One document matched: draft-petithuguenin-behave-turn-uris-02.xml
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<?rfc compact="yes" ?>
<?rfc strict="no" ?>
<?rfc symrefs="yes" ?>
<?rfc toc="yes" ?>
<rfc category="std" docName="draft-petithuguenin-behave-turn-uris-02" ipr="noModificationTrust200902">
<front>
<title abbrev="TURN URIs">Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) Uniform Resource Identifiers</title>
<author fullname="Marc Petit-Huguenin" initials="M.P.H" surname="Petit-Huguenin">
<organization>Unaffiliated</organization>
<address>
<email>petithug@acm.org</email>
</address>
</author>
<author fullname="Suhas Nandakumar" initials="S.N." surname="Nandakumar">
<organization>Cisco Systems</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<street>170 West Tasman Drive</street>
<city>San Jose</city>
<region>CA</region>
<code>95134</code>
<country>US</country>
</postal>
<email>snandaku@cisco.com</email>
</address>
</author>
<author fullname="Gonzalo Salgueiro" initials="G.S." surname="Salgueiro">
<organization>Cisco Systems</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<street>7200-12 Kit Creek Road</street>
<city>Research Triangle Park</city>
<region>NC</region>
<code>27709</code>
<country>US</country>
</postal>
<email>gsalguei@cisco.com</email>
</address>
</author>
<author fullname="Paul E. Jones" initials="P.J." surname="Jones">
<organization>Cisco Systems</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<street>7025 Kit Creek Road</street>
<city>Research Triangle Park</city>
<region>NC</region>
<code>27709</code>
<country>US</country>
</postal>
<email>paulej@packetizer.com</email>
</address>
</author>
<date day="13" month="September" year="2012"/>
<area>TSV</area>
<workgroup>BEHAVE</workgroup>
<abstract>
<t>
This document specifies the syntax of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) schemes for the Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) protocol.
It defines two URI schemes that can be used to provision the configuration values needed by the resolution mechanism defined in
<xref target="RFC5928"/>
.
</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<middle>
<section title="Introduction">
<t>This document specifies the syntax and semantics of the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) scheme for the Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) protocol.</t>
<t>
The TURN protocol is a specification allowing hosts behind NAT to control the operation of a relay server.
The relay server allows hosts to exchange packets with its peers.
The peers themselves may also be behind NATs.
<xref target="RFC5766">RFC 5766</xref>
defines the specifics of the TURN protocol.
</t>
<t>
The "turn/turns" URI scheme is used to designate a TURN server (also known as a relay) on Internet hosts accessible using the TURN protocol.
With the advent of standards such as
<xref target="WEBRTC"/>
, we anticipate a plethora of endpoints and web applications to be able to identify and communicate with such a TURN server to carry out the TURN protocol.
This also implies those endpoints and/or applications to be provisioned with appropriate configuration required to identify the TURN server.
Having an inconsistent syntax has its drawbacks and can result in non-interoperable solutions.
It can result in solutions that are ambiguous and have implementation limitations on the different aspects of the syntax and alike.
The "turn/turns" URI scheme helps alleviate most of these issues by providing a consistent way to describe, configure and exchange the information identifying a TURN server.
This would also prevent the shortcomings inherent with encoding similar information in non-uniform syntaxes such as the ones proposed in
<xref target="WEBRTC"/>
, for example.
</t>
<t>
<xref target="RFC5928"/>
defines a resolution mechanism to convert a secure flag, a host name or IP address, an eventually empty port, and an eventually empty transport to a list of IP address, port, and TURN transport tuples.
</t>
<t>To simplify the provisioning of TURN clients, this document defines a TURN and a TURNS URI scheme that can carry the four components needed for the resolution mechanism.</t>
<t>
A
<xref target="REF-IMPL">reference implementation</xref>
is available.
</t>
</section>
<section title="Terminology">
<t>
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
<xref target="RFC2119"/>
.
