One document matched: draft-ietf-ips-iwarp-da-00.txt
INTERNET DRAFT Mallikarjun Chadalapaka
draft-ietf-ips-iwarp-da-00.txt HP
John Hufferd
IBM
Julian Satran
IBM
Hemal Shah
Intel
Expires March 2005
Datamover Architecture for iSCSI (DA)
1 Status of this Memo
By submitting this Internet-Draft, we certify that any
applicable patent or other IPR claims of which we are aware
have been disclosed, or will be disclosed, and any of which
we become aware will be disclosed, in accordance with RFC
3668.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet
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than a "work in progress."
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at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
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2 Abstract
iSCSI is a SCSI transport protocol that maps the SCSI family
of application protocols onto TCP/IP. The Datamover
Architecture for iSCSI (DA) defines an abstract model in
which the movement of data between iSCSI end nodes is
logically separated from the rest of the iSCSI protocol in
order to allow iSCSI to adapt to innovations available in new
IP transports. The new Datamover protocol provides a
reliable transport for all iSCSI PDUs, but actually moves the
data required for certain iSCSI PDUs without involving the
remote iSCSI layer itself. This document begins with an
introduction of a few new abstractions, defines a layered
architecture for iSCSI and Datamover protocols, and then
models the interactions within an iSCSI end node between the
iSCSI layer and the Datamover layer that happen in order to
transparently perform remote data movement within an IP
fabric. It is intended that this definition would help map
iSCSI to generic RDMA-capable IP fabrics in the future
comprising TCP, SCTP, and possibly other underlying network
transport layers.
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Table of Contents
1 Status of this Memo ....................................1
2 Abstract ...............................................2
3 Definitions and acronyms ...............................6
3.1 Definitions ............................................6
3.2 Acronyms ...............................................6
4 Motivation .............................................8
5 Architectural layering of iSCSI and Datamover layers ..10
6 Design Overview .......................................12
7 Architectural Concepts ................................14
7.1 iSCSI PDU types .......................................14
7.1.1 iSCSI data-type PDUs.................................14
7.1.2 iSCSI control-type PDUs..............................15
7.2 Data_Descriptor .......................................15
7.3 Connection_Handle .....................................15
7.4 Operational Primitive .................................16
7.5 Transport Connection ..................................16
8 Datamover layer and Datamover protocol ................17
9 Operational Primitives provided by the Datamover layer 19
9.1 Send_Control ..........................................19
9.2 Put_Data ..............................................20
9.3 Get_Data ..............................................20
9.4 Allocate_Connection_Resources .........................21
9.5 Deallocate_Connection_Resources .......................22
9.6 Enable_Datamover ......................................23
9.7 Connection_Terminate ..................................23
9.8 Notice_Key_Values .....................................24
9.9 Deallocate_Task_Resources .............................24
10 Operational Primitives provided by the iSCSI layer ....25
10.1 Control_Notify.......................................25
10.2 Connection_Terminate_Notify..........................26
10.3 Data_Completion_Notify...............................26
10.4 Data_ACK_Notify......................................27
11 Datamover Interface (DI) ..............................29
11.1 Overview.............................................29
11.2 Interactions for handling asynchronous notifications.29
11.2.1 Connection termination .............................29
11.2.2 Data transfer completion ...........................29
11.2.3 Data acknowledgement ...............................30
11.3 Interactions for sending an iSCSI PDU................31
11.3.1 SCSI Command .......................................31
11.3.2 SCSI Response ......................................32
11.3.3 Task Management Function Request ...................32
11.3.4 Task Management Function Response ..................32
11.3.5 SCSI Data-out & SCSI Data-in .......................33
11.3.6 Ready To Transfer (R2T) ............................33
11.3.7 Asynchronous Message ...............................34
11.3.8 Text Request .......................................34
11.3.9 Text Response ......................................34
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11.3.10 Login Request ....................................34
11.3.11 Login Response ...................................35
11.3.12 Logout Command ...................................36
11.3.13 Logout Response ..................................36
11.3.14 SNACK Request ....................................36
11.3.15 Reject ...........................................36
11.3.16 NOP-Out ..........................................37
11.3.17 NOP-In ...........................................37
11.4 Interactions for receiving an iSCSI PDU..............37
11.4.1 SCSI Command .......................................37
11.4.2 SCSI Response ......................................38
11.4.3 Task Management Function Request ...................38
11.4.4 Task Management Function Response ..................38
11.4.5 SCSI Data-out & SCSI Data-in .......................38
11.4.6 Ready To Transfer (R2T) ............................39
11.4.7 Asynchronous Message ...............................39
11.4.8 Text Request .......................................39
11.4.9 Text Response ......................................40
11.4.10 Login Request ....................................40
11.4.11 Login Response ...................................40
11.4.12 Logout Command ...................................40
11.4.13 Logout Response ..................................41
11.4.14 SNACK Request ....................................41
11.4.15 Reject ...........................................41
11.4.16 NOP-Out ..........................................41
11.4.17 NOP-In ...........................................41
12 Security Considerations ...............................42
13 IANA Considerations ...................................43
14 References and Bibliography ...........................44
14.1 Normative References.................................44
14.2 Informative References...............................44
15 Authors' Addresses ....................................45
16 Acknowledgements ......................................46
17 Appendix ..............................................50
17.1 Design considerations for a Datamover protocol.......50
17.2 Examples of Datamover interactions...................51
18 Full Copyright Statement ..............................60
19 Intellectual Property Statement .......................61
Table of Figures
Figure 1 Datamover Architecture diagram, with the RDMAP
example.....................................................10
Figure 2 A successful iSCSI login on initiator..............52
Figure 3 A successful iSCSI login on target.................52
Figure 4 A failed iSCSI login on initiator..................53
Figure 5 A failed iSCSI login on target.....................53
Figure 6 iSCSI does not enable the Datamover................54
Figure 7 A normal iSCSI connection termination..............55
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Figure 8 An abnormal iSCSI connection termination...........55
Figure 9 A SCSI Write data transfer.........................56
Figure 10 A SCSI Read data transfer.........................57
Figure 11 A SCSI Read data acknowledgement..................58
Figure 12 Task resource cleanup on abort...................59
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3 Definitions and acronyms
3.1 Definitions
I/O Buffer ¡ A buffer that is used in a SCSI Read or Write
operation so SCSI data may be sent from or received into
that buffer.
Datamover protocol ¡ A Datamover protocol is a data transfer
wire protocol for iSCSI that meets the requirements
stated in section 8.
Datamover layer ¡ A Datamover layer is a protocol layer
within an end node that implements the Datamover
protocol.
Datamover-assisted - An iSCSI connection is said to be
"Datamover-assisted" when a Datamover layer is enabled
for moving control and data information on that
connection.
3.2 Acronyms
Acronym Definition
-------------------------------------------------------------
DA Datamover Architecture
DDP Direct Data Placement Protocol
DI Datamover Interface
IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
I/O Input - Output
IP Internet Protocol
iSCSI Internet SCSI
iSER iSCSI Extensions for RDMA
ITT Initiator Task Tag
LO Leading Only
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MPA Marker PDU Aligned Framing for TCP
PDU Protocol Data Unit
RDDP Remote Direct Data Placement
RDMA Remote Direct Memory Access
R2T Ready To Transfer
R2TSN Ready To Transfer Sequence Number
RDMA Remote Direct Memory Access
RDMAP Remote Direct Memory Access Protocol
RFC Request For Comments
SAM SCSI Architecture Model
SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface
SN Sequence Number
SNACK Selective Negative Acknowledgment - also
Sequence Number Acknowledgement for data
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TTT Target Transfer Tag
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4 Motivation
There are new industry and standards initiatives to develop
Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) and Remote Direct Data
Placement (RDDP) technologies to work over IP fabrics. The
principal value proposition of these technologies is that
they enable one end node to place data in the final intended
buffer on the remote end node, thus eliminating the data copy
that traditionally happens in the receive path to move the
data to the final buffer. The data copy avoidance in turn
eliminates unnecessary memory bandwidth consumption, substan-
tially decreases the reassembly buffer size requirements, and
preserves CPU cycles that would otherwise be spent in
copying.
The iSCSI specification ([RFC3720]) defines a very detailed
data transfer model that employs SCSI Data-In PDUs, SCSI
Data-Out PDUs, and R2T PDUs, in addition to the SCSI Command
and SCSI Response PDUs that respectively create and conclude
the task context for the data transfer. In the traditional
iSCSI model, the iSCSI protocol layer plays the central role
in pacing the data transfer and carrying out the ensuing data
transfer itself. An alternative architecture would be for
iSCSI to delegate a large part of this data transfer role to
a separate protocol layer exclusively designed to move data,
which in turn is possibly aided by a data movement and
placement technology such as RDMA.
