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +
. sub-options .
. .
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
option-code
OPTION_MIP6-HNINF (TBD).
option-len
Total length of the option in octets
id-type
The type of Home Network Identifier:
0 Visited domain (local ASP)
1 Home domain
2 No preference
reserved
An 8-bit field reserved for future use. The value MUST
be initialized to 0 by the sender and MUST be ignored by
the receiver.
sub-options
A series of sub-options carrying MIP6 bootstrap
information.
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3.3.1. Home Network Information Sub-option
This sub-option carries the assigned home network information to the
DHCP client.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| sub-opt-code | sub-opt-len |V| reserved | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +
. .
. Home Network Information .
. .
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
sub-opt-code
The type of the following Home Network Information field.
Possible values are:
0 Home subnet prefix
1 Complete IPv6 address of the home agent
2 FQDN of the home agent
sub-opt-len
An 8-bit unsigned integer. Total length of the following
Home Network Information field.
V flag
This flag specifies the location of home network where
the home agent is assigned. If it is set to 1, it means
that the following Home Network Information is allocated
from the visited network.
reserved
A 7-bit field reserved for future use. The value MUST
be initialized to 0 by the sender and MUST be ignored by
the receiver.
Home Network Information
A home subnet prefix, home agent IP address or home agent
FQDN to be provided to a mobile node according to the
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sub-opt-code.
The sub-opt-code, sub-opt-len and Home Network Information fields are
set in the same manner as those of a MIP6 Relay Agent sub-option.
Multiple sub-options may exist in a Home Network Information option
to carry more than one home information.
The detailed processing for each id-type is described in section 4.
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4. Option Usage
The requesting and sending of the proposed DHCP options follow the
rules for DHCP options in [4]. The following DHCP options [4] are
also required in the solution for normal DHCP operation:
- Option Request option
- Client Identifier option
- Relay Message option
- Interface-Id option
4.1. Mobile Node Behavior
In order to acquire the home network information, the mobile node
SHALL send an Information Request to the
All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers multicast address. In this message
the mobile node (DHCP client) SHALL include the Option Code for Home
Network Identifier option in the OPTION_ORO. The mobile node SHALL
also include the OPTION_CLIENTID [4] to identify itself to the DHCP
server.
During requesting the information, the mobile node MUST clarify the
preference about the requested home network with the id-type in the
Home Network Identifier option. Even if the mobile node does not
care about the location of the home network where the home agent to
be assigned, it MUST clarify the fact by setting the id-type to 2.
In this case the Home Network Identifier SHOULD be set to 0.
The mobile node can request more than one home information by using
multiple Home Network Identifier options in the request. For
instance, if the mobile node wants to retrieve home network
information from both the visited network (ASP) and the home network
with a single transaction, it can request the information by using
two Home Network Identifier options with the id-type 0 and the id-
type 1. It can also request the home information for more than one
target MSPs at the same time by including multiple Home Network
Identifier options with id-type 1.
When the mobile node receives the Reply message from the DHCP server
and gets more than one home agent address(es), it MUST have a
selection mechanism to determine which one to use for establishing a
Mobile IPv6 session. For example, if the mobile node acquires both
IPv6 address and FQDN of the home agent, it may try to use the
address information of the home agent first.
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If a Home Network Information option carries sub-option whose 'V'
flag does not match the id-type, the mobile node SHOULD skip that
sub-option.
When the mobile node requests the home network information with the
id-type 0 or 1 but cannot be provided with the proper information,
that is, option-len = 0 in the Home Network Information option, then
it may request again by setting the id-type to 2 in the Home Network
Identifier option.
4.2. NAS/DHCP Relay Agent Behavior
The NAS and the DHCP relay agent are assumed to be collocated in this
solution. The NAS communicates with the mobile node during the
network access authentication and interacts with the AAAH (via the
AAAV) using either Diameter NASREQ RFC4005 [7] or RADIUS [11]
[Editor's note: The Diameter AVPs need to be defined].
Upon receiving the MIP6 related RADIUS or Diameter attributes
returned by the AAAH, the NAS passes the information to the
collocated DHCP relay agent.
Upon receiving the Information Request from the mobile node, the DHCP
relay agent MUST forward the message to the DHCP server as per [4].
The relay agent SHALL use the OPTION_CLIENTID to identify the mobile
node (user). This is required to check whether there are some
additional information for the user that need to be appended while
relaying the information request message to the DHCP server. If the
relay agent determines that the NAS has passed home network
information for this mobile node, the relay agent MUST include the
received home network information in the MIP6 Relay Agent option, and
attach this option in the Relay-Forward message. The relay agent MAY
include the Interface-Id option [4] in the Relay-Forward message.
The sub-options that carry home information for the same home agent
should be listed in sequential order of a sub-opt-code in the MIP6
Relay Agent option so as to indicate the coupling among home network
information for the same home agent. For example, the sub-options
for HA1 and HA2 are listed as follows.
sub-opt-code = 1 (HA1's IPv6 address)
sub-opt-code = 2 (HA1's FQDN)
sub-opt-code = 0 (Home subnet prefix under HA2)
sub-opt-code = 1 (HA2's IPv6 address)
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sub-opt-code = 2 (HA2's FQDN)
Upon receiving the Reply message from the DHCPv6 server, the relay
agent SHALL follow the guidelines defined in [4] to forward the
message to the mobile node.
4.3. DHCP Server Behavior
The DHCP server MUST follow the following logic to process an
Information Request from the mobile node.
Information Request message includes:
A. OPTION_ORO and Home Network Identifier option with the id-type 0,
Interface-Id option, Client Identifier option, MIP6 Relay Agent
option.
