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[/Count -3 /Dest /176 /Title (10. Authentication-Control header) /OUT pdfmark
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[/Count -4 /Dest /180 /Title (11. Authentication Algorithms) /OUT pdfmark
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[/Dest /183 /Title (11.3. Functions for discrete-logarithm settings) /OUT pdfmark
[/Dest /184 /Title (11.4. Functions for elliptic-curve settings) /OUT pdfmark
[/Dest /185 /Title (12. Methods to extend this protocol) /OUT pdfmark
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[/Dest /196 /Title (Appendix A. \(Informative\) Generic syntax of headers) /OUT pdfmark
[/Dest /197 /Title (Appendix B. \(Informative\) Group parameters for discrete-logarithm based algorithms) /OUT pdfmark
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[/Dest /201 /Title (E.1. Changes in revision 08) /OUT pdfmark
[/Dest /202 /Title (E.2. Changes in revision 07) /OUT pdfmark
[/Dest /203 /Title (E.3. Changes in revision 06) /OUT pdfmark
[/Dest /204 /Title (E.4. Changes in revision 05) /OUT pdfmark
[/Dest /205 /Title (E.5. Changes in revision 04) /OUT pdfmark
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3.428267 0 32 0 0 (This document specifies a mutual authentication method for the Hyper-text Transport Protocol) A
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1.42717636 0 32 0 0 (\(HTTP\). This method provides a true mutual authentication between an HTTP client and an HTTP) A
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0.872514188 0 32 0 0 (server using password-based authentication. Unlike the Basic and Digest authentication methods, the) A
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0.794642866 0 32 0 0 (Mutual authentication method specified in this document assures the user that the server truly knows) A
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0.0869140625 0 32 0 0 (the user's encrypted password. This prevents common phishing attacks: a phishing attacker controlling) A
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0.398177087 0 32 0 0 (a fake website cannot convince a user that he authenticated to the genuine website. Furthermore, even) A
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1.0291667 0 32 0 0 (when a user authenticates to an illegitimate server, the server cannot gain any information about the) A
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0.26953125 0 32 0 0 (user's password. The Mutual authentication method is designed as an extension to the HTTP protocol,) A
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0.0888020843 0 32 0 0 (and is intended to replace the existing authentication methods used in HTTP \(the Basic method, Digest) A
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( ) S
(Introduction) S
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1.40198863 0 32 0 0 (This document specifies a mutual authentication method for Hyper-Text Transport Protocl \(HTTP\).) A
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3.13020825 0 32 0 0 (The method, called "Mutual Authentication Protocol" in this document, provides a true mutual) A
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2.5744791 0 32 0 0 (authentication between an HTTP client and an HTTP server, using just a simple password as a) A
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(credential. ) S
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4.390625 0 32 0 0 (The currently available methods for authentication in HTTP and Web systems have several) A
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2.42936206 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC2617] sends a plaintext password to a server) A
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5.24879789 0 32 0 0 (without any protection; the Digest method uses a hash function that suffers from simple) A
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(dictionary-based off-line attacks, and people have begun to think it is obsolete. ) S
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2.0703125 0 32 0 0 (The authentication method proposed in this document solves these problems, substitutes for these) A
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2.88867188 0 32 0 0 (existing methods, and serves as a long-term solution to Web authentication security. It has the) A
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(following main characteristics: ) S
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0.244791672 0 32 0 0 (It provides "true" mutual authentication: in addition to assuring the server that the user knows the) A
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0.257324219 0 32 0 0 (password, it also assures the user that the server truly knows the user's encrypted password at the) A
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4.13392878 0 32 0 0 (same time. It makes it impossible for fake website owners to persuade users that thee) A
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0.953450501 0 32 0 0 (It uses only passwords as the user's credential: unlike public-key-based security algorithms, the) A
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2.08342624 0 32 0 0 (users' computers. The proposed method can be used as a drop-in replacement to the current) A
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0.63671875 0 32 0 0 (It is secure: when the server fails to authenticate with a user, the protocol will not reveal any bit) A
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1.37447917 0 32 0 0 (Users can discriminate between true and fake Web servers using their own passwords by using the) A
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0.822395861 0 32 0 0 (proposed method. Even when a user inputs his/her password to a fake website owned by illegitimate) A
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0.0302083325 0 32 0 0 (phishers, the user will certainly notice that the authentication has failed. Phishers will not be successful) A
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1.67236328 0 32 0 0 (in their authentication attempts, even if they forward the received data from a user to a legitimate) A
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0.693014681 0 32 0 0 (server or vice versa. Users can input sensitive data to the web forms after confirming that the mutual) A
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1.97200525 0 32 0 0 (The document also proposes several extensions to the current HTTP authentication framework, to) A
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0.202824518 0 32 0 0 (replace current widely-used form-based Web authentication. A majority of the recent Web-sites on the) A
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1.26718748 0 32 0 0 (Internet use custom application-layer authentication implementations using Web forms. The reasons) A
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3.65442705 0 32 0 0 (for these may vary, but many people believe that the current HTTP Basic \(and Digest, too\)) A
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0.215169266 0 32 0 0 (authentication method does not have enough functionality \(including a good-feeling user interfaces\) to) A
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0.456430286 0 32 0 0 (support most of realistic Web-based applications. However, the method is very weak against phishing) A
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2.67327 0 32 0 0 (attacks, because the whole behavior of the authentication is controlled from the server side. To) A
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1.48347354 0 32 0 0 (overcome this problem, we need to "modernize" the HTTP authentication framework so that better) A
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0.76171875 0 32 0 0 (client-controlled secure methods can be used with Web applications. The extensions proposed in this) A
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(1.1.) S
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( ) S
(Terminology) S
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2.37011719 0 32 0 0 (The key words "MUST", "MUST\240NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL\240NOT", "SHOULD",) A
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(.) S
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6.61002588 0 32 0 0 (The terms "encouraged" and "advised" are used for suggestions that do not constitute) A
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0.508091509 0 32 0 0 (, but complying with those suggestions would be a best practice; it will improve) A
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(the security, interoperability, and/or operational ) S
(performance.) S
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0.310302734 0 32 0 0 (This document distinguishes the terms "client" and "user" in the following way: A "client" is an entity) A
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0.23401989 0 32 0 0 (understanding and talking HTTP and the specified authentication protocol, usually computer software;) A
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(a "user" is a \(usually natural\) person who wants to access data resources using "a ) S
(client".) S
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(document.) S
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(1.2.) S
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( Document Structure ) S
(Overview) S
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(The entire document is organized as follows: ) S
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( presents an overview of the protocol design. ) S
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3.91045666 0 32 0 0 ( define a general framework of the Mutual authentication protocol. This) A
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0.213867188 0 32 0 0 ( defines an optional extension to the generic HTTP authentication framework, which is) A
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(mostly useful for controlling the behavior of the Web browser for the authentication. ) S
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1.66536462 0 32 0 0 ( defines a few specific cryptographic algorithms to be used with this authentication) A
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(framework. ) S
