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IPDVB Working Group M. Stiemerling
Internet-Draft NEC
Expires: January 1, 2006 June 30, 2005
Problem Statement: IP Address Configuration for IPDVB
draft-stiemerling-ipdvb-config-01
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
Abstract
Future IPDVB networks will require a more powerful IP address
configuration management as it is currently provided in such
networks. Current discussions within the IPDVB working group have
shown that the future usage scenarios and requirements for dynamic
configuration of IP addresses are not yet clear defined. This memo
identifies the problem space for dynamic IP address configuration in
IPDVB networks.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Network Configuration Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 IP configuration available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Complete Bootstrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
7.1 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
7.2 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
A. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 13
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1. Introduction
Future IPDVB networks will require a more powerful IP address
configuration management as it is currently provided in such
networks. Current discussions within the IPDVB working group have
shown that the future usage scenarios and requirements for dynamic
configuration of IP addresses are not yet clear defined. This memo
identifies the problem space, sketches possible future scenarios, and
gives an outlook into related areas. The IP address mapping to Layer
2 identifier, known as IP address resolution, and the reverse way are
out of scope of this memo. This topic is discussed in [5].
The IPDVB working group has defined a new encapsulation scheme to
transport IP over DVB (MPEG2 based) networks, the so-called Ultra-
lightweight Encapsulation [1]. This protocol assumes that IP
addresses have been already assignment to hosts, DVB receivers, and
that hosts are already aware about other networking related
parameters, such as IP gateway, DNS server, etc. Whereas today IP
addresses are statically to those receivers, future deployments may
require a more flexible IP address assignment as known from today's
LAN, for instance, via DHCP [3] [4]. Assigning IP addresses
dynamically opens the space for further auto-configuration of DVB
receivers. information.
This memo is a problem statement only and is intended to start
discussions within the IPDVB working group on how IP addresses and
additional related information can be dynamically configured.
Comments and discussions should be sent to the IPDVB's mailing list
at ipdvb@erg.abdn.ac.uk. The working group charter is available
here: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ipdvb-charter.html.
Section 2 introduces the network configuration for IPDVB networks.
Section 3 describe two scenarios in detail. The document concludes
with Section 4 listing similar areas of interest.
The terminology used throughout this memo is defined in [2]
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2. Network Configuration Scenarios
The basic assumption for IPDVB networks with respect to IP address
configuration is the number of possible receivers (hosts) within a
single IP subnetwork. It is assumed that future IPDVB networks may
extend to 1*10E5 receivers per subnetwork but also may be limited to
10 or less receivers per subnetwork. This possible number of hosts
should be consider when describing scenarios and later the solution.
However, the remainder of this section discusses different network
scenarios with respect to their topology in the Internet and DVB
network. Figure 1 sketches a typical configuration of DVB receivers
with an additional uplink, separated from DVB. This uplink can be,
but is not limited to, ISDN, DSL, or cellular networks based.
,-----.
DVB uplink / DVB \
*########>>#########( Network )
# \ /
+----*------+ `--.--'
| Network | |
| Provider +-<->+ v DVB downlink
+-----------+ | |
| +-----v------+
+-<->--+ DVB |
uplink | Receiver |
+------------+
Figure 1: Basic configuration scenario
The network provider is connected to the DVB network and IP network.
Data from the IP network towards the DVB receiver is transmitted
either over the DVB uplink or the uplink connecting them directly.
Data transmitted via the DVB uplink is transported of the DVB network
and broadcasted to the DVB receivers. The uplink connecting network
provider and DVB receiver can be unidirectional. The scenario
depicted in this figure is well-known for DVB-S based high speed
Internet access with modem or ISDN uplink. This type of installation
is used to replace or substitute DSL deployments in geographical
areas where DSL cannot be provided, for instance.
Figure 2 shows a scenario where the DVB receiver is connected via a
DVB link only and this link is used in a bidirectional way. Such a
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configuration will be used, for instance, on ships while being at sea
and DVB-S is available only. In this configuration all information,
including IP addresses, must be transmitted via the DVB link.
,-----.
DVB link / DVB \
*#######<###>######( Network )
# \ /
+----*------+ `--.--'
| Network | |
| Provider | ^ DVB link
+-----------+ |
v
|
+-----+------+
| DVB |
| Receiver |
+------------+
Figure 2: DVB only configuration scenario
A scenario similar to a today's common usage is the DVB broadcast as
it is shown in Figure 3. The DVB part is an unicast link and all
data is broadcasted to all receivers. This configuration is mainly
used today for TV broadcasts (based on MPEG-2) but can be used to
broadcast IP data to the DVB receivers too. In such case, DVB
receivers do not have the ability to interact with any other entity
to be configured. Address information can be delivered from a
network provider to the receivers by a push mechanism only. However,
a fine-grained IP address configuration per receiver seems to be out
of scope in this case, since configuration of broadcast or multicast
groups is appropriate only.