</t>
<t>"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", and "NOT RECOMMENDED" are appropriate when valid exceptions to a general requirement are known to exist or appear to exist, and it is infeasible or impractical to enumerate all of them.
However, they should not be interpreted as permitting implementors to fail to implement the general requirement when such failure would result in interoperability failure.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="syntax" title="Syntax of a TURN or TURNS URI">
<section anchor="URI_Scheme_Syntax" title="URI Scheme Syntax">
<t>The "turn" URI takes the following form (the syntax below is non-normative):</t>
<t>
<list>
<t>turn:<host>:<port></t>
<t>turns:<host>:<port></t>
</list>
</t>
<t>Note that the <port> part and the preceding ":" (colon) character, is OPTIONAL.</t>
<t>
A TURN/TURNS URI has the following formal ABNF syntax
<xref target="RFC5234"/>
:
</t>
<figure>
<artwork type="abnf"><![CDATA[turnURI = scheme ":" turn-host [ ":" turn-port ]
[ "?transport=" transport ]
scheme = "turn" / "turns"
transport = "udp" / "tcp" / transport-ext
transport-ext = 1*unreserved
turn-host = IP-literal / IPv4address / reg-name
turn-port = *DIGIT
IP-literal = "[" ( IPv6address / IPvFuture ) "]"
IPvFuture = "v" 1*HEXDIG "." 1*( unreserved / sub-delims / ":" )
IPv6address = 6( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ "::" 5( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ [ h16 ] "::" 4( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ [ *1( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 3( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ [ *2( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 2( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ [ *3( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16 ":" ls32
/ [ *4( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" ls32
/ [ *5( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16
/ [ *6( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"
h16 = 1*4HEXDIG
ls32 = ( h16 ":" h16 ) / IPv4address
IPv4address = dec-octet "." dec-octet "." dec-octet "." dec-octet
dec-octet = DIGIT ; 0-9
/ %x31-39 DIGIT ; 10-99
/ "1" 2DIGIT ; 100-199
/ "2" %x30-34 DIGIT ; 200-249
/ "25" %x30-35 ; 250-255
reg-name = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims )]]></artwork>
</figure>
<t>
<unreserved>, <sub-delims>, and <pct-encoded> are specified in
<xref target="RFC3986"/>
.
The core rules <DIGIT> and <HEXDIGIT> are used as described in Appendix B of RFC 5234
<xref target="RFC5234"/>
.
</t>
<t>
The <host>, <port> and <transport> components are passed without modification to the
<xref target="RFC5928"/>
algorithm.
<secure> is set to false if <scheme> is equal to "turn" and set to true if <scheme> is equal to "turns" and passed to the
<xref target="RFC5928"/>
algorithm with the other components.
</t>
</section>
<section anchor="URI_Scheme_Semantics" title="URI Scheme Semantics">
<t>The TURN protocol supports sending messages over UDP, TCP or TLS-over-TCP.
The "turns" URI scheme SHALL be used when TURN is run over TLS-over-TCP (or in the future DTLS-over-UDP) and the "turn" scheme SHALL be used otherwise.</t>
<t>The required <host> part of the "turn" URI denotes the TURN server host.</t>
<t>The <port> part, if present, denotes the port on which the TURN server is awaiting connection requests.
If it is absent, the default port SHALL be 3478 for both UDP and TCP.
The default port for TURN over TLS SHALL be 5349.</t>
</section>
</section>
<section anchor="security" title="Security Considerations">
<t>
Security considerations for the resolution mechanism are discussed in
<xref target="RFC5928"/>
.
</t>
<t>
The "turn" and "turns" URI schemes do not introduce any specific security issues beyond the security considerations discussed in
<xref target="RFC3986"/>
.
</t>
</section>
<section title="IANA Considerations">
<t>
This section contains the registration information for the "turn" and "turns" URI Schemes (in accordance with
<xref target="RFC4395"/>
).
</t>
<section title="TURN URI Registration">
<t>URI scheme name: turn</t>
<t>Status: permanent</t>
<t>
URI scheme syntax: See
<xref target="syntax"/>
.