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(The sections after that contain general normative and informative information about the protocol. ) S
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(The appendices contain some information that may help developers to implement the ) S
(protocol.) S
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(2.) S
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( Protocol ) S
(Overview) S
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0.526884198 0 32 0 0 (The protocol, as a whole, is designed as a natural extension to the ) A
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0.526884198 0 32 0 0 (HTTP ) A
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0.526884198 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC2616] using a) A
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4.68870211 0 32 0 0 (framework defined in ) A
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4.68870211 0 32 0 0 (. Internally, the server and the client will first perform a) A
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4.60847378 0 32 0 0 (cryptographic key exchange, using the secret password as a "tweak" to the exchange. The) A
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1.74348962 0 32 0 0 (key-exchange will only succeed when the secrets used by the both peers are correctly related \(i.e.) A
0 -95 M
3.3248198 0 32 0 0 (generated from the same password\). Then, both peers will verify the authentication results by) A
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0.486816406 0 32 0 0 (confirming the sharing of the exchanged key. This section describes a brief image of the protocol and) A
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(the exchanged messages. ) S
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13 2 Nf
(2.1.) S
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( ) S
(Messages) S
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11 0 Nf
1.71647131 0 32 0 0 (The authentication protocol uses seven kinds of messages to perform mutual authentication. These) A
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(messages have specific names within this specification. ) S
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4.54166651 0 32 0 0 (Authentication request messages: used by the servers to request clients to start mutual) A
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(authentication. ) S
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0.822916687 0 32 0 0 (401-B0 message: a general message to start the authentication protocol. It is also used as a) A
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(message indicating an authentication failure. ) S
33 -260.8 M
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0.259943187 0 32 0 0 (200-Optional-B0 message: a variant of the 401-B0 message indicating that an authentication) A
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(is not mandatory. ) S
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(401-B0-stale message: a message indicating that it has to start a new authentication ) S
(trial.) S
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2.14908862 0 32 0 0 (Authenticated key exchange messages: used by both peers to perform authentication and the) A
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(sharing of a cryptographic secret. ) S
33 -329.8 M
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(req-A1 message: a message sent from the client. ) S
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(401-B1 message: a message sent from the server as a response to a req-A1 ) S
(message.) S
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(Authentication verification messages: used by both peers to verify the authentication results. ) S
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0.998197138 0 32 0 0 (req-A3 message: a message used by the client, requesting that the server authenticates and) A
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(authorizes the client. ) S
33 -399.8 M
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0.424386173 0 32 0 0 (200-B4 message: a successful response used by the server, and also asserting that the server) A
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(is authentic to the client ) S
(simultaneously.) S
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1.87706804 0 32 0 0 (In addition to the above, either a request or a response without any HTTP headers related to this) A
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(specification will be hereafter called a "normal request" or a "normal response", respectively. ) S
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13 2 Nf
(2.2.) S
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( Typical Flows of the ) S
(protocol) S
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11 0 Nf
0.602294922 0 32 0 0 (In typical cases, the client access to a resource protected by the Mutual authentication will follow the) A
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(following protocol ) S
(sequence.) S
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( Client Server) S
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( | |) S
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( | ---- \(1\) normal request ---------> |) S
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( GET / HTTP/1.1 |) S
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( | |) S
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( | <------------------ \(2\) 401-B0 --- |) S
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( | 401 Authentication Required) S
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( | WWW-Authenticate: Mutual realm="a realm") S
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( | |) S
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([user, | |) S
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( pass]-->| |) S
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( | ---- \(3\) req-A1 -----------------> |) S
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( GET / HTTP/1.1 |) S
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( Authorization: Mutual user="john", |--> [user DB]) S
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( wa="...", ... |<-- [user info]) S
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( | |) S
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( | <------------------ \(4\) 401-B1 --- |) S
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( | 401 Authentication Required) S
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( | WWW-Authenticate: Mutual sid=..., wb="...", ...) S
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( | |) S
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( [compute] \(5\) compute session secret [compute]) S
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( | |) S
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( | |) S
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( | ---- \(6\) req-A3 -----------------> |) S
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( GET / HTTP/1.1 |--> [verify \(6\)]) S
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( Authorization: Mutual sid=..., |<-- OK) S
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( oa="...", ... |) S
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( | |) S
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( | <------------------ \(7\) 200-B4 --- |) S
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([verify | 200 OK |) S
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( \(7\)]<--| Authentication-Info: Mutual ob="...") S
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( | |) S
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( v v) S
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(\240Figure\2401: Typical communication flow for first access to ) S
(resource\240) S
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1.02026367 0 32 0 0 (As usual in general HTTP protocol designs, a client will at first request a resource without any) A
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0.176682696 0 32 0 0 (authentication attempt \(1\). If the requested resource is protected by the Mutual authentication, the) A
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(server will respond with a message requesting authentication \(401-B0\) \(2\). ) S
11 -324.8 M
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0.360814154 0 32 0 0 (The client processes the body of the message, and waits for the user to input the user name and a) A
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0.0629595593 0 32 0 0 (password. If the user name and the password are available, the client will send a message with the) A
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(authenticated key exchange \(req-A1\) to start the authentication \(3\). ) S
11 -365.4 M
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2.91462064 0 32 0 0 (If the server has received a req-A1 message, the server looks up the user's authentication) A
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1.34291291 0 32 0 0 (information within its user database. Then the server creates a new session identifier \(sid\) that) A
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1.33616734 0 32 0 0 (will be used to identify sets of the messages that follow it, and responds back with a message) A
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(containing a server-side authenticated key exchange value \(401-B1\) \(4\). ) S
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0.421630859 0 32 0 0 (At this point \(5\), both peers calculate a shared "session secret" using the exchanged values in the) A
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1.29827011 0 32 0 0 (key exchange messages. Only when both the server and the client have used secret credentials) A
22 -449.2 M
0.861607134 0 32 0 0 (generated from the same password will the session secret values match. This session secret will) A
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(be used for the actual access authentication after this point. ) S
11 -473 M
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0.719050467 0 32 0 0 (The client will send a request with a client-side authentication challenge \(req-A3\) \(6\), generated) A