If iSCSI were operating in such RDMA environments, iSCSI
would be shielded from the low-level data transfer mechanics
but would only be privy to the conclusion of the requested
data transfer Thus, there would be an effective "off-
loading" of the work that an iSCSI protocol layer is expected
to perform, compared to today's iSCSI end nodes. For such
RDMA environments, it is highly desirable that there be a
standard architecture to separate the data movement part of
the iSCSI protocol definition from the rest of the iSCSI
functionality. This architecture precisely defines what a
Datamover layer is and also describes the model of
interactions between the iSCSI layer and the Datamover layer
(section 8). In order to satisfy this need, this document
presents a Datamover Architecture (DA) and also summarizes a
reasonable model for interactions between the iSCSI layer and
the Datamover layer for each of the iSCSI PDUs that are
defined in [RFC3720]. Note that while DA is motivated by the
advent of RDMA over TCP/IP technology, the architecture is
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not dependent on RDMA in its design. DA is intended to be a
generic architectural framework for allowing different types
of Datamovers based on different types of RDMA and transport
protocols. Adoption of this model will help iSCSI
proliferate into more environments.
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5 Architectural layering of iSCSI and Datamover layers
Figure 1 illustrates an example of the architectural layering
of iSCSI and Datamover layers, in conjunction with a TCP/IP
implementation of RDMAP/DDP layers in an iSCSI end node.
Note that RDMAP/DDP/MPA, and TCP protocol layers are shown
here only as an example and in reality, DA is completely
oblivious to protocol layers below the Datamover layer. The
RDMAP/DDP/MPA protocol stack provides a generic transport
service with direct data placement. There is no need to
tailor the implementation of this protocol stack to the
specific ULP to benefit from these services.
Initiator stack Target stack
+----------------+ SCSI application +----------------+
| SCSI Layer | protocols | SCSI Layer |
+----------------+ +----------------+
^ ^
| |
v v
+----------------+ iSCSI protocol +----------------+
| iSCSI Layer | (excluding data | iSCSI Layer |
+----------------+ movement) +----------------+
^ ^
-- ---+-- ---- ---- -- DI -- ---- ---- ----+--- ----
v v
+----------------+ a Datamover +----------------+
| Datamover Layer| protocol | Datamover Layer|
+----------------+ +----------------+
^ ^
+-------+----------+ +---------+-----------+
| v | | v |
|+---------------+ | | +-----------------+ |
|| RDMAP/DDP/MPA | | RDMAP/DDP/MPA | | RDMAP/DDP/MPA | |
|| Layers | | protocols | | Layers | |
|+---------------+ | | +-----------------+ |
| ^ | | ^ |
| | network | | | network |
| | transport| | | transport |
| v | | v |
|+---------------+ | | +----------------+ |
|| TCP Layer | | TCP protocol | | TCP Layer | |
|+---------------+ | | +----------------+ |
| ^ | | ^ |
+-------+----------+ +---------+-----------+
+------------------------------------------+
Figure 1 Datamover Architecture diagram, with the
RDMAP example
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The scope of this document is limited to:
1. Defining the notion of a Datamover layer and a Datamover
protocol (section 8),
2. Defining the functionality distribution between the
iSCSI layer and the Datamover layer along with the
communication model between the two (Operational
Primitives), and,
3. Modeling the interactions between the blocks labeled as
"iSCSI Layer" and "Datamover Layer" in Figure 1 ¡ i.e.
defining the interface labeled as "DI" in the figure -
for each defined iSCSI PDU, based on the Operational
Primitives.
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6 Design Overview
This document discusses and defines a model for interactions
between the iSCSI layer and a "Datamover layer" (see section
8) operating within an iSCSI end node, presumably
communicating with one or more iSCSI end nodes with similar
layering. The model for interactions for handling different
iSCSI operations is called the "Datamover Interface" (DI,
section 11), while the architecture itself is called
"Datamover Architecture" (DA). It is likely that the
architecture will have implications on the Datamover wire
protocols as DA places certain requirements and functionality
expectations on the Datamover layer. However, this document
itself neither defines any new wire protocol for the
Datamover layer, nor any potential modifications to the iSCSI
wire protocol to employ the Datamover layer. The scope of
this document is strictly limited to specifying the
architectural framework and the minimally required
interactions that happen within an iSCSI end node to leverage
the Datamover layer.
The design ideas behind DA can be summarized thus ¡
1) DA defines an abstract procedural interface definition of
iSCSI layer's interactions with a Datamover layer below ¡
i.e. DA models the interactions between the logical
"bottom" interface of iSCSI and the logical "top" interface
of a Datamover.
2) DA guides the wire protocol for a Datamover layer by
defining the iSCSI knowledge that the Datamover layer may
utilize in its protocol definition (as an example, this
draft completely limits the notion of "iSCSI session" to
the iSCSI layer).
3) DA is designed to allow implementing the Datamover layer
either in hardware or in software.
4) DA is not a wire protocol spec, but an architecture that
also models the interactions between iSCSI and Datamover
layers operating within an iSCSI end node.
5) DA by design seeks to model the iSCSI-Datamover
interactions in a way that the modeling is independent of
the specifics of either a particular iSCSI revision, or a
specific instantiation of a Datamover layer.
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6) DA introduces and relies on the notion of a defined set of
Operational Primitives (could be seen as entry point
definitions in implementation terms) provided by each layer
to the other to carry out the request-response
interactions.
7) DA is intended to allow Datamover protocol definitions with
minimal changes to existing iSCSI implementations.
8) DA is designed to allow the iSCSI layer to completely rely
on the Datamover layer for all the data transport needs.
9) DA models the architecturally required minimal interactions
between an operational iSCSI layer and a Datamover layer to
realize the iSCSI-transparent data movement. There may be
several other interactions in a typical implementation in
order to bootstrap a Datamover layer (or an iSCSI layer)
into operation, and they are outside the scope of this
document.
Note that in summary, DA is architected to support many
different Datamover protocols operating under the iSCSI
layer. One such example of a Datamover protocol is iSER
([iSER]).
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7 Architectural Concepts
7.1 iSCSI PDU types
This section defines the iSCSI PDU classification
terminology, as defined and used in this document. Out of
the set of legal iSCSI PDUs defined in [RFC3720], as we will
see in section 7.1.1, the iSCSI layer does not request a SCSI
Data-Out PDU carrying solicited data for transmission across
the Datamover Interface per this architecture. For this
reason, the SCSI Data-Out PDU carrying solicited data is
excluded in the iSCSI PDU classification we introduce in this
section. The rest of the legal iSCSI PDUs that may be
exchanged across the Datamover Interface are defined to
consist of two classes:
1) iSCSI data-type PDUs
2) iSCSI control-type PDUs
7.1.1 iSCSI data-type PDUs
An iSCSI data-type PDU is defined as an iSCSI PDU that causes
data transfer, transparent to the remote iSCSI layer, to take
place between the peer iSCSI nodes on a full feature phase
iSCSI connection. A data-type PDU, when requested for
transmission by the sender iSCSI layer, results in the
associated data transfer without the participation of the
remote iSCSI layer, i.e. the PDU itself is not delivered as-
is to the remote iSCSI layer. The following iSCSI PDUs
constitute the set of iSCSI data-type PDUs ¡
1) SCSI Data-In PDU
2) R2T PDU
In an iSCSI end node structured as an iSCSI layer and a
Datamover layer as defined in this document, the solicitation
for Data-out (i.e. R2T PDU) is not delivered to the initiator
iSCSI layer, per the definition of an iSCSI data-type PDU.
The data transfer is instead performed via the mechanisms
known to the Datamover layer (e.g. RDMA Read). This in turn
implies that a SCSI Data-Out PDU for solicited data is never
requested for transmission across the Datamover Interface at
the initiator.
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7.1.2 iSCSI control-type PDUs
Any iSCSI PDU that is not an iSCSI data-type PDU and also not
a solicited SCSI Data-out PDU is defined as an iSCSI control-
type PDU. Specifically, it is to be noted that SCSI Data-Out
PDUs for unsolicited Data are defined as iSCSI control-type
PDUs.