</t>
<t>
URI scheme semantics: See
<xref target="RFC5928"/>
.
</t>
<t>
Encoding considerations: There are no encoding considerations beyond those in
<xref target="RFC3986"/>
.
</t>
<t>Applications/protocols that use this URI scheme name:</t>
<t>
<list>
<t>The "turn" URI scheme is intended to be used by applications that might need access to a TURN server.</t>
</list>
</t>
<t>Interoperability considerations: N/A</t>
<t>
Security considerations: See
<xref target="security"/>
.
</t>
<t>Contact: Marc Petit-Huguenin <petithug@acm.org></t>
<t>Author/Change controller: The IESG</t>
<t>References: RFCXXXX</t>
<t>[[NOTE TO RFC EDITOR: Please change XXXX to the number assigned to this specification, and remove this paragraph on publication.]]</t>
</section>
<section title="TURNS URI Registration">
<t>URI scheme name: turns</t>
<t>Status: permanent</t>
<t>
URI scheme syntax: See
<xref target="syntax"/>
.
</t>
<t>
URI scheme semantics: See
<xref target="RFC5928"/>
.
</t>
<t>
Encoding considerations: There are no encoding considerations beyond those in
<xref target="RFC3986"/>
.
</t>
<t>Applications/protocols that use this URI scheme name:</t>
<t>
<list>
<t>The "turns" URI scheme is intended to be used by applications that might need access to a TURN server over a secure connection.</t>
</list>
</t>
<t>Interoperability considerations: N/A</t>
<t>
Security considerations: See
<xref target="security"/>
.
</t>
<t>Contact: Marc Petit-Huguenin <petithug@acm.org></t>
<t>Author/Change controller: The IESG</t>
<t>References: RFCXXXX</t>
<t>[[NOTE TO RFC EDITOR: Please change XXXX to the number assigned to this specification, and remove this paragraph on publication.]]</t>
</section>
</section>
<section title="Acknowledgements">
<t>Thanks to Margaret Wasserman, Magnus Westerlund, Juergen Schoenwaelder, Sean Turner, Ted Hardie, Dave Thaler, Alfred E. Heggestad, Eilon Yardeni, Dan Wing, Alfred Hoenes, and Jim Kleck for their comments, suggestions and questions that helped to improve the draft-petithuguenin-behave-turn-uri-bis document.</t>
<t>Many thanks to Cullen Jennings for his detailed review and thoughtful comments on the draft-nandakumar-rtcweb-turn-uri document.</t>
<t>
The <turn-port> and <turn-host> ABNF productions have been copied from the <port> and <host> ABNF productions from
<xref target="RFC3986"/>
.
</t>
</section>
</middle>
<back>
<references title="Normative References">
<reference anchor="RFC2119">
<front>
<title abbrev="RFC Key Words">Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels</title>
<author fullname="Scott Bradner" initials="S." surname="Bradner">
<organization>Harvard University</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<street>1350 Mass. Ave.</street>
<street>Cambridge</street>
<street>MA 02138</street>
</postal>
<phone>- +1 617 495 3864</phone>
<email>sob@harvard.edu</email>
</address>
</author>
<date month="March" year="1997"/>
<area>General</area>
<keyword>keyword</keyword>
<abstract>
<t>
In many standards track documents several words are used to signify
the requirements in the specification. These words are often
capitalized. This document defines these words as they should be
interpreted in IETF documents. Authors who follow these guidelines
should incorporate this phrase near the beginning of their document:
<list>
<t>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL
NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
RFC 2119.</t>
</list>
</t>
<t>Note that the force of these words is modified by the requirement
level of the document in which they are used.</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="BCP" value="14"/>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="2119"/>
<format octets="4723" target="ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2119.txt" type="TXT"/>
<format octets="17491" target="http://xml.resource.org/public/rfc/html/rfc2119.html" type="HTML"/>
<format octets="5777" target="http://xml.resource.org/public/rfc/xml/rfc2119.xml" type="XML"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="RFC3986">
<front>
<title abbrev="URI Generic Syntax">Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax</title>
<author fullname="Tim Berners-Lee" initials="T." surname="Berners-Lee">