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0.376562506 0 32 0 0 (from the client-owned session secret. The server will check the validity of the challenge using its) A
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(own session secret. ) S
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0.297607422 0 32 0 0 (If the challenge from the client was correct, it means that the client definitely owns the credential) A
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0.106370196 0 32 0 0 (based on the expected password \(i.e. the client authentication succeeded.\) The server will respond) A
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0.151442304 0 32 0 0 (with a successful message \(200-B4\) \(7\). Contrary to the usual one-way authentication \(e.g. HTTP) A
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2.56605124 0 32 0 0 (Basic authentication or POP APOP authentication\), this message also contains a server-side) A
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(authentication challenge. ) S
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0.655539751 0 32 0 0 (When the client's challenge is incorrect \(e.g.\240because the user-supplied password was incorrect\),) A
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(the server will respond with the 401-B0 message \(used in \(2\)\) instead. ) S
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0.552283645 0 32 0 0 (The client MUST first check the validity of the server-side authentication challenge contained in) A
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2.36858249 0 32 0 0 (the message \(7\). If the challenge was equal to the expected value, the server authentication) A
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(succeeded. ) S
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1.44042969 0 32 0 0 (If it is not the value expected, or if the message does not contain the authentication challenge) A
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0.6640625 0 32 0 0 (value, it means that the mutual authentication has been broken for some unexpected reason. The) A
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11 0 Nf
1.44949782 0 32 0 0 (client MUST\240NOT process any body or header values contained in this case. \(Note: This case) A
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(2.3.) S
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( Alternative ) S
(flows) S
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11 0 Nf
0.0571986623 0 32 0 0 (As shown above, the typical flow for a first authenticated request requires three request-response pairs.) A
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1.75330532 0 32 0 0 (To reduce the protocol overhead, the protocol enables several short-cut flows which require fewer ) A
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(messages.) S
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1.51855469 0 32 0 0 (\(case A\) If the client knows that the resource is likely to require the authentication, the client) A
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1.42037261 0 32 0 0 (MAY omit the first unauthenticated request \(1\) and immediately send a req-A1 message. This) A
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(will reduce one round-trip of messages. ) S
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0.099724263 0 32 0 0 (\(case B\) If both the client and the server previously shared a session secret associated with a valid) A
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0.292689741 0 32 0 0 (session identifier \(sid\), the client MAY directly send a req-A3 message using the existing session) A
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(identifier and corresponding session secret. This will further reduce one round-trip of messages. ) S
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0.028645834 0 32 0 0 (In such cases, the server MAY have thrown out the corresponding sessions from the session table.) A
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2.35208344 0 32 0 0 (In this case, the server will send a 401-B0-stale message as a response to req-A3 message,) A
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2.12620187 0 32 0 0 (indicating a new key exchange is required. The client SHOULD retry constructing a req-A1) A
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(message in this case. ) S
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6.4268465 0 32 0 0 ( depicts the shortcut flows described above. Under the appropriate settings and) A
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0.0473632812 0 32 0 0 (implementations, most of the requests to resources are expected to meet both the criteria, and thus only) A
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( \(A\) omit first request) S
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( \(2 round trips\)) S
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( Client Server) S
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( | |) S
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( | --- req-A1 ----> |) S
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( | |) S
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( | <---- 401-B1 --- |) S
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( | |) S
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( | --- req-A3 ----> |) S
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( | |) S
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( | <---- 200-B4 --- |) S
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( | |) S
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( \(B\) reusing session secret) S
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( \(B-1\) key available \(B-2\) key expired) S
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( \(1 round trip\) \(3 round trips\)) S
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( Client Server Client Server) S
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( | | | |) S
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( | --- req-A3 ----> | | --- req-A3 ----------> |) S
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( | | | |) S
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( | <---- 200-B4 --- | | <---- 401-B0-stale --- |) S
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( | | | |) S
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( | --- req-A1 ----------> |) S
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( | |) S
0 -633.4 M
( | <---------- 401-B1 --- |) S
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( | |) S
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( | --- req-A3 ----------> |) S
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( | |) S
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( | <---------- 200-B4 --- |) S
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( | |) S
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(\240Figure\2402: Several alternative flows on ) S
(protocol\240) S
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(For more details, see Sections ) S
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( and ) S
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(. ) S
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(3.) S
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( Message ) S
(Syntax) S
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1.15234375 0 32 0 0 (The Mutual authentication protocol uses five headers: WWW-Authenticate \(in responses with status) A
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10.9365234 0 32 0 0 (code 401\), Optional-WWW-Authenticate \(in responses with non-401 status codes\),) A
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4.60009766 0 32 0 0 (Authentication-Control \(in responses\), Authorization \(in requests\), and Authentication-Info \(in) A
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0.386418283 0 32 0 0 (responses other than 401 status\). These headers follow a common framework described in ) A
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1.25474334 0 32 0 0 ([Editorial Note: to be httpbis-p7]. The detailed syntax definitions for these headers are contained in ) A
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(. ) S
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0.557552099 0 32 0 0 (These headers use some common syntax elements described in ) A
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(augmented BNF syntax defined in ) S
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([RFC5234]) S
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( ) S
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(auth-scheme) S
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( = "Mutual" ) S
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(; see HTTP for other values) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extension-field) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
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(extension-token) S
9.0 4 Nf
( "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(value) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(token) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = 1*\(%x30-39 / %x41-5A / %x61-7A / "-" / "_"\)) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extensive-token) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(token) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extension-token) S
0 -337.8 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extension-token) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "-" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(token) S
9.0 4 Nf
( 1*\("." ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(token) S
9.0 4 Nf
(\)) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(value) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extensive-token) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(integer) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(hex-fixed-number) S
0 -370.2 M
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(base64-fixed-number) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
0 -381 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(integer) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "0" / \(%x31-39 *%x30-39\) ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(; no leading zeros) S