7.2 Data_Descriptor
A Data_Descriptor is an information element that describes an
iSCSI/SCSI data buffer, provided by the iSCSI layer to its
local Datamover layer or by the Datamover layer to its local
iSCSI layer for identifying the data associated respectively
with the requested or completed operation.
In implementation terms, a Data_Descriptor may be a scatter-
gather list describing a local buffer, the exact structure of
which is subject to the constraints imposed by the operating
environment on the local iSCSI node.
7.3 Connection_Handle
A Connection_Handle is an information element that identifies
the particular iSCSI connection for which an inbound or
outbound iSCSI PDU is intended. A connection handle is unique
for a given pair of an iSCSI layer instance and a Datamover
layer instance. The Connection_Handle qualifier is used in
all invocations of any Operational Primitive for connection
identification.
Note that the Connection_Handle is conceptually different
from the Connection Identifier (CID) defined by the iSCSI
specification. While the CID is a unique identifier of an
iSCSI connection within an iSCSI session, the uniqueness of
the Connection_Handle extends to the entire iSCSI layer
instance coupled with the Datamover layer instance, across
possibly multiple iSCSI sessions.
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In implementation terms, a Connection_Handle could be an
opaque identifier exchanged between the iSCSI layer and the
Datamover layer at the connection login time. One may also
consider it to be similar in scope of uniqueness to a socket
identifier. The exact structure and modalities of exchange
of a Connection_Handle between the two layers is
implementation-specific.
7.4 Operational Primitive
An Operational Primitive, in this document, is an abstract
functional interface procedure that requests another layer to
perform a specific action on the requestor's behalf or
notifies the other layer of some event. The Datamover
Interface between an iSCSI layer instance and a Datamover
layer instance within an iSCSI end node uses a set of
Operational Primitives to define the functional interface
between the two layers. Note that not every invocation of an
Operational Primitive may elicit a response from the
requested layer. This document describes the types of
Operational Primitives that are implicitly required and
provided by the iSCSI protocol layer as defined in [RFC3720],
and the semantics of these Primitives.
Note that ownership of buffers and data structures is likely
to be exchanged between the iSCSI layer and its local
Datamover layer in invoking the Operational Primitives
defined in this architecture. The buffer management details,
including how buffers are allocated and released, are
implementation-specific and thus are outside the scope of
this document.
7.5 Transport Connection
The term "Transport Connection" is used in this document as a
generic term to represent the end-to-end logical connection
as defined by the underlying reliable transport protocol.
For this revision of this document, a Transport Connection
means only a TCP connection.
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8 Datamover layer and Datamover protocol
This section introduces the notion of a "Datamover layer" and
"Datamover protocol" as meant in this document, and defines
the requirements on a Datamover protocol.
A Datamover layer is the implementation component that
realizes a Datamover protocol functionality in an iSCSI-
capable end node, in communicating with other iSCSI end nodes
with similar capabilities. More specifically, a "Datamover
layer" MUST provide the following functionality and the
"Datamover protocol" MUST consist of the wire protocol
required to realize the following functionality ¡
1) guarantee that all the necessary data transfers take place
when the local iSCSI layer requests transmitting a command
(in order to complete a SCSI command, for an initiator),or
sending/receiving an iSCSI data sequence (in order to
complete part of a SCSI command, for a target).
2) transport an iSCSI control-type PDU as-is to the peer
Datamover layer when requested to do so by the local iSCSI
layer.
3) provide notification and delivery to the iSCSI layer upon
arrival of an iSCSI control-type PDU.
4) provide an end-to-end data acknowledgement of SCSI read
data to the target iSCSI layer, when requested.
5) provide an asynchronous notification upon completion of a
requested data transfer operation that moved data without
involving the iSCSI layer.
6) place the SCSI data into the I/O buffers or pick up the
SCSI data for transmission out of the data buffers that the
iSCSI layer had requested to be used for a SCSI I/O.
7) guarantee an error-free (i.e. must have at least the same
level of assurance of data integrity as the CRC32C iSCSI
data digest), reliable, in-order delivery transport
mechanism over IP fabrics in performing the data transfer,
and asynchronously notify the iSCSI layer upon iSCSI
connection termination.
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Note that this architecture expects that each compliant
Datamover protocol will define the precise means of
satisfying the requirements specified in this section.
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9 Operational Primitives provided by the Datamover layer
While the iSCSI specification itself does not have a notion
of Operational Primitives, any iSCSI layer implementing the
iSCSI specification functionally requires the following
Operational Primitives from its Datamover layer. These
Operational Primitives are invoked by the iSCSI layer as
appropriate. Unless otherwise stated, all the following
Operational Primitives may be used both on the initiator side
and the target side. In general programming terminology,
this set of Operational Primitives may be construed as "down
calls".
1) Send_Control
2) Put_Data
3) Get_Data
4) Allocate_Connection_Resources
5) Deallocate_Connection_Resources
6) Enable_Datamover
7) Connection_Terminate
8) Notice_Key_Values
9) Deallocate_Task_Resources
9.1 Send_Control
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle, iSCSI PDU-specific
qualifiers
Return Results: Not specified.
An iSCSI layer requests its local Datamover layer to transmit
an iSCSI control-type PDU to the peer iSCSI layer operating
in the remote iSCSI node by this Operational Primitive. The
Datamover layer performs the requested operation, and may add
its own protocol headers in doing so. The iSCSI layer MUST
NOT invoke the Send_Control Operational Primitive on an iSCSI
connection that is not yet Datamover-assisted.
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An initiator iSCSI layer requesting the transfer of a SCSI
command PDU or a target iSCSI layer requesting the transfer
of a SCSI response PDU are examples of invoking the
Send_Control Operational Primitive.
9.2 Put_Data
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle, contents of a SCSI Data-
In PDU header, Data_Descriptor, Notify_Enable
Return Results: Not specified.
An iSCSI layer requests its local Datamover layer to transmit
the data identified by the Data_Descriptor for the SCSI Data-
In PDU to the peer iSCSI layer on the remote iSCSI node by
this Operational Primitive. The Datamover layer performs the
operation by using its own protocol means, completely
transparent to the remote iSCSI layer. The iSCSI layer MUST
NOT invoke the Put_Data Operational Primitive on an iSCSI
connection that is not yet Datamover-assisted.
The Notify_Enable qualifier is used to request the local
Datamover layer to generate or to not generate the eventual
local completion notification to the iSCSI layer for this
Put_Data invocation. For detailed semantics of this
qualifier, see section 10.3.
A Put_Data Primitive may only be invoked by an iSCSI layer on
the target to its local Datamover layer.
A target iSCSI layer requesting the transfer of an iSCSI read
data sequence (also known as a read burst) is an example of
invoking the Put_Data Operational Primitive.
9.3 Get_Data
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle, contents of an R2T PDU,
Data_Descriptor, Notify_Enable
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Return Results: Not specified.
An iSCSI layer requests its local Datamover layer to retrieve
certain data identified by the R2T PDU from the peer iSCSI
layer on the remote iSCSI node into the buffer identified by
the Data_Descriptor by invoking this Operational Primitive.
The Datamover layer performs the operation by using its own
protocol means, completely transparent to the remote iSCSI
layer. The iSCSI layer MUST NOT invoke the Get_Data
Operational Primitive on an iSCSI connection that is not yet
Datamover-assisted.
The Notify_Enable qualifier is used to request the local
Datamover layer to generate or to not generate the eventual
local completion notification to the iSCSI layer for this
Get_Data invocation. For detailed semantics of this
qualifier, see section 10.3.
A Get_Data Primitive may only be invoked by an iSCSI layer on
the target to its local Datamover layer.
A target iSCSI layer requesting the transfer of an iSCSI
write data sequence (also known as a write burst) is an
example of invoking the Get_Data Operational Primitive.
9.4 Allocate_Connection_Resources
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle[, Resource_Descriptor ]
Return Results: Status.
By invoking this Operational Primitive, an iSCSI layer
requests its local Datamover layer to perform all the
Datamover-specific resource allocations required for the full
feature phase of an iSCSI connection. The Connection_Handle
identifies the connection the iSCSI layer is requesting the
resource allocation for in order to eventually transition the
connection to be a Datamover-assisted iSCSI connection. Note
that the Datamover layer however does not allocate any
Datamover-specific task-level resources upon invocation of
this Primitive.
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An iSCSI layer, in addition, optionally specifies the
implementation-specific resource requirements for the iSCSI
connection to the Datamover layer, by passing an input
qualifier called Resource_Descriptor. The exact structure of
a Resource_Descriptor is implementation-dependent, and hence
structurally opaque to DA.