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,-----.
DVB link / DVB \
*########>>########( Network )
# \ /
+----*------+ `--.--'
| Network | |
| Provider | v DVB link
+-----------+ v
|
+-----+------+
| DVB |
| Receiver |
+------------+
Figure 3: DVB based IP broadcast
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3. Scenarios
3.1 IP configuration available
This section considers scenarios where DVB receivers have IP
addresses already configured, or can obtain these through another way
such as the ISDN uplink in Figure 1, and only configuration of
additional information is required. This address configuration of
DVB receivers, for example, may be either pre-configured by the
service provider or be configured by users. Figure 1 shows such a
configuration example. The DVB receiver will obtain its basic IP
address configuration via the non-DVB uplink (most likely via ISDN
and PPP). This scenario requires additional configuration to be
loaded at the DVB receivers. Possible things to configure:
o IP service information, such as DNS server, proxies, etc
o multicast configuration and routing information
o broadcast configuration ("open bitstream" without any
registration, DVB receivers just receive IP streams)
o security configuration, e.g., keys, policies.
3.2 Complete Bootstrap
Future scenarios can require a complete bootstrap of DVB receivers
without any pre-configuration available on the IP level. Those DVB
receivers may be pre-configured to known a basic DVB configuration,
such as PID assignment for system information tables (SI tables).
Such a receiver would need to retrieve first an IP address and learn
about its IP environment (netmask, IP next hop, ...). Figure 2 shows
such a scenario where a DVB receiver (and transmitter) is installed
aboard a ship and is a gateway between the ship's network and the DVB
network. The complete bootstrap scenario includes the one shown in
Figure 3 too.
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4. Related Work
Configuration of DVB, or more general MPEG2 based, networks is
tackled in several other environments with different prerequisites.
The IP over Cable Data Networks (IPDCN) working group is working in
this area and is specifying several MIB modules with respect to MPEG2
network configuration. DVB itself has defined several mechanism to
configure receivers, such as system information tables (SI tables),
or within MHP.
Configuration of IP hosts is focus of the Network Configuration
(NETCONF) working group, Dynamic Host Configuration (DHC) working
group, and defined in several RFC documents (IPV6 neighbor discovery,
IPv4 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)).
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5. Conclusions
This memo is first attempt to solve the questions on how future IPDVB
networks can deal with dynamic IP address configuration. Open
questions are:
o What are the configuration scenarios?
o What exactly should be configured?
o How to configure?
o Who is in control of the receiver? The operator is in control of
the receiver in the case of MHP. Users running a DVB PC adaptor
have full control over their receiver and network operators
running their routers on DVB network a likely not to give away
control over their equipment.
o Is it right to assume that the network provider and DVB network
operator are the same entity.
During the first discussions at the 61st IETF some differences
between IPDVB and other network configuration techniques have been
noted. The NETCONF approach is made for single router configuration
and is not intended to configure thousands of host at the same time.
IPCDN on the other hand considers 1*10e3 hosts per cable head end to
be configured. IPDVB must consider up to 1*10e5 hosts per segment,
see Section 2. This must be definitely taken into account when
designing a solution.
This memo is neither accurate nor complete at this point of time and
should trigger the discussions within the IPDVB working group.
Feedback about this memo is welcome.
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6. Security Considerations
Security considerations are to be done in future revisions of this
document.
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7. References
7.1 Normative References
[1] Fairhurst, G. and B. Collini-Nocker, "Ultra Lightweight
Encapsulation (ULE) for transmission of IP datagrams over MPEG-
2/DVB networks", draft-fair-ipdvb-ule-02 (work in progress),
November 2003.
[2] Montpetit, M., "A Framework for transmission of IP datagrams
over MPEG-2 Networks", draft-ietf-ipdvb-arch-04 (work in
progress), May 2005.
7.2 Informative References
[3] Droms, R., "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol", RFC 2131,
March 1997.
[4] Droms, R., Bound, J., Volz, B., Lemon, T., Perkins, C., and M.
Carney, "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)",
RFC 3315, July 2003.
[5] Fairhurst, G., "Address Resolution for IP datagrams over MPEG-2
networks", draft-fair-ipdvb-ar-04 (work in progress),
April 2005.
Author's Address
Martin Stiemerling
Network Laboratories, NEC Europe Ltd.
Kurfuersten-Anlage 36
Heidelberg 69115
Germany
Phone: +49 (0) 6221 905 11 13
Email: stiemerling@netlab.nec.de
URI: http://www.stiemerling.org/ipdvb
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Appendix A. Acknowledgments
Parts of this work are a product of the Enthrone project supported in
part by the European Commission under its Sixth Framework Programme.
It is provided as is and without any express or implied warranties,
including, without limitation, the implied warranties of fitness for
a particular purpose. The views and conclusions contained herein are
those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily
representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed
or implied, of the Enthrone project or the European Commission.
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