0 -391.8 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(hex-fixed-number) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = 1*\(%x30-39 / %x41-46 / %x61-66\)) S
0 -402.6 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(base64-fixed-number) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
0 -413.4 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = %x22 *\(%x20-21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-FF) S
0 -424.2 M
( / %x5C.22 / "\\\\"\) %x22) S
0 -435 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = 1*\(" " / %x09\)) S
127 -458 M
7.63889 2 Nf
(\240Figure\2403: BNF syntax for common elements used in ) S
(protocol\240) S
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(3.1.) S
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( Tokens and ) S
(Extensive-tokens) S
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11 0 Nf
1.75150239 0 32 0 0 (The tokens are case insensitive; Senders SHOULD send these in lower-case, and receivers MUST) A
0 -535.9 M
0.620864 0 32 0 0 (accept both upper- and lower-cases. When tokens are used as the \(partial\) inputs to any hash or other) A
0 -549.1 M
1.53936303 0 32 0 0 (mathematical functions, it MUST always be used in lower-case. All hexadecimal numbers are also) A
0 -562.3 M
(case-insensitive, and SHOULD be sent in lower-case. ) S
0 -586.5 M
4.59314919 0 32 0 0 (Extensive-tokens are used in this protocol where the set of acceptable tokens may include) A
0 -599.7 M
7.67656231 0 32 0 0 (non-standard extensions. Any non-standard extensions of this protocol MUST use the) A
0 -612.9 M
4.78125 0 32 0 0 (extension-tokens with format "-<token>.<domain-name>", where <domain-name> is a validly) A
0 -626.1 M
(registered \(sub-\)domain name on the Internet owned by the party who defines the extensions. ) S
0 -637.1 M
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gsave
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%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold
13 2 Nf
(3.2.) S
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( ) S
(Numbers) S
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%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman
11 0 Nf
1.88560271 0 32 0 0 (The syntax definition of the integers only allows representations that do not contain extra leading) A
0 -53 M
(zeros. ) S
0 -77.2 M
1.58864188 0 32 0 0 (The numbers represented as a hex-fixed-number MUST include an even number of characters \(i.e.) A
0 -90.4 M
0.185546875 0 32 0 0 (multiples of eight bits\). When these are generated from any cryptographic values, they SHOULD have) A
0 -103.6 M
0.440290183 0 32 0 0 (their "natural length": if these are generated from a hash function, these lengths SHOULD correspond) A
0 -116.8 M
2.43530273 0 32 0 0 (to the hash size; if these are representing elements of a mathematical set \(or group\), its lengths) A
0 -130 M
0.559114575 0 32 0 0 (SHOULD be the shortest for representing all the elements in the set. See ) A
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0.559114575 0 32 0 0 (Appendix\240C) A
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0.559114575 0 32 0 0 ( for information) A
0 -143.2 M
7.06152344 0 32 0 0 (about the length of the fields used in this specification. Session-identifiers and other) A
0 -156.4 M
1.38964844 0 32 0 0 (non-cryptographically generated values are represented in any \(even\) length determined by the side) A
0 -169.6 M
0.101806641 0 32 0 0 (who generates it first, and the same length SHALL be used throughout the all communications by both) A
0 -182.8 M
(peers. ) S
0 -207 M
0.0600961521 0 32 0 0 (The numbers represented as base64-fixed-number SHALL be generated as follows: first, the number is) A
0 -220.2 M
0.341947109 0 32 0 0 (converted to a big-endian octet-string representation. The length of the representation is determined in) A
0 -233.4 M
0.196533203 0 32 0 0 (the same way as mentioned above. Then, the string is encoded using ) A
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0.196533203 0 32 0 0 (the Base 64 ) A
gsave
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0.196533203 0 32 0 0 (encoding) A
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0.196533203 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC4648]) A
0 -246.6 M
(without any spaces and newlines, and then enclosed by two double-quotations. ) S
0 -257.6 M
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13 2 Nf
(3.3.) S
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( ) S
(Strings) S
0 -297.4 M
11 0 Nf
0.443917423 0 32 0 0 (All the strings outside ASCII character sets MUST be encoded using the ) A
gsave
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0.443917423 0 32 0 0 (UTF-8 ) A
gsave
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0.443917423 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC3629]) A
0 -310.6 M
0.011117788 0 32 0 0 (for the ) A
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0.011117788 0 32 0 0 (ISO 10646-1 character ) A
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0.011117788 0 32 0 0 ( [ISO.10646-1.1993]. Both peers are RECOMMENDED to reject any) A
0 -323.8 M
0.350446433 0 32 0 0 (invalid UTF-8 sequences that might cause decoding ambiguities \(e.g., containing <"> in the second or) A
0 -337 M
(later byte of the UTF-8 encoded characters\). ) S
0 -361.2 M
0.44921875 0 32 0 0 (To encode character strings to header values, they will first be encoded according to UTF-8 without a) A
0 -374.4 M
1.11669922 0 32 0 0 (leading BOM, then all occurrences of the characters <"> and "\\" will be escaped by prepending "\\",) A
0 -387.6 M
0.469270825 0 32 0 0 (and two <">s will be put around the string. These escaping backslashes and enclosing quotes SHALL) A
0 -400.8 M
(be removed before any processing other than when using them in a header field. ) S
0 -425 M
1.0703125 0 32 0 0 (If strings are representing a domain name or URI that contains non-ASCII characters, the host parts) A
0 -438.2 M
0.763327181 0 32 0 0 (SHOULD be encoded as it is used in the HTTP protocol layer \(e.g.\240in a Host: header\); under current) A
0 -451.4 M
(standards it will be the one defined in ) S
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([RFC5890]) S
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(. It SHOULD use lower-case ASCII characters. ) S
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(For base64-fixed-numbers, which use the string syntax, see the previous section. ) S
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15 2 Nf
(4.) S
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( ) S
(Messages) S
0 -529.8 M
11 0 Nf
0.961914062 0 32 0 0 (In this section we define the seven kinds of messages used in the authentication protocol along with) A
0 -543 M
(the formats and requirements of the headers for each message. ) S
0 -567.2 M
(To determine which message are expected to be sent, see Sections ) S
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(8) S
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( and ) S
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(.) S
0 -591.4 M
0.983398438 0 32 0 0 (In the descriptions below, the type of allowable values for each header field is shown in parenthesis) A
0 -604.6 M
0.636197925 0 32 0 0 (after the key names. The "algorithm-determined" type means that the acceptable value for the field is) A
0 -617.8 M
1.45611215 0 32 0 0 (one of the types defined in ) A
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128.4 -618.9 M
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1.45611215 0 32 0 0 (Section\2403) A
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1.45611215 0 32 0 0 (, and is determined by the value of the "algorithm" field. The) A
0 -631 M
0.527994812 0 32 0 0 (fields marked "mandatory" SHALL be contained in the message. The fields marked "non-mandatory") A
0 -644.2 M
0.0297851562 0 32 0 0 (MAY either be contained or omitted in the message. Each field SHALL appear in each headers exactly) A
0 -657.4 M
(once at most. ) S
0 -657.4 M
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(4.1.) S
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( ) S
(401-B0) S
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0.926106751 0 32 0 0 (Every 401-B0 message SHALL be a valid HTTP 401 \(Authentication Required\) message containing) A
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1.81217444 0 32 0 0 (one \(and only one: hereafter not explicitly noticed\) "WWW-Authenticate" header of the following) A
0 -66.2 M
(format. ) S
0 -90.4 M
13.2421875 0 32 0 0 (WWW-Authenticate: Mutual algorithm=xxxx, validation=xxxx, realm="xxxx", stale=0,) A
0 -103.6 M
(version=-draft07 ) S
0 -114.6 M
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( ) S
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9.0 5 Nf
(header-401-B0) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "WWW-Authenticate" ":" [) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
(]) S
0 -147.2 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(auth-scheme) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(fields-401-B0) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(fields-401-B0) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(field-401-B0) S
9.0 4 Nf
( *\([) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
(] "," ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(field-401-B0) S
9.0 4 Nf
(\)) S
0 -168.8 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(field-401-B0) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(version) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(algorithm) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(validation) S
0 -179.6 M
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(auth-domain) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(realm) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(pwd-hash) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(stale) S
0 -190.4 M
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extension-field) S
0 -201.2 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(version) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "version" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extensive-token) S