A return result of Status=success means that the
Allocate_Connection_Resources invocation corresponding to
that Connection_Handle succeeded. If an
Allocate_Connection_Resources invocation is made for a
Connection_Handle for which an earlier invocation succeeded,
the return Status must be success and the request will be
ignored by the Datamover layer. A return result of
Status=failure means that the Allocate_Connection_Resources
invocation corresponding to that Connection_Handle failed.
There MUST NOT be more than one Allocate_Connection_Resources
Primitive invocation outstanding for a given
Connection_Handle at any time.
The iSCSI layer must invoke the Allocate_Connection_Resources
Primitive before the invocation of the Enable_Datamover
Primitive.
9.5 Deallocate_Connection_Resources
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle
Return Results: Not specified.
By invoking this Operational Primitive, an iSCSI layer
requests its local Datamover layer to deallocate all the
Datamover-specific resources that may have been allocated
earlier for the Transport Connection identified by the
Connection_Handle. The iSCSI layer may invoke this
Operational Primitive when the Datamover-specific resources
associated with the Connection_Handle are no longer necessary
(such as the Login failure of the corresponding iSCSI
connection).
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9.6 Enable_Datamover
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle,
Transport_Connection_Descriptor [, Final_Login_Response_PDU]
Return Results: Not specified.
By invoking this Operational Primitive, an iSCSI layer
requests its local Datamover layer to assist all further
iSCSI exchanges on the iSCSI connection (i.e. to make the
connection Datamover-assisted) identified by the
Connection_Handle, for which the Datamover-specific resource
allocation was earlier made. The iSCSI layer MUST NOT invoke
the Enable_Datamover Operational Primitive for an iSCSI
connection unless there was a corresponding prior resource
allocation.
The Final_Login_Response_PDU input qualifier is applicable
only for a target, and contains the final Login Response that
concludes the iSCSI Login phase and which must be sent as a
byte stream as expected by the initiator iSCSI layer. When
this qualifier is used, the target-Datamover layer MUST
transmit this final Login Response before Datamover
assistance is enabled for the Transport Connection.
The iSCSI layer identifies the specific Transport Connection
associated with the Connection_Handle to the Datamover layer
by specifying the Transport_Connection_Descriptor. The exact
structure of this Descriptor is implementation-dependent.
9.7 Connection_Terminate
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle
Return Results: Not specified.
By invoking this Operational Primitive, an iSCSI layer
requests its local Datamover layer to terminate the Transport
Connection and deallocate all the connection and task
resources associated with the Connection_Handle. When this
Operational Primitive invocation returns to the iSCSI layer,
the iSCSI layer may assume the full ownership of all the
iSCSI-level resources, e.g. I/O Buffers, associated with the
connection. This Operational Primitive may be invoked only
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with a valid Connection_Handle and the Transport Connection
associated with the Connection_Handle must already be
Datamover-assisted.
9.8 Notice_Key_Values
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle, Number of keys, a list
of Key-Value pairs
Return Results: Not specified.
By invoking this Operational Primitive, an iSCSI layer
requests its local Datamover layer to take note of the
negotiated values of the listed keys for the Transport
Connection. This Operational Primitive may be invoked only
with a valid Connection_Handle and the Key-Value pairs MUST
be the current values that were successfully agreed upon by
the iSCSI peers for the connection. The Datamover layer may
use the values of the keys to aid the Datamover operation as
it deems appropriate. The specific keys to be passed in as
input qualifiers and the point(s) in time this Operational
Primitive is invoked are implementation-dependent.
9.9 Deallocate_Task_Resources
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle, ITT
Return Results: Not specified.
By invoking this Operational Primitive, an iSCSI layer
requests its local Datamover Layer to deallocate all
Datamover-specific resources that earlier may have been
allocated for the task identified by the ITT qualifier. The
iSCSI layer uses this Operational Primitive during exception
processing when one or more active tasks are to be terminated
without corresponding SCSI Response PDUs. This Primitive
MUST be invoked for each active task terminated without a
SCSI Response PDU. This Primitive MUST NOT be invoked by the
iSCSI layer when a SCSI Response PDU normally concludes a
task. When a SCSI Response PDU normally concludes a task
(even if the SCSI Status was not a success), the Datamover
layer is assumed to have automatically deallocated all
Datamover-specific task resources for that task.
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10 Operational Primitives provided by the iSCSI layer
While the iSCSI specification itself does not have a notion
of Operational Primitives, any iSCSI layer implementing the
iSCSI specification would have to provide the following
Operational Primitives to its local Datamover layer. These
Operational Primitives are invoked by the Datamover layer as
appropriate and when the iSCSI connection is Datamover-
assisted. Unless otherwise stated, all the following
Operational Primitives may be used both on the initiator side
and the target side. In general programming terminology,
this set of Operational Primitives may be construed as "up
calls".
1) Control_Notify
2) Connection_Terminate_Notify
3) Data_Completion_Notify
4) Data_ACK_Notify
10.1 Control_Notify
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle, an iSCSI control-type
PDU.
Return Results: Not specified.
A Datamover layer notifies its local iSCSI layer, via this
Operational Primitive, of the arrival of an iSCSI control-
type PDU from the peer Datamover layer on the remote iSCSI
node. The iSCSI layer processes the control-type PDU as
defined in [RFC3720].
A target iSCSI layer being notified of the arrival of a SCSI
Command is an example of invoking the Control_Notify
Operational Primitive.
Note that implementations may choose to describe the "iSCSI
control-type PDU" qualifier in this notification using a
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Data_Descriptor (section 7.2) and not necessarily one
contiguous buffer.
10.2 Connection_Terminate_Notify
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle
Return Results: Not specified.
A Datamover layer notifies its local iSCSI layer on an
unsolicited termination or failure of an iSCSI connection
providing the Connection_Handle associated with the iSCSI
Connection. The iSCSI Layer MUST consider the
Connection_Handle to be invalid upon being so notified. The
iSCSI layer processes the connection termination as defined
in [RFC3720]. The Datamover layer MUST deallocate the
connection and task resources associated with the terminated
connection before notifying the iSCSI layer of the
termination via this Operational Primitive.
A target iSCSI layer being notified of the arrival of TCP
RESET is an example of when the Connection_Terminate_Notify
Operational Primitive is invoked.
10.3 Data_Completion_Notify
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle, ITT, SN
Return Results: Not specified.
A Datamover layer notifies its local iSCSI layer on
completing the retrieval of the data or upon sending the
data, as requested in a prior iSCSI data-type PDU, from/to
the peer Datamover layer on the remote iSCSI node via this
Operational Primitive. The iSCSI layer processes the
operation as defined in [RFC3720].
SN may be either the DataSN associated with the SCSI Data-In
PDU or R2TSN associated with the R2T PDU depending on the
SCSI operation. Note that, for targets, a TTT (see
[RFC3720]) could have been specified instead of an SN.
However, the considered choice was to leave the SN to be the
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qualifier for two reasons ¡ a) it is generic and applicable
to initiators and targets as well as Data-in and Data-out,
and b) having both SN and TTT qualifiers for the notification
was considered onerous on the Datamover layer, in terms of
state maintenance for each completion notification. The
implication of this choice is that iSCSI target
implementations will have to adapt to using the ITT-SN tuple
in associating the solicited data to the appropriate task,
rather than the ITT-TTT tuple for doing the same.
If Notify_Enable was set in either a Put_Data or a Get_Data
invocation, the Datamover layer MUST invoke the
Data_Completion_Notify Operational Primitive upon completing
that requested data transfer. If the Notify_Enable was
cleared in either a Put_Data or a Get_Data invocation, the
Datamover layer MUST NOT invoke the Data_Completion_Notify
Operational Primitive upon completing that requested data
transfer.
A Data_Completion_Notify invocation serves to notify the
iSCSI layer of the Put_Data or Get_Data completion
respectively. As earlier noted in sections 9.2 and 9.3,
specific Datamover protocol definitions may restrict the
usage scope of Put_Data and Get_Data, and thus implicitly the
usage scope of Data_Completion_Notify.
A target iSCSI layer being notified of the retrieval of a
write data sequence is an example of invoking the
Data_Completion_Notify Operational Primitive.
10.4 Data_ACK_Notify
Input qualifiers: Connection_Handle, ITT, DataSN
Return Results: Not specified.
