One document matched: draft-bernardos-mext-dmm-pmip-00.txt

MEXT Working Group                                         CJ. Bernardos
Internet-Draft                                            A. de la Oliva
Intended status: Informational                                      UC3M
Expires: January 5, 2012                                        F. Giust
                                                 IMDEA Networks and UC3M
                                                                T. Melia
                                                          Alcatel-Lucent
                                                            July 4, 2011


      A PMIPv6-based solution for Distributed Mobility Management
                    draft-bernardos-mext-dmm-pmip-00

Abstract

   The number of mobile users and their traffic demand is expected to be
   ever-increasing in future years, and this growth can represent a
   limitation for deploying current mobility management schemes that are
   intrinsically centralized, e.g., Mobile IPv6 and Proxy MIPv6.  For
   this reason it has been waved a need for distributed and dyanimic
   mobility management approaches, with the objective of reducing
   operators' burdens, evolving to a cheaper and more efficient
   architecture.

   This draft describes a solution to distribute the data forwarding
   plane on Proxy Mobile IPv6 domains, thus trying to overcome the
   suboptimal data path introduced when the LMA must be traversed.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 5, 2012.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the



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   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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   described in the Simplified BSD License.


Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
   2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
   3.  Description of the solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
   4.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
   6.  Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
   7.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
     7.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
     7.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6


























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1.  Introduction

   Current IP mobility solutions, standardized with the names of Mobile
   IPv6 [RFC3775], or Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213], just to cite the two
   most relevant examples, offer mobility support at the cost of
   handling operations at a cardinal point, the mobility anchor, and
   burdening it with data forwarding and control mechanisms for a great
   amount of users.  As stated in [I-D.chan-distributed-mobility-ps],
   centralized mobility solutions are prone to several problems and
   limitations: longer (sub-optimal) routing paths, scalability
   problems, signaling overhead (and most likely a longer associated
   handover latency), more complex network deployment, higher
   vulnerability due to the existence of a potential single point of
   failure, and lack of granularity on the mobility management service
   (i.e., mobility is offered on a per-node basis, not being possible to
   define finer granularity policies, as for example per-application).

   There are basically two main approaches being researched now: one
   aimed at making Mobile IPv6 work in a distributed way (a complete
   solution can be found in [I-D.bernardos-mext-dmm-cmip]), and another
   one doing the same exercise for Proxy Mobile IPv6.  In this draft we
   describe a solution to achieve a DMM behavior for network-based
   mobility support (i.e., inspired by PMIPv6).  This document is based
   on a research paper of the same authors, currently under submission,
   called "A Network-based Localized Mobility Solution for Distributed
   Mobility Management" [Net-basedDMM].


2.  Terminology

   The following terms used in this document are defined in the Proxy
   Mobile IPv6 specification [RFC5213]:

      Local Mobility Anchor (LMA)

      Mobile Access Gateway (MAG)

      Mobile Node (MN)

      Biniding Cache Entry (BCE)

      Proxy Care-of Address (P-CoA)

      Proxy Binding Update (PBU)

      Proxy Binding Acknowledgement (PBA)

   The following terms are defined and used in this document:



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   MAAR (Mobility Anchor and Access Router).  First hop routers where
      the mobile nodes attach to.  They also play the role of mobility
      managers for the IPv6 prefixes they anchor.

   CMD (Central Mobility Databese).  Node that stores the BCEs for the
      MNs in the mobility domain.

   A-MAAR (Anchor MAAR).  MAAR which was previously visited by the MN
      and is still involved in an active flow using an IPv6 prefix it
      has advertised to the MN (i.e., MAAR where that IPv6 prefix is
      anchored).

   S-MAAR (Serving MAAR).  MAAR which the MN is currently attached to.


3.  Description of the solution

   The purpose of Distributed Mobility Management approaches is to
   overcome the limitations of the traditional centralized mobility
   management by bringing the mobility anchor closer to the MN.
   Following this idea, in our proposal the central anchor is moved to
   the edge of the network, being deployed in the default gateway of the
   mobile node.  That is, the first elements that provide IP
   connectivity to a set of MNs are also the mobility managers for those
   MNs.  In the following we will call these Mobility Anchor and Access
   Routers (MAARs).  However, MAARs leverage on the Central Mobility
   Database (CMD) to access and update information related to the MNs'
   mobility sessions, thus maintaing a global view on the status of the
   network stored in a centralized node.

   Upon the MN's attachment to a MAAR, say MAAR1, an IPv6 global prefix
   belonging to the MAAR's prefix pool is reserved for it (Pref1).  The
   prefix is sent in a PBU with the MN's Identifier (MN-ID) to the CMD,
   which, since the session is new, stores a Binding Cache Entry
   containing as main fields the MN-ID, the MN's prefix and MAAR1's
   address as Proxy-CoA.  The CMD replies to MAAR1 with a PBA indicating
   that the MN's registration is fresh and no past status is available.
   MAAR1 sends a Router Advertisement (RA) to the MN including the
   prefix reserved before, that can be used by the MN to configure an
   IPv6 address (e.g., with stateless auto-configuration).  The address
   is routable at the MAAR, in the sense that it is on the path of
   packets addressed to the MN.