0 -212 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(algorithm) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "algorithm" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extensive-token) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(validation) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "validation" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extensive-token) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(auth-domain) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "auth-domain" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
0 -244.4 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(realm) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "realm" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
0 -255.2 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(pwd-hash) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "pwd-hash" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extensive-token) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(stale) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(token) S
143.2 -288.9 M
7.63889 2 Nf
(\240Figure\2404: BNF syntax for header in 401-B0 ) S
(header\240) S
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1.96540177 0 32 0 0 (The header SHALL contain all of the fields marked "mandatory" below, and MAY contain those) A
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(marked "non-mandatory". ) S
11 -364.4 M
(version: ) S
33 -377.6 M
3.60546875 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory extensive-token\) should be the token "-draft07" in this specification. The) A
33 -390.8 M
(behavior is undefined when other values are specified. ) S
11 -404 M
(algorithm: ) S
33 -417.2 M
1.87656248 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory extensive-token\) specifies the authentication algorithm to be used. The value) A
33 -430.4 M
2.93052459 0 32 0 0 (MUST be one of the tokens described in ) A
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2.93052459 0 32 0 0 (, or the tokens specified in other) A
33 -443.6 M
(supplemental specification documentation. ) S
11 -456.8 M
(validation: ) S
33 -470 M
1.34339488 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory extensive-token\) specifies the method of host validation. The value MUST be) A
33 -483.2 M
2.42818499 0 32 0 0 (one of the tokens described in ) A
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2.42818499 0 32 0 0 (, or the tokens specified in other supplemental) A
33 -496.4 M
(specification documentation. ) S
11 -509.6 M
(auth-domain: ) S
33 -522.8 M
1.41015625 0 32 0 0 (\(non-mandatory string\) specifies the authentication domain, the set of hosts for which the) A
33 -536 M
0.424107134 0 32 0 0 (authentication credentials are valid. It MUST be one of the strings described in ) A
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0.424107134 0 32 0 0 (. If) A
33 -549.2 M
(the value is omitted, it is assumed to be the host part of the requested URI. ) S
11 -562.4 M
(realm: ) S
33 -575.6 M
1.43652344 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory string\) is a UTF-8 encoded string representing the name of the authentication) A
33 -588.8 M
(realm inside the authentication domain. ) S
11 -602 M
(pwd-hash: ) S
33 -615.2 M
1.1789062 0 32 0 0 (\(non-mandatory extensive-token\) specifies the hash algorithm \(hereafter referred to by ph\)) A
33 -628.4 M
(used for additionally hashing the password. The valid tokens are ) S
44 -639 M
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55 -642.6 M
(none: ph\(p\) = p ) S
44 -653.2 M
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55 -656.8 M
(md5: ph\(p\) = MD5\(p\) ) S
44 -667.4 M
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55 -671 M
0.602050781 0 32 0 0 (digest-md5: ph\(p\) = MD5\(username | ":" | realm | ":" | p\), the same value as MD5\(A1\)) A
55 -671 M
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(for "MD5" algorithm in ) S
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(. ) S
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(sha1: ph\(p\) = ) S
(SHA1\(p\)) S
33 -40.6 M
(If omitted, the value "none" is assumed. The use of "none" is recommended. ) S
11 -53.8 M
(stale: ) S
33 -67 M
(\(mandatory token\) MUST be "0". ) S
0 -91.2 M
0.205193013 0 32 0 0 (The algorithm specified in this header will determine the types and the values for w_A, w_B, o_A and) A
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(o_B. ) S
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(4.2.) S
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( ) S
(401-B0-stale) S
0 -155.2 M
11 0 Nf
1.19393384 0 32 0 0 (A 401-B0-stale message is a variant of the 401-B0 message, which means that the client has sent a) A
0 -168.4 M
(request message that is not for any active session. ) S
0 -192.6 M
13.2421875 0 32 0 0 (WWW-Authenticate: Mutual algorithm=xxxx, validation=xxxx, realm="xxxx", stale=1,) A
0 -205.8 M
(version=-draft07 ) S
0 -230 M
(The header MUST contain the same fields as in 401-B0, except that the stale field contains token 1. ) S
0 -241 M
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(4.3.) S
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( ) S
(req-A1) S
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11 0 Nf
2.52246094 0 32 0 0 (Every req-A1 message SHALL be a valid HTTP request message containing an "Authorization") A
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(header of the following format. ) S
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4.32682276 0 32 0 0 (Authorization: Mutual algorithm=xxxx, validation=xxxx, realm="xxxx", user="xxxx", wa=xxxx,) A
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(version=-draft07 ) S
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( ) S
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(auth-scheme) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(fields-req-A1) S
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(fields-req-A1) S
9.0 4 Nf
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( *\([) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
(] "," ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(field-req-A1) S
9.0 4 Nf
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( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(field-req-A1) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(version) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(algorithm) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(validation) S
0 -407.4 M
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(auth-domain) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(realm) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(user) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(wa) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extension-field) S
0 -429 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(user) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "user" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
0 -439.8 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(wa) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "wa" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(value) S
129 -462.7 M
7.63889 2 Nf
(\240Figure\2405: the BNF syntax for the header in req-A1 ) S
(message\240) S
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(The header SHALL contain the fields with the following keys: ) S
11 -525 M
(version: ) S
33 -538.2 M
3.33046865 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, extensive-token\) should be the token "-draft07" in this specification. The) A
33 -551.4 M
(behavior is undefined when other values are specified. ) S
11 -564.6 M
(algorithm, validation, auth-domain, realm: ) S
33 -577.8 M
(MUST be the same value as it is when received from the server. ) S
11 -591 M
(user: ) S
33 -604.2 M
(\(mandatory, string\) is the UTF-8 encoded name of the user. ) S
11 -617.4 M
(wa: ) S
33 -630.6 M
2.33476567 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, algorithm-determined\) is the client-side key exchange value w_A, which is) A
33 -643.8 M
(specified by the algorithm that is used \(see ) S
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(4.4.) S
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( ) S
(401-B1) S
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0.267728359 0 32 0 0 (Every 401-B1 message SHALL be a valid HTTP 401 \(Authentication Required\) message containing a) A
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("WWW-Authenticate" header of the following format. ) S
0 -77.2 M
1.6477865 0 32 0 0 (WWW-Authenticate: Mutual algorithm=xxxx, validation=xxxx, realm="xxxx", sid=xxxx, wb=xxxx,) A
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(nc-max=x, nc-window=x, time=x, path="xxxx", version=-draft07 ) S
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( / ) S
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(realm) S
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( / ) S
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(sid) S
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(wb) S
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( / ) S
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(nc-max) S
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(nc-window) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(time) S
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( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(path) S
0 -188 M
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extension-field) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
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(sid) S
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( = "sid" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(wb) S
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9.0 5 Nf
(value) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(nc-max) S
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(integer) S
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9.0 5 Nf
(integer) S
0 -242 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
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(time) S
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( = "time" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(integer) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(path) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "path" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
129 -275.7 M
7.63889 2 Nf