A target Datamover layer notifies its local iSCSI layer of
the arrival of a previously requested data acknowledgement
from the peer Datamover layer on the remote (initiator) iSCSI
node via this Operational Primitive. The iSCSI layer
processes the data acknowledgement notification as defined in
[RFC3720].
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A target iSCSI layer being notified of the arrival of a data
acknowledgement for a certain SCSI Read data PDU is the only
example of invoking the Data_ACK_Notify Operational
Primitive.
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11 Datamover Interface (DI)
11.1 Overview
This chapter describes the interactions model between iSCSI
and Datamover layers when the iSCSI connection is Datamover-
assisted so the iSCSI layer may carry out the following -
- send iSCSI data-type PDUs and exchange iSCSI control-type
PDUs, and
- handle asynchronous notifications such as completion of
data sequence transfer, and connection failure.
This chapter relies on the notion of Operational Primitives
(section 7.4) to define DI.
11.2 Interactions for handling asynchronous notifications
11.2.1 Connection termination
As stated in section 10.2, the Datamover layer notifies the
iSCSI layer of a failed or terminated connection via the
Connection_Terminate_Notify Operational Primitive. The iSCSI
layer MUST consider the connection as unusable upon the
invocation of this Primitive and handle the connection
termination as specified in [RFC3720].
11.2.2 Data transfer completion
As stated in section 10.3, the Datamover layer notifies the
iSCSI layer of a completed data transfer operation via the
Data_Completion_Notify Operational Primitive. The iSCSI
layer processes the transfer completion as specified in
[RFC3720].
11.2.2.1 Completion of a requested SCSI Data transfer
The Datamover layer, to notify the iSCSI layer of the
completion of a requested iSCSI data-type PDU transfer, uses
the Data_Completion_Notify Operational Primitive with the
following input qualifiers.
a) Connection_Handle
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b) ITT: Initiator Task Tag semantics as defined in
[RFC3720]
c) SN: DataSN for a SCSI Data-in/Data-out PDU, and R2TSN
for an iSCSI R2T PDU. The semantics for both types of
sequence numbers are as defined in [RFC3720].
The rationale for choosing SN is explained in section 10.3.
Every invocation of the Data_Completion_Notify Operational
Primitive MUST be preceded by an invocation of the Put_Data
or Get_Data Operational Primitive with the Notify_Enable
qualifier set by the iSCSI layer at an earlier point in time.
11.2.3 Data acknowledgement
[RFC3720] allows the iSCSI targets to optionally solicit data
acknowledgement from the initiator for one or more Data-in
PDUs, via setting of the A-bit on a Data-in PDU. The
Data_ACK_Notify Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used by the target Datamover layer to
notify the local iSCSI layer of the arrival of data
acknowledgement of a previously solicited iSCSI read data
acknowledgement. This Operational Primitive thus is appli-
cable only to iSCSI targets.
a) Connection_Handle
b) ITT: Initiator Task Tag semantics as defined in [RFC3720]
c) DataSN: of the next SCSI Data-in PDU which immediately
follows the SCSI Data-in PDU with the A-bit set to which
this notification corresponds, with semantics as defined in
[RFC3720].
Every invocation of the Data_ACK_Notify Operational Primitive
MUST be preceded by an invocation of the Put_Data Operational
Primitive by the iSCSI target layer with the A-bit set to 1
at an earlier point in time.
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11.3 Interactions for sending an iSCSI PDU
This section discusses the interactions model for sending
each of the iSCSI PDUs defined in [RFC3720]. A
Connection_Handle (see section 7.3) is assumed to qualify
each of these interactions so that the Datamover layer can
route it to the appropriate Transport Connection. The
qualifying Connection_Handle is not explicitly listed in the
subsequent sections.
11.3.1 SCSI Command
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
SCSI Command PDU.
a) BHS and AHS, if any, of the SCSI Command PDU as defined in
[RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorOut: that defines the I/O Buffer meant for
Data-out for the entire command, in the case of a write or
bidirectional command
c) DataDescriptorIn: that defines the I/O Buffer meant for
Data-in for the entire command, in the case of a read or
bidirectional command
d) ImmediateDataSize: that defines the number of octets of
immediate unsolicited data for a write/bidirectional
command
e) UnsolicitedDataSize: that defines the number of octets of
immediate and non-immediate unsolicited data for a
write/bidirectional command.
Note that some implementations may choose to ascertain the
ImmediateDataSize input qualifier from the DataSegmentLength
field of the SCSI Command PDU. The defined list of input
qualifiers represents the semantically required set for the
Datamover layer to consider in implementing the Primitive.
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11.3.2 SCSI Response
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
SCSI Response PDU.
a) BHS of the SCSI Response PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorStatus: that defines the iSCSI buffer which
contains the sense and response information for the command
11.3.3 Task Management Function Request
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
Task Management Function Request PDU.
a) BHS of the Task Management Function Request PDU as defined
in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorOut: that defines the I/O Buffer meant for
Data-out for the entire command, in the case of a write or
bidirectional command (Only valid if Function="TASK
REASSIGN" ¡ [RFC3720] ]
c) DataDescriptorIn: that defines the I/O Buffer meant for
Data-in for the entire command, in the case of a read or
bidirectional command (Only valid if Function="TASK
REASSIGN" - [RFC3720] )
11.3.4 Task Management Function Response
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifier is used for requesting the transmission of a
Task Management Function Response PDU.
a) BHS of the Task Management Function Response PDU as defined
in [RFC3720]
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11.3.5 SCSI Data-out & SCSI Data-in
11.3.5.1 SCSI Data-out
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used by the initiator iSCSI layer for
requesting the transmission of a SCSI Data-out PDU carrying
the non-immediate unsolicited data.
a) BHS of the SCSI Data-out PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorOut: that defines the I/O Buffer with the
Data-out to be carried in the iSCSI data segment of the PDU
11.3.5.2 SCSI Data-in
The Put_Data Operational Primitive with the following input
qualifiers is used by the target iSCSI layer for requesting
the transmission of the data carried by a SCSI Data-in PDU.
a) BHS of the SCSI Data-in PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorIn: that defines the I/O Buffer with the
Data-in being requested for transmission
11.3.6 Ready To Transfer (R2T)
The Get_Data Operational Primitive with the following input
qualifiers is used by the target iSCSI layer for requesting
the retrieval of the data as specified by the semantic
content of an R2T PDU.
a) BHS of the Ready To Transfer PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorOut: that defines the I/O Buffer for the
Data-out being requested for retrieval
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11.3.7 Asynchronous Message
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of
an Asynchronous Message PDU.
a) BHS of the Asynchronous Message PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorSense: that defines an iSCSI buffer which
contains the sense and iSCSI Event information.
11.3.8 Text Request
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
Text Request PDU.
a) BHS of the Text Request PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorTextOut: that defines the iSCSI Text Request
buffer
11.3.9 Text Response
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
Text Response PDU.
a) BHS of the Text Response PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorTextIn: that defines the iSCSI Text Response
buffer
11.3.10 Login Request
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
Login Request PDU.
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a) BHS of the Login Request PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorLoginRequest: that defines the iSCSI Login
Request buffer
Note that specific Datamover protocols may choose to disallow
the standard DA Primitives from being used for the iSCSI
Login phase. When used in conjunction with such Datamover
protocols, an attempt to send a Login Request via the
Send_Control Operational Primitive invocation is clearly an
error scenario, as the Login Request PDU is being sent while
the connection is in the iSCSI full feature phase. It is
outside the scope of this document to specify the resulting
implementation behavior in this case - [RFC3720] already
defines the error handling for this error scenario.
11.3.11 Login Response
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
Login Response PDU.
a) BHS of the Login Response PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorLoginResponse: that defines the iSCSI Login
Response buffer
Note that specific Datamover protocols may choose to disallow
the standard DA Primitives from being used for the iSCSI
Login phase. When used in conjunction with such Datamover
protocols, an attempt to send a Login Response via the
Send_Control Operational Primitive invocation is clearly an
error scenario, as the Login Response PDU is being sent while
in the iSCSI full feature phase. It is outside the scope of
this document to specify the resulting implementation
behavior in this case - [RFC3720] already defines the error
handling for this error scenario.