<organization abbrev="W3C/MIT">World Wide Web Consortium</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<street>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</street>
<street>77 Massachusetts Avenue</street>
<city>Cambridge</city>
<region>MA</region>
<code>02139</code>
<country>USA</country>
</postal>
<phone>+1-617-253-5702</phone>
<facsimile>+1-617-258-5999</facsimile>
<email>timbl@w3.org</email>
<uri>http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/</uri>
</address>
</author>
<author fullname="Roy T. Fielding" initials="R." surname="Fielding">
<organization abbrev="Day Software">Day Software</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<street>5251 California Ave., Suite 110</street>
<city>Irvine</city>
<region>CA</region>
<code>92617</code>
<country>USA</country>
</postal>
<phone>+1-949-679-2960</phone>
<facsimile>+1-949-679-2972</facsimile>
<email>fielding@gbiv.com</email>
<uri>http://roy.gbiv.com/</uri>
</address>
</author>
<author fullname="Larry Masinter" initials="L." surname="Masinter">
<organization abbrev="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems Incorporated</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<street>345 Park Ave</street>
<city>San Jose</city>
<region>CA</region>
<code>95110</code>
<country>USA</country>
</postal>
<phone>+1-408-536-3024</phone>
<email>LMM@acm.org</email>
<uri>http://larry.masinter.net/</uri>
</address>
</author>
<date month="January" year="2005"/>
<area>Applications</area>
<keyword>uniform resource identifier</keyword>
<keyword>URI</keyword>
<keyword>URL</keyword>
<keyword>URN</keyword>
<keyword>WWW</keyword>
<keyword>resource</keyword>
<abstract>
<t>A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a compact sequence of characters
that identifies an abstract or physical resource. This specification
defines the generic URI syntax and a process for resolving URI references
that might be in relative form, along with guidelines and security
considerations for the use of URIs on the Internet.
The URI syntax defines a grammar that is a superset of all valid URIs,
allowing an implementation to parse the common components of a URI
reference without knowing the scheme-specific requirements of every
possible identifier. This specification does not define a generative
grammar for URIs; that task is performed by the individual
specifications of each URI scheme.</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="STD" value="66"/>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="3986"/>
<format octets="141811" target="ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc3986.txt" type="TXT"/>
<format octets="213584" target="http://xml.resource.org/public/rfc/html/rfc3986.html" type="HTML"/>
<format octets="163534" target="http://xml.resource.org/public/rfc/xml/rfc3986.xml" type="XML"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="RFC5234">
<front>
<title>Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF</title>
<author fullname="D. Crocker" initials="D." surname="Crocker">
<organization/>
</author>
<author fullname="P. Overell" initials="P." surname="Overell">
<organization/>
</author>
<date month="January" year="2008"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="STD" value="68"/>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="5234"/>
<format octets="26359" target="ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc5234.txt" type="TXT"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="RFC5766">
<front>
<title>Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)</title>
<author fullname="R. Mahy" initials="R." surname="Mahy">
<organization/>
</author>
<author fullname="P. Matthews" initials="P." surname="Matthews">
<organization/>
</author>
<author fullname="J. Rosenberg" initials="J." surname="Rosenberg">
<organization/>
</author>
<date month="April" year="2010"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="5766"/>
<format octets="172112" target="ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc5766.txt" type="TXT"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="RFC5928">
<front>
<title>Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) Resolution Mechanism</title>
<author fullname="M. Petit-Huguenin" initials="M." surname="Petit-Huguenin">
<organization/>
</author>
<date month="August" year="2010"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="5928"/>