(\240Figure\2406: the BNF syntax for the header in 401-B1 ) S
(message\240) S
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(The header SHALL contain the fields with the following keys: ) S
11 -338 M
(version: ) S
33 -351.2 M
3.33046865 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, extensive-token\) should be the token "-draft07" in this specification. The) A
33 -364.4 M
(behavior is undefined when other values are specified. ) S
11 -377.6 M
(algorithm, validation, auth-domain, realm: ) S
33 -390.8 M
(MUST be the same value as it is when received from the client. ) S
11 -404 M
(sid: ) S
33 -417.2 M
1.51171875 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, hex-fixed-number\) MUST be a session identifier, which is a random integer.) A
33 -430.4 M
0.197753906 0 32 0 0 (The sid SHOULD have uniqueness of at least 80 bits or the square of the maximal estimated) A
33 -443.6 M
4.16796875 0 32 0 0 (transactions concurrently available in the session table, whichever is larger. Session) A
33 -456.8 M
2.45898438 0 32 0 0 (identifiers are local to each concerned authentication realm: the same sids for different) A
33 -470 M
(authentication realms SHOULD be treated as independent ones. ) S
11 -483.2 M
(wb: ) S
33 -496.4 M
2.15195322 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, algorithm-determined\) is the server-side key exchange value w_B, which is) A
33 -509.6 M
(specified by the algorithm \(see ) S
gsave
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(\). ) S
11 -522.8 M
(nc-max: ) S
33 -536 M
(\(mandatory, integer\) is the maximal value of nonce counts that the server accepts. ) S
11 -549.2 M
(nc-window: ) S
33 -562.4 M
1.72716343 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, integer\) the number of available nonce slots that the server will accept. The) A
33 -575.6 M
(value of the nc-window field is RECOMMENDED to be 32 or more. ) S
11 -588.8 M
(time: ) S
33 -602 M
0.670072138 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, integer\) represents the suggested time \(in seconds\) that the client can reuse the) A
33 -615.2 M
1.03662109 0 32 0 0 (session represented by the sid. It is RECOMMENDED to be at least 60. The value of this) A
33 -628.4 M
3.28671885 0 32 0 0 (field is not directly linked to the duration that the server keeps track of the session) A
33 -641.6 M
(represented by the sid. ) S
33 -641.6 M
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(path: ) S
33 -26.4 M
1.61425781 0 32 0 0 (\(non-mandatory, string\) specifies which path in the URI space the same authentication is) A
33 -39.6 M
0.565716922 0 32 0 0 (expected to be applied. The value is a space-separated list of URIs, in the same format as it) A
33 -52.8 M
0.189453125 0 32 0 0 (was specified in domain parameter ) A
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0.189453125 0 32 0 0 ( for the Digest authentications, and clients are) A
33 -66 M
1.22956729 0 32 0 0 (RECOMMENDED to recognize it. The all path elements contained in the field MUST be) A
33 -79.2 M
(inside the specified auth-domain: if not, clients SHOULD ignore such elements. ) S
0 -90.2 M
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( ) S
(req-A3) S
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2.52246094 0 32 0 0 (Every req-A3 message SHALL be a valid HTTP request message containing an "Authorization") A
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(header of the following format. ) S
0 -167.4 M
2.18191957 0 32 0 0 (Authorization: Mutual algorithm=xxxx, validation=xxxx, realm="xxxx", sid=xxxx, nc=x, oa=xxxx,) A
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(version=-draft07 ) S
0 -191.6 M
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( *\([) S
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9.0 5 Nf
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9.0 5 Nf
(field-req-A3) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
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9.0 4 Nf
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9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
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( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(sid) S
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( / ) S
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(nc) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(oa) S
0 -267.4 M
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extension-field) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(nc) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "nc" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(integer) S
0 -289 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(oa) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "oa" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(value) S
129 -311.9 M
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(The fields contained in the header are as follows: ) S
11 -374.2 M
(version: ) S
33 -387.4 M
3.33046865 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, extensive-token\) should be the token "-draft07" in this specification. The) A
33 -400.6 M
(behavior is undefined when other values are specified. ) S
11 -413.8 M
(algorithm, validation, auth-domain, realm: ) S
33 -427 M
(MUST be the same value as it is when received from the server for the session. ) S
11 -440.2 M
(sid: ) S
33 -453.4 M
0.903846145 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, hex-fixed-number\) MUST be one of the sid values that was received from the) A
33 -466.6 M
(server for the same authentication realm. ) S
11 -479.8 M
(nc: ) S
33 -493 M
0.10963542 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, integer\) is a nonce value that is unique among the requests sharing the same sid.) A
33 -506.2 M
(The values of the nonces SHOULD satisfy the properties outlined in ) S
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11 -519.4 M
(oa: ) S
33 -532.6 M
2.30859375 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, algorithm-determined\) is the client-side authentication challenge value o_A,) A
33 -545.8 M
(which is specified by the algorithm \(see ) S
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( ) S
(200-B4) S
0 -596.6 M
11 0 Nf
2.186198 0 32 0 0 (Every 200-B4 message SHALL be a valid HTTP message that is not of the 401 \(Authentication) A
0 -609.8 M
(Required\) type, containing an "Authentication-Info" header of the following format. ) S
0 -634 M
(Authentication-Info: Mutual sid=xxxx, ob=xxxx, version=-draft07 ) S
0 -634 M
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9.0 4 Nf
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( *\([) S
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(] "," ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
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(field-200-B4) S
9.0 4 Nf
(\)) S
0 -54.2 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(field-200-B4) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(version) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
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(sid) S
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( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(ob) S
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( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(logout-timeout) S
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9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(ob) S
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( = "ob" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(value) S
0 -75.8 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(logout-timeout) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "logout-timeout" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(integer) S
141.1 -98.7 M
%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold
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(\240Figure\2408: BNF syntax for header in 200-B4 ) S
(message\240) S
0 -112.6 M
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(The fields contained in the header are as follows: ) S
11 -161 M
(version: ) S
33 -174.2 M
3.33046865 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, extensive-token\) should be the token "-draft07" in this specification. The) A
33 -187.4 M
(behavior is undefined when other values are specified. ) S
11 -200.6 M
(sid: ) S
33 -213.8 M
(\(mandatory, hex-fixed-number\) MUST be the value received from the client. ) S
11 -227 M
(ob: ) S
33 -240.2 M
2.08007812 0 32 0 0 (\(mandatory, algorithm-determined\) is the server-side authentication challenge value o_B,) A
33 -253.4 M
(which is specified by the algorithm \(see ) S
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(\). ) S
11 -266.6 M
(logout-timeout: ) S
33 -279.8 M
0.801432312 0 32 0 0 (\(non-mandatory, integer\) is the number of seconds after which the client should re-validate) A
33 -293 M
0.992745519 0 32 0 0 (the user's password for the current authentication realm. The value 0 means that the client) A
33 -306.2 M
2.42534733 0 32 0 0 (SHOULD automatically forget the user-inputted password for the current authentication) A
33 -319.4 M
2.17897725 0 32 0 0 (realm and revert to the unauthenticated state \(i.e.\240server-initiated logout\). This does not,) A
33 -332.6 M
2.98893237 0 32 0 0 (however, mean that the long-term memories for the passwords \(such as the password) A
33 -345.8 M
1.15 0 32 0 0 (reminders and auto fill-ins\) should be removed. If a new timeout value is received for the) A
33 -359 M
(same authentication realm, it overrides the previous timeout. ) S
0 -383.2 M
2.99080873 0 32 0 0 (The header MUST be sent before the content body: it MUST\240NOT be sent in the trailer of a) A
0 -396.4 M
6.90039062 0 32 0 0 (chunked-encoded response. If a "100 Continue" response is sent from the server, the) A
0 -409.6 M
(Authentication-Info header SHOULD be included in that response, instead of the final response. ) S
0 -420.6 M
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13 2 Nf
(4.7.) S
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( ) S
(200-Optional-B0) S
0 -460.4 M
11 0 Nf
1.34339488 0 32 0 0 (The 200-Optional-B0 messages enable a non-mandatory authentication, which is not possible under) A
0 -473.6 M
0.929987967 0 32 0 0 (the current HTTP authentication mechanism. In several Web applications, users can access the same) A
0 -486.8 M