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11.3.12 Logout Command
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifier is used for requesting the transmission of a
Logout Command PDU.
a) BHS of the Logout Command PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
11.3.13 Logout Response
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifier is used for requesting the transmission of a
Logout Response PDU.
a) BHS of the Logout Response PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
11.3.14 SNACK Request
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifier is used for requesting the transmission of a
SNACK Request PDU.
a) BHS of the SNACK Request PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
11.3.15 Reject
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
Reject PDU.
a) BHS of the Reject PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorReject: that defines the iSCSI Reject buffer
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11.3.16 NOP-Out
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
NOP-Out PDU.
a) BHS of the NOP-Out PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorNOPOut: that defines the iSCSI Ping data
buffer
11.3.17 NOP-In
The Send_Control Operational Primitive with the following
input qualifiers is used for requesting the transmission of a
NOP-In PDU.
a) BHS of the NOP-In PDU as defined in [RFC3720]
b) DataDescriptorNOPIn: that defines the iSCSI Return Ping
data buffer
11.4 Interactions for receiving an iSCSI PDU
The only PDUs that are received by an iSCSI layer operating
on a Datamover layer are the iSCSI control-type PDUs. The
Datamover layer delivers the iSCSI control-type PDUs as they
arrive, qualifying each with the Connection_Handle (see
section 7.3) that identifies the iSCSI connection the PDU is
meant for. The subsequent processing of the iSCSI control-
type PDUs proceeds as defined in [RFC3720].
11.4.1 SCSI Command
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a SCSI Command PDU.
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11.4.2 SCSI Response
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a SCSI Response PDU.
11.4.3 Task Management Function Request
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a Task Management Function Request
PDU.
11.4.4 Task Management Function Response
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a Task Management Function Response
PDU.
11.4.5 SCSI Data-out & SCSI Data-in
11.4.5.1 SCSI Data-out
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the iSCSI layer of the arrival of a SCSI Data-out
PDU carrying the non-immediate unsolicited data. Note
however that the solicited SCSI Data-out arriving on the
target is not notified to the iSCSI layer using the
Control_Notify Primitive because the solicited SCSI Data-out
was not sent by the initiator iSCSI layer as control-type
PDUs.
11.4.5.2 SCSI Data-in
The arrival of the SCSI Data-in is not notified to the iSCSI
layer by the Datamover layer at the initiator, because SCSI
Data-in is an iSCSI data-type PDU (see section 7.1). The
iSCSI layer at the initiator however may infer the arrival of
the SCSI Data-in when it receives a subsequent notification
of the SCSI Response PDU via a Control_Notify invocation.
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While this document does not contemplate the possibility of a
Data-in PDU being received at the initiator iSCSI layer,
specific Datamover protocols may define how to deal with an
unexpected inbound SCSI Data-in PDU that may result in the
initiator iSCSI layer receiving the Data-in PDU. This
document leaves the details of handling this error scenario
to the specific Datamover protocols, so each may define the
appropriate error handling specific to the Datamover
environment.
11.4.6 Ready To Transfer (R2T)
Because an R2T PDU is an iSCSI data-type PDU (see section
7.1) that is not delivered as-is to the initiator iSCSI
layer, the arrival of an R2T PDU is not notified to the iSCSI
layer by the Datamover layer. When an iSCSI node sends an
R2T PDU to its local Datamover layer, the local and remote
Datamover layers transparently bring about the data transfer
requested by the R2T PDU.
While this document does not contemplate the possibility of
an R2T PDU being received at the initiator iSCSI layer,
specific Datamover protocols may define how to deal with an
unexpected inbound R2T PDU that may result in the initiator
iSCSI layer receiving the R2T PDU. This document leaves the
details of handling this error scenario to the specific
Datamover protocols, so each may define the appropriate error
handling specific to the Datamover environment.
11.4.7 Asynchronous Message
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of an Asynchronous Message PDU.
11.4.8 Text Request
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a Text Request PDU.
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11.4.9 Text Response
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a Text Response PDU.
11.4.10 Login Request
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the target iSCSI layer of the arrival of a Login
Request PDU. Note that specific Datamover protocols may
choose to disallow the standard DA Primitives from being used
for the iSCSI Login phase. When used in conjunction with
such Datamover protocols, the arrival of a Login Request
necessitating the Control_Notify Operational Primitive
invocation is clearly an error scenario, as the Login Request
PDU is arriving in the iSCSI full feature phase. It is
outside the scope of this document to specify the resulting
implementation behavior in this case - [RFC3720] already
defines the error handling in this error scenario.
11.4.11 Login Response
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the initiator iSCSI layer of the arrival of a Login
Response PDU. Note that specific Datamover protocols may
choose to disallow the standard DA Primitives from being used
for the iSCSI Login phase. When used in conjunction with
such Datamover protocols, the arrival of a Login Response
necessitating the Control_Notify Operational Primitive
invocation is clearly an error scenario, as the Login
Response PDU is arriving in the iSCSI full feature phase. It
is outside the scope of this document to specify the
resulting implementation behavior in this case - [RFC3720]
already defines the error handling in this error scenario.
11.4.12 Logout Command
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a Logout Command PDU.
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11.4.13 Logout Response
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a Logout Response PDU.
11.4.14 SNACK Request
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a SNACK Request PDU.
11.4.15 Reject
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a Reject PDU.
11.4.16 NOP-Out
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a NOP-Out PDU.
11.4.17 NOP-In
The Control_Notify Operational Primitive is used for
notifying the arrival of a NOP-In PDU.
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12 Security Considerations
In view of the fact that DA does not define any new wire
protocol nor propose modifications to the existing protocols,
there are no additional security considerations in employing
DA, in addition to that of using the iSCSI protocol itself.
Any additional security considerations resulting from the use
of any Datamover protocol must be identified by the specific
Datamover protocol specification as appropriate.
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13 IANA Considerations
If a well-known port is chosen as the mechanism to identify a
Datamover protocol on TCP, the well-known port must be
registered with IANA. Because the use of the well-known port
is specific to the Datamover protocol in such a case, the
resulting IANA considerations from such use must be specified
by the specific Datamover protocol. DA itself does not have
any specific IANA considerations.
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14 References and Bibliography
14.1 Normative References
[RFC3720] J. Satran, K. Meth, C. Sapuntzakis, M. Chadalapaka,
E. Zeidner, "Internet Small Computer Systems Interface
(iSCSI)", RFC 3720, April 2004.
14.2 Informative References
[DDP] H. Shah et al., "Direct Data Placement over Reliable
Transports", IETF Internet Draft draft-ietf-rddp-ddp-
00.txt (work in progress), February 2003.
[iSER] M. Ko et al., "iSCSI Extensions for RDMA", IETF
Internet Draft draft-ko-iwarp-iser-02.txt (work in
progress), July 2004.
[MPA] P. Culley et al., "Marker PDU Aligned Framing for TCP
Specification", IETF Internet Draft draft-culley-iwarp-
mpa-02.txt (work in progress), February 2003.
[RDMAP] R. Recio et al., "An RDMA Protocol Specification",
IETF Internet Draft draft-ietf-rddp-rdmap-00.txt (work in
progress), February 2003.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S. "Key Words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[SAM] ANSI X3.270-1998, SCSI-3 Architecture Model (SAM).
[SCTP] R. Stewart et al., "Stream Control Transmission
Protocol", RFC 2960, October 2000.
[SPC3]T10/1416-D, SCSI Primary Commands-3.
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15 Authors' Addresses
Mallikarjun Chadalapaka
Hewlett-Packard Company
8000 Foothills Blvd.
Roseville, CA 95747-5668, USA
Phone: +1-916-785-5621
E-mail: cbm@rose.hp.com
John L. Hufferd
IBM
San Jose CA, USA
Phone: +1-408-256-0403
E-mail: hufferd@us.ibm.com
Julian Satran
IBM, Haifa Research Lab
Haifa University Campus - Mount Carmel
Haifa 31905, Israel
Phone +972-4-829-6264
E-mail: Julian_Satran@il.ibm.com
Hemal Shah
Intel Corporation
MS PTL1
1501 South Mopac Expressway, #400
Austin, TX 78746 USA
Phone: +1 (512) 732-3963
Email: hemal.shah@intel.com
Comments may be sent to Mallikarjun Chadalapaka.
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16 Acknowledgements
The IPS Working group in the Transport Area of IETF is
responsible for defining the iSCSI protocol (apart from a
host of other relevant IP Storage protocols). The authors
are grateful to the entire working group, whose work allowed
this document to build on the concepts and details of the
iSCSI protocol.
In addition, the following individuals had reviewed and
contributed to the improvement of this document. The authors
are grateful for their contribution.
John Carrier
Adaptec, Inc.