   When the MN moves from its current access, it associates to MAAR2
   (now the S-MAAR), which delegates another IPv6 prefix (Pref2) and
   sends it to the CMD for registration.  The CMD has already an entry
   for the MN, binding the MN-ID to its former location; thus, it
   forwards the PBU to the MAAR indicated as Proxy CoA, in this case



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   MAAR1 (now the A-MAAR), and it updates the P-CoA field with the
   S-MAAR's address.  Upon PBU reception, MAAR1 replies to the CMD with
   a PBA to ensure that the new location has successfully changed,
   containing the prefix anchored at MAAR1.  The CMD updates the BCE
   adding the P-MAAR address in the list of old P-CoAs and forwards the
   PBA to the new S-MAAR, containing the previous Proxy-CoA, so that a
   tunnel can be established between the two MAARs to recover the
   flow(s).

   Now packets destined to Pref1 are first received by MAAR1,
   encapsulated into the tunnel and forwarded to MAAR2, which finally
   delivers them to their destination.  In uplink, when the MN transmits
   packets using Pref1 for the source address, they are sent to MAAR2,
   as it is MN's new default gateway, then tunneled to MAAR1 which
   routes them towards the next hop to destination.  Conversely, packets
   carrying Pref2 are routed by MAAR2 without any special packet
   handling both for uplink an downlink.

   For next MN's movements the process is repeated except for the number
   of P-MAARs involved, that rises accordingly to the number of prefixes
   that the MN wishes to maintain.  Indeed, once the CMD receives the
   first PBU from the new S-MAAR, it forwards copies ot the PBU to all
   the A-MAARs indicated in the BCE as current P-CoA (i.e., the MAAR
   prior to handover) and old P-CoAs.  They reply with a PBA to the CMD,
   which aggregates them into a single one to notify the S-MAAR, that
   finally can establish the tunnels with the A-MAARs.  It should be
   noted that this design separates the mobility management at the
   prefix granularity, and it can be tuned in order to erase old
   mobility sessions when not required, while the MN is reachable
   through the latest prefix acquired.  Moreover, the latency associated
   to the mobility upadate is bound to the PBA sent by the furthest
   A-MAAR, that takes the longest time to reach the CMD.  The drawback
   can be mitigated introducing a timeout at the CMD, by which, after
   its expiration, all the PBAs so far collected are transmitted, and
   the remaining are sent later upon their arrival.


4.  IANA Considerations

   TBD.


5.  Security Considerations

   TBD






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6.  Acknowledgments

   The research leading to these results has received funding from the
   European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ICT-2009-5)
   under grant agreement n. 258053 (MEDIEVAL project).  The work of
   Carlos J. Bernardos has also been partially supported by the Ministry
   of Science and Innovation of Spain under the QUARTET project
   (TIN2009-13992-C02-01).


7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [RFC3775]  Johnson, D., Perkins, C., and J. Arkko, "Mobility Support
              in IPv6", RFC 3775, June 2004.

   [RFC5213]  Gundavelli, S., Leung, K., Devarapalli, V., Chowdhury, K.,
              and B. Patil, "Proxy Mobile IPv6", RFC 5213, August 2008.

7.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.bernardos-mext-dmm-cmip]
              Bernardos, C. and F. Giust, "A IPv6 Distributed Client
              Mobility Management approach using existing mechanisms",
              draft-bernardos-mext-dmm-cmip-00 (work in progress),
              March 2011.

   [I-D.chan-distributed-mobility-ps]
              Chan, A., "Problem statement for distributed and dynamic
              mobility management",
              draft-chan-distributed-mobility-ps-03 (work in progress),
              July 2011.

   [Net-basedDMM]
              Giust, F., de la Oliva, A., Bernardos, CJ., and RP.
              Ferreira Da Costa, "FA Network-based Localized Mobility
              Solution for Distributed Mobility Management", under
              submission , 2011.












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Authors' Addresses

   Carlos J. Bernardos
   Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
   Av. Universidad, 30
   Leganes, Madrid  28911
   Spain

   Phone: +34 91624 6236
   Email: cjbc@it.uc3m.es
   URI:   http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/


   Antonio de la Oliva
   Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
   Av. Universidad, 30
   Leganes, Madrid  28911
   Spain

   Phone: +34 91624 8803
   Email: aoliva@it.uc3m.es
   URI:   http://www.it.uc3m.es/aoliva/


   Fabio Giust
   Institute IMDEA Networks and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
   Av. del Mar Mediterraneo, 22
   Leganes, Madrid  28918
   Spain

   Phone: +34 91481 6979
   Email: fabio.giust@imdea.org


   Telemaco Melia
   Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs
   Route de Villejust
   Nozay, Ile de France  91620
   France

   Email: telemaco.melia@alcatel-lucent.com










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