0.885986328 0 32 0 0 (contents as both a guest user and an authenticated user. In most Web applications, it is implemented) A
0 -500 M
2.66796875 0 32 0 0 (using ) A
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2.66796875 0 32 0 0 (HTTP ) A
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2.66796875 0 32 0 0 (cookies) A
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2.66796875 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC2965] and custom form-based authentications. The new authentication) A
0 -513.2 M
1.23167062 0 32 0 0 (method using this message will provide a replacement for these authentication systems. Support for) A
0 -526.4 M
0.16015625 0 32 0 0 (this message is RECOMMENDED, unless the protocol is used for some specific applications in which) A
0 -539.6 M
(the authentication is always mandatory. ) S
0 -563.8 M
1.46664667 0 32 0 0 (Servers MAY send HTTP successful responses \(response code 200, 206 and others\) containing the) A
0 -577 M
3.899858 0 32 0 0 (Optional-WWW-Authenticate header, when it is allowed to send 401-B0 responses \(with one) A
0 -590.2 M
(exception described below\). Such responses are hereafter called 200-Optional-B0 responses. ) S
0 -614.4 M
(HTTP/1.1 200 ) S
(OK) S
0 -627.6 M
12.4072266 0 32 0 0 (Optional-WWW-Authenticate: Mutual version=-draft07, algorithm=xxxx, validation=xxxx,) A
0 -640.8 M
(realm="xxxx", stale=0 ) S
0 -640.8 M
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( ) S
%%IncludeResource: font Courier-Oblique
9.0 5 Nf
(header-200-Optional-B0) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "Optional-WWW-Authenticate" ":" [) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
(]) S
0 -32.6 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(auth-scheme) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(fields-401-B0) S
127.5 -55.5 M
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(\240Figure\2409: BNF syntax for header in 200-Optional-B0 ) S
(header\240) S
0 -69.4 M
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0.405133933 0 32 0 0 (The fields contained in the Optional-WWW-Authenticate header are the same as those for the 401-B0) A
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0.564453125 0 32 0 0 (message described in ) A
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0.564453125 0 32 0 0 (. For authentication-related matters, a 200-Optional-B0 message will) A
0 -120 M
0.623497605 0 32 0 0 (have the same meaning as a 401-B0 message with a corresponding WWW-Authenticate header. \(The) A
0 -133.2 M
2.15024042 0 32 0 0 (behavior for other matters, such as caching, MAY be different between the 200-Optional-B0 and) A
0 -146.4 M
(401-B0 messages.\) ) S
0 -170.6 M
2.15269876 0 32 0 0 (The 200-Optional-B0 message is the only place where an Optional-WWW-Authenticate header is) A
0 -183.8 M
0.486328125 0 32 0 0 (allowed. If a server is supposed to send a 401-B1 or a 401-B0-stale response, it SHALL\240NOT replace) A
0 -197 M
2.1052084 0 32 0 0 (it with 200-Optional-B0 or similar responses. Furthermore, if a server is going to send a 401-B0) A
0 -210.2 M
1.41153491 0 32 0 0 (message as a response to a req-A3 message with a correct realm, the server MUST send a 401-B0) A
0 -223.4 M
(message, not a 200-Optional-B0 message. ) S
0 -247.6 M
3.92613626 0 32 0 0 (Servers requesting non-mandatory authentication SHOULD send the path field in the 401-B1) A
0 -260.8 M
4.76388884 0 32 0 0 (messages with an appropriate value. Clients supporting non-mandatory authentication MUST) A
0 -274 M
0.638020813 0 32 0 0 (recognize the field, and MUST send either a req-A1 or a req-A3 request for the URI space inside the) A
0 -287.2 M
(specified paths, instead of a normal request without an Authorization header. ) S
0 -298.2 M
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15 2 Nf
(5.) S
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( Authentication ) S
(Realms) S
0 -341.4 M
11 0 Nf
0.740349293 0 32 0 0 (In this protocol, an "authentication realm" is defined as a set of resources \(URIs\) for which the same) A
0 -354.6 M
0.259033203 0 32 0 0 (set of user names and passwords is valid for. If the server requests authentication for an authentication) A
0 -367.8 M
4.71304083 0 32 0 0 (realm that the client is already authenticated for, the client will automatically perform the) A
0 -381 M
0.960582376 0 32 0 0 (authentication using the already-known secrets. However, for the different authentication realms, the) A
0 -394.2 M
(clients SHOULD\240NOT automatically reuse the usernames and passwords for another realm. ) S
0 -418.4 M
0.645833313 0 32 0 0 (Just like in Basic and Digest access authentication protocols, Mutual authentication protocol supports) A
0 -431.6 M
2.59555292 0 32 0 0 (multiple, separate authentication realms to be set up inside each host. Furthermore, the protocol) A
0 -444.8 M
(supports that a single authentication realm spans over several hosts within the same Internet domain. ) S
0 -469 M
0.777043283 0 32 0 0 (Each authentication realm is defined and distinguished by the triple of an "authentication algorithm",) A
0 -482.2 M
8.33554649 0 32 0 0 (an "authentication domain", and a "realm" parameter. However, server operators are) A
0 -495.4 M
1.16685271 0 32 0 0 (NOT\240RECOMMENDED to use the same pair of an authentication domain and a realm for different) A
0 -508.6 M
(authentication algorithms. ) S
0 -532.8 M
0.296142578 0 32 0 0 (Authentication algorithms are defined in Sections ) A
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0.296142578 0 32 0 0 ( and ) A
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0.296142578 0 32 0 0 (. The realm parameter is a string as defined) A
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(in ) S
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(. Authentication domains are described in the remainder of this section. ) S
0 -570.2 M
0.457291663 0 32 0 0 (An authentication domain specifies the range of hosts that the authentication realm spans over. In this) A
0 -583.4 M
(protocol, it MUST be one of the following strings. ) S
11 -604 M
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0.926491499 0 32 0 0 (The string in format "<scheme>://<host>:<port>", where <scheme>, <host>, and <port> are the) A
22 -620.8 M
0.313151032 0 32 0 0 (URI parts of the requested URI. Even if the request-URI does not have a port part, the string will) A
22 -634 M
1.47931981 0 32 0 0 (include one \(i.e. 80 for http and 443 for https\). Use this when authentication is only valid for) A
22 -647.2 M
(specific protocol \(such as https\). ) S
11 -657.8 M
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0.448697925 0 32 0 0 (The "host" part of the requested URI. This is the default value. Authentication realms within this) A
22 -661.4 M
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11 0 Nf
0.536197901 0 32 0 0 (kind of authentication domain will span over several protocols \(i.e. http and https\) and ports, but) A
22 -26.4 M
11 0 Nf
(not over different hosts. ) S
11 -37 M
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0.488882214 0 32 0 0 (The string in format "*.<domain-postfix>", where <domain-postfix> is either the host part of the) A
22 -40.6 M
0.95696795 0.95696795 scale
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(requested URI or any domain in which the requested host is included \(this means that the specification) S
1.04496706 1.04496706 scale
22 -66.4 M
7.49414062 0 32 0 0 ("*.example.com" is valid for all of hosts "www.example.com", "web.example.com",) A
22 -66.4 M
0.970301 0.970301 scale
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("www.sales.example.com" and "example.com"\). The domain-postfix sent from the servers MUST be) S
1.03060806 1.03060806 scale
22 -79.2 M
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(equal to or included in a valid Internet domain assigned to a specific organization: if clients know, by) S
1.03223562 1.03223562 scale
22 -92 M
0.985606909 0.985606909 scale
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(some means such as a blacklist for HTTP cookies, that the specified domain is not to be assigned to) S
1.01460326 1.01460326 scale
22 -118.2 M
0.463641822 0 32 0 0 (any specific organization \(e.g. "*.com" or "*.jp"\), the clients are RECOMMENDED to reject the) A
22 -131.4 M
(authentication request. ) S
0 -155.6 M
1.05524552 0 32 0 0 (In the above specifications, every "scheme", "host", and "domain" MUST be in lower-case, and any) A
0 -168.8 M
1.49278843 0 32 0 0 (internationalized domain names beyond the ASCII character set SHALL be represented in the way) A
0 -182 M
0.0128348218 0 32 0 0 (they are sent in the underlying HTTP protocol, represented in lower-case characters; i.e.\240 these SHALL) A
0 -195.2 M
0.202473953 0 32 0 0 (be in the form of the LDH labels in ) A
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0.202473953 0 32 0 0 (IDNA) A
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0.202473953 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC5890]. All "port"s MUST be in the shortest, unsigned,) A
0 -208.4 M
1.51399744 0 32 0 0 (decimal number notation. Not obeying these requirements will cause failure of valid authentication) A
0 -221.6 M
(attempts. ) S
0 -232.6 M
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(5.1.) S
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( Resolving ) S
(ambiguities) S
0 -272.4 M
11 0 Nf
4.1350913 0 32 0 0 (In the above definitions of authentication domains, several domains will overlap each other.) A
0 -285.6 M
1.73939729 0 32 0 0 (Depending on the "path" parameters given in the "401-B1" message \(see ) A
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1.73939729 0 32 0 0 (\), there may be) A
0 -298.8 M
1.49414062 0 32 0 0 (several candidates when the client is going to send a request including an authentication credential) A
0 -312 M
(\(Steps 3 and 4 of the decision procedure presented in ) S
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(\). ) S
0 -336.2 M
(If such choices are required, the following procedure SHOULD be ) S
(followed.) S
11 -356.8 M
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0.90625 0 32 0 0 (If the client has previously sent a request to the same URI, and it remembers the authentication) A
22 -373.6 M
(realm requested by 401-B0 messages at that time, use that realm. ) S
11 -384.2 M