691 S. Milpitas Blvd.
Milpitas, CA 95035 USA
Phone: +1 (360) 378-8526
Email: john_carrier@adaptec.com
Hari Ghadia
Adaptec, Inc.
691 S. Milpitas Blvd.,
Milpitas, CA 95035 USA
Phone: +1 (408) 957-5608
Email: hari_ghadia@adaptec.com
Hari Mudaliar
Adaptec, Inc.
691 S. Milpitas Blvd.,
Milpitas, CA 95035 USA
Phone: +1 (408) 957-6012
Email: hari_mudaliar@adaptec.com
Patricia Thaler
Agilent Technologies, Inc.
1101 Creekside Ridge Drive, #100
M/S-RG10
Roseville, CA 95678
Phone: +1-916-788-5662
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email: pat_thaler@agilent.com
Uri Elzur
Broadcom Corporation
16215 Alton Parkway
Irvine, California 92619-7013 USA
Phone: +1 (949) 585-6432
Email: Uri@Broadcom.com
Mike Penna
Broadcom Corporation
16215 Alton Parkway
Irvine, California 92619-7013 USA
Phone: +1 (949) 926-7149
Email: MPenna@Broadcom.com
Ted Compton
EMC Corporation
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
Phone: 919-248-6075
Email: compton_ted@emc.com
Dwight Barron
Hewlett-Packard Company
20555 SH 249
Houston, TX 77070-2698 USA
Phone: +1 (281) 514-2769
Email: Dwight.Barron@Hp.com
Paul R. Culley
Hewlett-Packard Company
20555 SH 249
Houston, TX 77070-2698 USA
Phone: +1 (281) 514-5543
Email: paul.culley@hp.com
Dave Garcia
Hewlett-Packard Company
19333 Vallco Parkway
Cupertino, Ca. 95014 USA
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Phone: +1 (408) 285-6116
Email: dave.garcia@hp.com
Randy Haagens
Hewlett-Packard Company
8000 Foothills Blvd, MS 5668
Roseville CA
Phone: +1-916-785-4578
email: randy_haagens@hp.com
Jeff Hilland
Hewlett-Packard Company
20555 SH 249
Houston, Tx. 77070-2698 USA
Phone: +1 (281) 514-9489
Email: jeff.hilland@hp.com
Mike Krause
Hewlett-Packard Company, 43LN
19410 Homestead Road
Cupertino, CA 95014 USA
Phone: +1 (408) 447-3191
Email: krause@cup.hp.com
Jim Wendt
Hewlett-Packard Company
8000 Foothills Blvd, MS 5668
Roseville CA
Phone: +1-916-785-5198
email: jim_wendt@hp.com
Mike Ko
IBM
650 Harry Rd.
San Jose, CA 95120
Phone: +1 (408) 927-2085
Email: mako@us.ibm.com
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Renato Recio
IBM Corporation
11501 Burnett Road
Austin, TX 78758 USA
Phone: +1 (512) 838-1365
Email: recio@us.ibm.com
Howard C. Herbert
Intel Corporation
MS CH7-404
5000 West Chandler Blvd.
Chandler, AZ 85226 USA
Phone: +1 (480) 554-3116
Email: howard.c.herbert@intel.com
Dave Minturn
Intel Corporation
MS JF1-210
5200 North East Elam Young Parkway
Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA
Phone: +1 (503) 712-4106
Email: dave.b.minturn@intel.com
James Pinkerton
Microsoft Corporation
One Microsoft Way
Redmond, WA 98052 USA
Phone: +1 (425) 705-5442
Email: jpink@microsoft.com
Tom Talpey
Network Appliance
375 Totten Pond Road
Waltham, MA 02451 USA
Phone: +1 (781) 768-5329
EMail: thomas.talpey@netapp.com
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17 Appendix
17.1 Design considerations for a Datamover protocol
This section discusses the specific considerations for RDMA-
based and RDDP-based Datamover protocols, and is only
informational.
a) Note that the modeling of interactions for SCSI Data-Out
(section 11.3.5.1) is only used for unsolicited data
transfer.
b) The modeling of interactions for SNACK (section 11.3.14,
and section 11.4.14) is not expected to be used given that
one of the design requirements on the Datamover is that it
"guarantees an error-free, reliable, in-order transport
mechanism" (section 8). The interactions for sending and
receiving a SNACK are nevertheless modeled in this document
because the receiving iSCSI layer can deterministically
deal with an inadvertent SNACK. This also shows the DA
designers' intent that DI is not meant to filter certain
types of PDUs.
c) The onus is on a reliable Datamover (per requirements
stated in section 8) to realize end-to-end data
acknowledgements via Datamover-specific means. In view of
this, even data-ACK-type SNACKs are unnecessary to be used.
Consequently, an initiator may never request sending a
SNACK Request in this model assuming that the proactive
(timeout-driven) SNACK functionality is turned off in the
legacy iSCSI code.
d) Note that the current DA model for bootstrapping a
Connection_Handle into service ¡ i.e. associating a new
iSCSI connection with a Connection_Handle ¡ clearly implies
that the iSCSI connection must already be in full feature
phase when the Datamover layer comes into the stack. This
further implies that the iSCSI login phase must be carried
out in the traditional "Byte streaming mode" with no
assistance or involvement from the Datamover layer.
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17.2 Examples of Datamover interactions
The figures described in this section provide some examples
of the usage of Operational Primitives in interactions
between the iSCSI layer and the Datamover layer. The
following abbreviations are used in this section.
Avail ¡ Available
Abted - Aborted
Buf ¡ I/O Buffer
Cmd ¡ Command
Compl ¡ Complete
Conn - Connection
Ctrl_Ntfy ¡ Control_Notify
Dal_Tk_Res ¡ Deallocate_Task_Resources
Data_Cmp_Nfy ¡ Data_Completion_Notify
Data_ACK_Nfy ¡ Data_ACK_Notify
DM ¡ Datamover
Imm - Immediate
Snd_Ctrl ¡ Send_Control
Msg ¡ Message
Resp ¡ Response
Sol ¡ Solicited
TMF Req ¡ Task Management Function Request
TMF Res ¡ Task Management Function Response
Trans ¡ Transfer
Unsol ¡ Unsolicited
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| | Allocate_Connection_Resources | D | ^
| |------------------------------->| a | |
| | Connection resources are | t | |
| i | successfully allocated | a | | iSCSI
| S | | m | | Login
| C | | o | | Phase
| S | | v | |
| I | | e | |
| | | r | | Login Phase
| L | Final Login Response (success) v succeeds
| a |<----------------------------------------^
| y | | L | | iSCSI
| e | Enable_Datamover | a | | Full
| r |------------------------------->| y | | Feature
| | Datamover is enabled | e | | Phase
| | | r | |
| | Full Feature Phase | | |
| | control and data Transfer | | v
Figure 2 A successful iSCSI login on initiator
| | Notice_Key_Values | | |
| |------------------------------->| | |
| | Datamover layer is notified | | |
| | of the negotiated key values | | |
| | | | |
| | Allocate_Connection_Resources | | |
| |------------------------------->| D | |
| | Connection resources are | a | |
| i | successfully allocated | t | | iSCSI
| S | | a | | Login
| C | | m |Final | Phase
| S | | o |Login |
| I |Enable_Datamover(Login Response)| v |Resp |
| |------------------------------->| e |---->vLogin Phase
| L | Datamover is enabled | r | ^ succeeds
| a | | | |
| y | | L | | iSCSI
| e | | a | | Full
| r | | y | | Feature
| | | e | | Phase
| | Full Feature Phase | r | |
| | control and data Transfer | | |
| | | | v
Figure 3 A successful iSCSI login on target
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| | Allocate_Connection_Resources | D | ^
| |------------------------------->| a | |
| | Connection resources are | t | |
| i | successfully allocated | a | | iSCSI
| S | | m | | Login
| C | | o | | Phase
| S | | v | |
| I | | e | |
| | | r | | Login
| | | | | Phase
| L | Final Login Response (failure) v fails
| a |<------------------------------------------
| y | | L |
| e | Deallocate_Connection_Resources| a |
| r |------------------------------->| y |
| | Datamover-specific | e |
| | connection resources freed | r |
| | | |
| |
| | Connection terminated by standard means
| |--------------------------------------------->
Figure 4 A failed iSCSI login on initiator
| | Allocate_Connection_Resources | D | ^
| |------------------------------->| a | |
| | Connection resources are | t | |
| i | successfully allocated | a | | iSCSI
| S | | m | | Login
| C | | o | | Phase
| S | | v | |
| I | | e | |
| | | r | | Login
| | | | | Phase
| L | Final Login Response (failure) v fails
| a |---------------------------------------------->
| y | | L |
| e | Deallocate_Connection_Resources| a |
| r |------------------------------->| y |
| | Datamover-specific | e |
| | connection resources freed | r |
| | | |
| |
| | Connection terminated by standard means
| |-------------------------------------------->
Figure 5 A failed iSCSI login on target
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| | Allocate_Connection_Resources | D | ^
| |------------------------------->| a | |
| | Connection resources are | t | |
| i | successfully allocated | a | | iSCSI
| S | | m | | Login
| C | | o | | Phase
| S | | v | |
| I | | e | |
| | | r | |
| L | Login non-Final Request/Response |
| a |<-----------------------------------------|
| y | iSCSI layer decides not to | L | |
| e | enable Datamover for this | a | |
| r | connection | y | |
| | | e | |
| | Deallocate_Connection_Resources| r | |
| |------------------------------->| | |
| | All Datamover-specific | | |
| | resources deallocated | | |
| | | | | Login
| | | | | Phase
| | | continues
| | Regular Login negotiation continues |
| |<---------------------------------------->|
| | .
| | .
| | .