<format octets="23993" target="ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc5928.txt" type="TXT"/>
</reference>
</references>
<references title="Informative References">
<reference anchor="RFC4395">
<front>
<title>Guidelines and Registration Procedures for New URI Schemes</title>
<author fullname="T. Hansen" initials="T." surname="Hansen">
<organization/>
</author>
<author fullname="T. Hardie" initials="T." surname="Hardie">
<organization/>
</author>
<author fullname="L. Masinter" initials="L." surname="Masinter">
<organization/>
</author>
<date month="February" year="2006"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="BCP" value="35"/>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="4395"/>
<format octets="31933" target="ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc4395.txt" type="TXT"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="WEBRTC" target="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-webrtc-20120821">
<front>
<title>WebRTC 1.0: Real-time Communication Between Browsers</title>
<author fullname="Adam Bergkvist" initials="A." surname="Bergkvist">
<organization/>
</author>
<author fullname="Daniel C. Burnett" initials="D." surname="Burnett">
<organization/>
</author>
<author fullname="Cullen Jennings" initials="C." surname="Jennings">
<organization/>
</author>
<author fullname="Anant Narayanan" initials="A." surname="Narayanan">
<organization/>
</author>
<date day="21" month="August" year="2012"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="World Wide Web Consortium WD" value="WD-webrtc-20120821"/>
<format target="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-webrtc-20120821" type="HTML"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="REF-IMPL">
<front>
<title>Reference Implementation of TURN resolver and TURN URI parser</title>
<author fullname="Marc Petit-Huguenin" initials="MPH" surname="Petit-Huguenin">
<organization/>
</author>
</front>
<annotation>
<eref target="http://debian.implementers.org/stable/source/turnuri.tar.gz"/>
.
</annotation>
</reference>
</references>
<section title="Examples">
<t>
<xref target="examples1"/>
shows how the <secure>, <port> and <transport> components are populated from various URIs.
For all these examples, the <host> component is populated with "example.org".
</t>
<texttable anchor="examples1">
<ttcol>URI</ttcol>
<ttcol><secure></ttcol>
<ttcol><port></ttcol>
<ttcol><transport></ttcol>
<c>turn:example.org</c>
<c>false</c>
<c/>
<c/>
<c>turns:example.org</c>
<c>true</c>
<c/>
<c/>
<c>turn:example.org:8000</c>
<c>false</c>
<c>8000</c>
<c/>
<c>turn:example.org?transport=udp</c>
<c>false</c>
<c/>
<c>UDP</c>
<c>turn:example.org?transport=tcp</c>
<c>false</c>
<c/>
<c>TCP</c>
<c>turns:example.org?transport=tcp</c>
<c>true</c>
<c/>
<c>TLS</c>
</texttable>
</section>
<section title="Release notes">
<t>This section must be removed before publication as an RFC.</t>
<section title="Design Notes">
<t>
<list style="symbols">
<t>One recurring comment was to stop using the suffix "s" on URI scheme, and to move the secure option to a parameter (e.g. ";proto=tls").
We decided against this idea because the STUN URI does not have a ";proto=" parameter and we would have lost the symmetry between the TURN and STUN URIs.
A more detailed account of the reasoning behind this is available at <http://blog.marc.petit-huguenin.org/2012/09/on-design-of-stun-and-turn-uri-formats.html></t>
<t>Following the advice of RFC 4395 section 2.2., and because the TURN URI does not describe a hierarchical structure, the TURN URIs are opaque URIs.</t>
<t><password> is not used in the URIs because it is deprecated.
<username> is not used in the URIs because it is not used to guide the resolution mechanism.</t>
<t>As discussed in Dublin, there is no generic parameters in the URI to prevent compatibity issues.</t>
</list>
</t>
</section>
<!--section title="TODO List">
<t>
<list style="symbols">
<t>
</t>
</list>
</t>
</section-->
<section title="Modifications between petithuguenin-behave-turn-uris-02 and petithuguenin-behave-turn-uris-01">
<t>
<list style="symbols">
<t>Added design note about choice for turn/turns syntax.</t>
</list>
</t>
</section>
</section>
</back>
</rfc>
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