If the DHCP server is configured with the local home information, it
MUST include the corresponding information in the Home Network
Information option of the Reply message, and set all of the V flag(s)
in its sub-option(s) to 1(s). The information may have been
configured statically in the server.
B. OPTION_ORO and Home Network Identifier option with the id-type 1,
Interface-Id option, Client Identifier option, MIP6 Relay Agent
option.
If the received Home Network Identifier option does not carry any
target MSP, the option MUST be skipped.
If the DHCP server has the corresponding information for the target
MSP, it MUST include the corresponding information in the Home
Network Information option, and set all of the V flag(s) in its sub-
option(s) to 0(s). The server may provide the matching information
extracted from the MIP6 Relay Agent option.
C. OPTION_ORO and Home Network Identifier option with the id-type 2,
Interface-Id option, Client Identifier option, MIP6 Relay Agent
option.
In this case, the assignment of the home information relies on the
server's local policy, and the DHCP server SHOULD have its own policy
so that it can reply with the proper information in the Home Network
Information option. The policy can be determined based on several
factors such as the home agent availability and the authorization
information of the mobile node. However, the specific policy setting
is not in the scope of this document. The V flag(s) is/are set to
0(s) or 1(s) according to the type of provided home network
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information.
The server SHOULD provide all of the matching home information in
Home Network Information option(s). When the server has more than
one home network information to provide for a single Home Network
Identifier option, it SHOULD include each of them in Home Network
Information sub-options and include these sub-options in a single
Home Network Information option. The sub-options for the same home
agent SHOULD be listed in sequential order of a sub-opt-code in the
Home Network Information option as described in section 4.2. In case
of the id-type 0 and 1, the V flags in all sub-options in a Home
Network Information option SHOULD be set to 1s and 0s respectively.
If the request message carries more than one Home Network Identifier
options, the reply message MUST contain Home Network Information
options as many as Home Network Identifier options in the reply.
Though the server cannot find any home information for a specific id-
type, it MUST return the Home Network Information option by setting
the id-type to the specific id-type and the option-len to 0. The
Home Network Information options in the reply SHOULD appear in the
same order as Home Network Identifier options in the request and the
matching is based on the sequential order of options. This provides
a way of matching for Home Network Information options with the same
id-type.
In all Reply messages, the DHCP server MUST return the Interface-Id
option as received in the Information Request. The DHCP server
SHOULD use the Client Identifier option to identify the mobile node.
It is assumed that a DHCP server has some mechanism to know or
retrieve the requested Mobile IPv6 information. For instance, as
described in [11], the NAS can learn the information via RADIUS
during network access authentication, and NAS-collocated DHCP relay
can transfer it to the DHCP server by the proposed DHCP option in
this document. The DHCP server may gather the home network
information in other ways, but the specifics of these mechanisms are
outside the scope of this document.
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5. Security Considerations
Secure delivery of home agent, home address, and home link
information from a DHCP server to the mobile node (DHCP client)
relies on the overall DHCP security. The particular option defined
in this draft does not have additional impact on the DHCP security.
Aside from the DHCP client to server interaction, an operator must
also ensure secure delivery of mobile IP information to the DHCP
server. This is outside the scope of DHCP and the newly defined
option.
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6. IANA Consideration
This document introduces two new DHCPv6 options, Home Agent Request
option and Home Agent Reply option. The type numbers for new DHCP
options are currently TBD. An appropriate request will be made to
IANA if this Internet draft gets accepted as an RFC.
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7. Normative References
[1] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.
[2] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[3] Aboba, B. and M. Beadles, "The Network Access Identifier",
RFC 2486, January 1999.
[4] Droms, R., Bound, J., Volz, B., Lemon, T., Perkins, C., and M.
Carney, "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6
(DHCPv6)", RFC 3315, July 2003.
[5] Manner, J. and M. Kojo, "Mobility Related Terminology",
RFC 3753, June 2004.
[6] Johnson, D., Perkins, C., and J. Arkko, "Mobility Support in
IPv6", RFC 3775, June 2004.
[7] Calhoun, P., Zorn, G., Spence, D., and D. Mitton, "Diameter
Network Access Server Application", RFC 4005, August 2005.
[8] Patel, A., Leung, K., Khalil, M., Akhtar, H., and K. Chowdhury,
"Mobile Node Identifier Option for Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6)",
RFC 4283, November 2005.
[9] Patel, A. and G. Giaretta, "Problem Statement for bootstrapping
Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6)", RFC 4640, September 2006.
[10] Soliman, H., Castelluccia, C., El Malki, K., and L. Bellier,
"Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Mobility Management (HMIPv6)",
RFC 4140, August 2005.
[11] Chowdhury, K., "RADIUS Mobile IPv6 Support",
draft-ietf-mip6-radius-02 (work in progress), March 2007.
[12] Chowdhury, K. and A. Yegin, "MIP6-bootstrapping for the
Integrated Scenario",
draft-ietf-mip6-bootstrapping-integrated-dhc-04 (work in
progress), June 2007.
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Authors' Addresses
Hee Jin Jang
Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology
P.O. Box 111
Suwon 440-600
Korea
Email: heejin.jang@samsung.com
Alper E. Yegin
Samsung Electronics
Istanbul
Turkey
Email: alper01.yegin@partner.samsung.com
Kuntal Chowdhury
Starent Networks
30 International Place
Tewksbury, MA 01876
US
Email: kchowdhury@starentnetworks.com
JinHyeock Choi
Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology
P.O. Box 111
Suwon 440-600
Korea
Email: athene@sait.samsung.co.kr
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Full Copyright Statement
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