Figure 6 iSCSI does not enable the Datamover
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| | | | ^
| | Full Feature Phase Control & | | |
| | Data Transfer Using DM | D | | iSCSI
| | | a | | Full Feature
| i | | t | | Phase
| S | | a | | (DM Enabled)
| C | | m | |
| S | Successful iSCSI Logout | o | |
| I | | v | v
| | Connection_Terminate | e |
| L |------------------------------->| r |
| a | Connection is terminated | |
| y | Datamover-specific resources | L | Transport
| e | deallocated, both connection | a | Connection
| r | level & task level | y | is terminated
| | | e |
| | | r |
| | | |
| | | |
Figure 7 A normal iSCSI connection termination
| | | | ^
| | Full Feature Phase Control & | D | | iSCSI
| | Data Transfer Using DM | a | | Full Feature
| i | | t | | Phase
| S | | a | | (DM Enabled)
| C | | m | v
| S | | o |<--Transport
| I | Datamover-specific resources | v | Connection
| | deallocated, both connection | e | Terminated (e.g.
| L | level & task level | r | unexpected
| a | | | FIN/RESET)
| y | | L |
| e | Connection_Terminate_Notify | a |
| r |<-------------------------------| y |
| | | e |
| | | r |
| | | |
Figure 8 An abnormal iSCSI connection termination
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<-----Initiator-----> <-------Target------->
| | | | DM Msg holding | | | |
SCSI | | | | SCSI Cmd PDU & | | | |SCSI
Cmd | | Snd_Ctrl | |Unsol Imm Data | |Ctrl_Notify | |Cmd
---->| |--------->| |--------------->| |----------->| |--->
| | | | | | | |
| | | | DM Msg holding | | | |
| | Snd_Ctrl | |SCSI Dataout PDU| |Ctrl_Notify | |
| |--------->| |--------------->| |----------->| |
| | . | | . | | . | |Unsol
| | . | D| . | D| . | |Data
| | . | a| DM Msg holding | a| . | |Trans
| i| Snd_Ctrl | t|SCSI Dataout PDU| t|Ctrl_Notify | i|
| S|--------->| a|--------------->| a|----------->| S|
| C| | m| | m| | C|Buf
| S| | o| | o| | S|Avail
| I| | v| | v| Get_Data | I|(R2T)
| | | e|----------------| e|<-----------| |<----
| L| | r||Solicited Data | r| | L| .
| a| | || Transfer | | | a| .
| y| | L|--------------->| L| . | y|Buf
| e| | a| . | a| . | e|Avail
| r| | y| . | y| Get_Data | r|(R2T)
| | | e|----------------| e|<-----------| |<----
| | | r||Solicited Data | r| | |
| | | || Transfer | | | |
| | | |--------------->| |Data_Cmp_Nfy| |Data
| | | | | |----------->| |Trans
| | | | | | | |Compl
| | | | DM Msg holding | | | |
SCSI | | | |SCSI Resp PDU & | | | |SCSI
Resp | |Ctrl_Ntfy | | Sense Data | | Snd_Ctrl | |Resp
<----| |<---------| |<---------------| |<-----------| |<----
| | | | | | | |
Figure 9 A SCSI Write data transfer
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<-----Initiator-----> <-------Target------->
| | | | | | | |
SCSI | | | | DM Msg holding | | | |SCSI
Cmd | | Snd_Ctrl | | SCSI Cmd PDU | |Ctrl_Notify | |Cmd
---->| |--------->| |--------------->| |----------->| |--->
| | | | | | | |
| | | D| SCSI Read | D| | |Buf
| | | a| Data Transfer | a| Put_Data | |Avail
| i| | t|<---------------| t|<-----------| i|<----
| S| | a| . | a| . | S| .
| C| | m| . | m| . | C| .
| S| | o| . | o| . | S| .
| I| | v| SCSI Read | v| . | I|Buf
| | | e| Data Transfer | e| Put_Data | |Avail
| L| | r|<---------------| r|<-----------| L|<----
| a| | | | | | a|
| y| | L| | L| | y|
| e| | a| | a|Data_Cmp_Nfy| e|Data
| r| | y| | y|----------->| r|Trans
| | | e| | e| | |Compl
| | | r| DM Msg holding | r| | |
SCSI | | | |SCSI Resp PDU & | | | |SCSI
Resp | |Ctrl_Ntfy | | Sense Data | | Snd_Ctrl | |Resp
<----| |<---------| |<---------------| |<-----------| |<----
| | | | | | | |
Figure 10 A SCSI Read data transfer
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<-----Initiator-----> <-------Target------->
| | | | | | | |
SCSI | | | | DM Msg holding | | | |SCSI
Cmd | | Snd_Ctrl | | SCSI Cmd PDU | |Ctrl_Notify | |Cmd
---->| |--------->| |--------------->| |----------->| |---->
| | | | | | | |
| | | D| SCSI Read | D| Put_Data | |Buf
| | | a| Data Transfer | a|Data_in.A=1 | |Avail
| i| | t|<---------------| t|<-----------| i|<----
| S| | a| . | a| . | S| .
| C| | m| . | m|Data_ACK_Nfy| C| .
| S| | o| | o|----------->| S| .
| I| | v| | v| . | I|
| | | e| | e| . | |
| L| | r| | r| | L|
| a| | | | | | a|
| y| | L| | L| | y|
| e| | a| | a| | e|Data
| r| | y| | y| | r|Trans
| | | e| | e| | |Compl
| | | r| DM Msg holding | r| | |
SCSI | | | |SCSI Resp PDU & | | | |SCSI
Resp | |Ctrl_Ntfy | | Sense Data | | Snd_Ctrl | |Resp
<----| |<---------| |<---------------| |<-----------| |<----
| | | | | | | |
Figure 11 A SCSI Read data acknowledgement
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<-----Initiator-----> <-------Target------->
| | | | | | | |
SCSI | | | | DM Msg holding | | | |SCSI
Cmd | | Snd_Ctrl | | SCSI Cmd PDU | |Ctrl_Notify | |Cmd
---->| |--------->| |--------------->| |----------->| |---->
| | | | | | | |
| | | D| SCSI Read | D| | |Buf
| | | a| Data Transfer | a| Put_Data | |Avail
| i| | t|<---------------| t|<-----------| i|<----
| S| | a| . | a| . | S| .
Abort| C| | m| DM Msg holding | m| . | C|Abort
Task | S| Snd_Ctrl | o| Abort TMF Req | o|Ctrl_Notify | S|Task
---->| I|--------->| v|--------------->| v|----------->| I|---->
| | | e| . | e| . | |
Abort| L| | r| DM Msg holding| r| | L| .
Done | a|Ctrl_Ntfy | | Abort TMF Res| | Snd_Ctrl | |Abted
<----| y|<---------| L|<---------------| L|<-----------| y|<----
| e| | a| | a| | e|
| r| | y| | y| | r|
| | | e| | e| | |
| | | r| | r| | |
| | | | | | | |
| |Dal_Tk_Res| | | |Dal_Tk_Res | |
| |--------->| | | |<-----------| |
| | | | | | | |
Figure 12 Task resource cleanup on abort
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18 Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). This document is
subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in
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This document and the information contained herein are
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DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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19 Intellectual Property Statement
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