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2.12535501 0 32 0 0 (In other cases, use one of authentication realms representing the most-specific authentication) A
22 -401 M
0.225446433 0 32 0 0 (domains. From the list of possible domain specifications shown above, each one has priority over) A
22 -414.2 M
(ones described after that. ) S
22 -427.4 M
2.12860584 0 32 0 0 (If there are several choices with different domain-postfix specifications, the one that has the) A
22 -440.6 M
(longest domain-postfix has priority over ones with a shorter domain-postfix. ) S
11 -451.2 M
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1.19192708 0 32 0 0 (If there are realms with the same authentication domain, there is no defined priority: the client) A
22 -468 M
(MAY choose any one of the possible choices. ) S
0 -492.2 M
1.00641739 0 32 0 0 (If possible, server operators are encouraged to avoid such ambiguities by properly setting the "path") A
0 -505.4 M
(parameters. ) S
0 -516.4 M
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(6.) S
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( Session ) S
(Management) S
0 -559.6 M
11 0 Nf
2.62304688 0 32 0 0 (In the Mutual authentication protocol, a session represented by an sid is set up using first four) A
0 -572.8 M
1.31277907 0 32 0 0 (messages \(first request, 401-B0, req-A1 and 401-B1\), and a "session secret" \(z\) associated with the) A
0 -586 M
0.0625 0 32 0 0 (session is established. After sharing a session secret, this session, along with the secret, can be used for) A
0 -599.2 M
0.72931987 0 32 0 0 (one or more requests for resources protected by the same realm in the same server. Note that session) A
0 -612.4 M
0.0570746511 0 32 0 0 (management is only an inside detail of the protocol and usually not visible to normal users. If a session) A
0 -625.6 M
1.34588063 0 32 0 0 (expires, the client and server SHOULD automatically reestablish another session without informing) A
0 -638.8 M
(the users. ) S
0 -638.8 M
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11 0 Nf
1.68774414 0 32 0 0 (The sessions are local to each port of the host inside an authentication domain; the clients MUST) A
0 -26.4 M
(establish separate sessions for each port of a host to be accessed. ) S
0 -50.6 M
2.3742187 0 32 0 0 (The server SHOULD accept at least one req-A3 request for each session, given that the request) A
0 -63.8 M
1.19416356 0 32 0 0 (reaches the server in a time window specified by the timeout field in the 401-B1 message, and that) A
0 -77 M
0.966308594 0 32 0 0 (there are no emergent reasons \(such as flooding attacks\) to forget the sessions. After that, the server) A
0 -90.2 M
(MAY discard any session at any time and MAY send 401-B0-stale messages for any req-A3 requests. ) S
0 -114.4 M
0.78010112 0 32 0 0 (The client MAY send two or more requests using a single session specified by the sid. However, for) A
0 -127.6 M
(all such requests, each value of the nonce \(in the nc field\) MUST satisfy the following conditions: ) S
11 -148.2 M
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(It is a natural number. ) S
11 -162.4 M
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(The same nonce was not sent within the same session. ) S
11 -176.6 M
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0.619574666 0 32 0 0 (It is not larger than the nc-max value that was sent from the server in the session represented by) A
22 -193.4 M
(the sid. ) S
11 -204 M
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0.374267578 0 32 0 0 (It is larger than \(largest-nc - nc-window\), where largest-nc is the maximal value of nc which was) A
22 -220.8 M
1.59531248 0 32 0 0 (previously sent in the session, and nc-window is the value of the nc-window field which was) A
22 -234 M
(received from the server in the ) S
(session.) S
0 -258.2 M
1.14375 0 32 0 0 (The last condition allows servers to reject any nonce values that are "significantly" smaller than the) A
0 -271.4 M
0.0197610296 0 32 0 0 ("current" value \(defined by the value of nc-window\) of the nonce used in the session involved. In other) A
0 -284.6 M
2.6373198 0 32 0 0 (words, servers MAY treat such nonces as "already received". This restriction enables servers to) A
0 -297.8 M
(implement duplicated nonce detection in a constant amount of memory \(for each session\). ) S
0 -322 M
1.3338542 0 32 0 0 (Servers MUST check for duplication of the received nonces, and if any duplication is detected, the) A
0 -335.2 M
0.815569222 0 32 0 0 (server MUST discard the session and respond with a 401-B0-stale message, as outlined in ) A
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0.815569222 0 32 0 0 (.) A
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1.84228516 0 32 0 0 (The server MAY also reject other invalid nonce values \(such as ones above the nc-max limit\) by) A
0 -361.6 M
(sending a 401-B0-stale message. ) S
0 -385.8 M
1.22886026 0 32 0 0 (For example, assume the nc-window value of the current session is 32, nc-max is 100, and that the) A
0 -399 M
1.6854167 0 32 0 0 (client has already used the following nonce values: {1-20, 22, 24, 30-38, 45-60, 63-72}. Then the) A
0 -412.2 M
0.115885414 0 32 0 0 (nonce values that can be used for next request is one of the following set: {41-44, 61-62, 73-100}. The) A
0 -425.4 M
0.100694448 0 32 0 0 (values {0, 21, 23, 25-29, 39-40} MAY be rejected by the server because they are not above the current) A
0 -438.6 M
("window limit" \(40 = 72 - 32\). ) S
0 -462.8 M
0.903320312 0 32 0 0 (Typically, clients can ensure the above property by using a monotonically-increasing integer counter) A
0 -476 M
(that counts from zero upto the value of nc-max. ) S
0 -500.2 M
1.04947913 0 32 0 0 (The values of the nonces and any nonce-related values MUST always be treated as natural numbers) A
0 -513.4 M
3.52695322 0 32 0 0 (within an infinite range. Implementations using fixed-width integers or fixed-precision floating) A
0 -526.6 M
4.87226582 0 32 0 0 (numbers MUST correctly and carefully handle integer overflows. Such implementations are) A
0 -539.8 M
1.16346157 0 32 0 0 (RECOMMENDED to accept any larger values that cannot be represented in the fixed-width integer) A
0 -553 M
0.185825899 0 32 0 0 (representations, as long as other limits such as internal header-length restrictions are not involved. The) A
0 -566.2 M
1.29140627 0 32 0 0 (protocol is designed carefully so that both the clients and servers can implement the protocol using) A
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(only fixed-width integers, by rounding any overflowed values to the maximum possible value. ) S
0 -590.4 M
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(7.) S
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( Validation ) S
(Methods) S
0 -633.6 M
11 0 Nf
1.56730771 0 32 0 0 (The "validation method" specifies a method to "relate" the mutual authentication processed by this) A
0 -646.8 M
3.67773438 0 32 0 0 (protocol with other authentications already performed in the underlying layers and to prevent) A
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(man-in-the-middle attacks. It decides the value v that is an input to the authentication protocols. ) S
0 -660 M
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(The valid tokens for the validation field and corresponding values of v are as follows: ) S
11 -37.4 M
(host: ) S
33 -50.6 M
3.60216355 0 32 0 0 (hostname validation: The value v will be the ASCII string in the following format:) A
33 -63.8 M
0.1796875 0 32 0 0 ("<scheme>://<host>:<port>", where <scheme>, <host>, and <port> are the URI components) A
33 -77 M
1.13378906 0 32 0 0 (corresponding to the currently accessing resource. The scheme and host are in lower-case,) A
33 -90.2 M
0.447509766 0 32 0 0 (and the port is in a shortest decimal representation. Even if the request-URI does not have a) A
33 -103.4 M
(port part, v will include one. ) S
11 -116.6 M
(tls-cert: ) S
33 -129.8 M
0.133501843 0 32 0 0 (TLS certificate validation: The value v will be the octet string of the hash value of the public) A
33 -143 M
0.572115362 0 32 0 0 (key certificate used in the underlying ) A
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0.572115362 0 32 0 0 (TLS) A
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0.572115362 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC5246] \(or SSL\) connection. The hash value) A
33 -156.2 M
3.90564895 0 32 0 0 (is defined as the value of the entire signed certificate \(specified as "Certificate" in ) A
33 -169.4 M
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(\), hashed by the hash algorithm specified by the authentication algorithm used. ) S
11 -182.6 M
(tls-key: ) S
33 -195.8 M
0.926041663 0 32 0 0 (TLS shared-key validation: The value v will be the octet string of the shared master secret) A
33 -209 M
(negotiated in the underlying TLS \(or SSL\) ) S
(connection.) S
0 -233.2 M
0.083984375 0 32 0 0 (If the HTTP protocol is used on a non-encrypted channel \(TCP and SCTP, for example\), the validation) A
0 -246.4 M
1.02650666 0 32 0 0 (type MUST be "host". If ) A
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1.02650666 0 32 0 0 (HTTP/TLS) A
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1.02650666 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC2818] \(https\) protocol is used with the server certificates,) A
0 -259.6 M
1.90807295 0 32 0 0 (the validation type MUST be either "tls-cert" or "tls-key". If HTTP/TLS protocol is used with an) A
0 -272.8 M
0.00210336549 0 32 0 0 (anonymous Diffie-Hellman key exchange, the validation type MUST be "tls-key" \(see the note below\). ) A
0 -297 M
(Clients MUST validate this field upon reception of the 401-B0 messages. ) S
0 -321.2 M
2.49693084 0 32 0 0 (However, when the client is a Web browser with any scripting capabilities, the underlying TLS) A
0 -334.4 M
3.75260425 0 32 0 0 (channel used with HTTP/TLS MUST provide server identity verification. This means \(1\) the) A
0 -347.6 M
0.471028656 0 32 0 0 (anonymous Diffie-Hellman key exchange ciphersuite MUST\240NOT be used, and \(2\) the verification of) A
0 -360.8 M
(the server certificate provided from the server MUST be performed. ) S
0 -385 M
1.07728791 0 32 0 0 (For other systems, when the underlying TLS channel used with HTTP/TLS does not perform server) A
0 -398.2 M
0.773995519 0 32 0 0 (identity verification, the client SHOULD ensure that all the responses are validated using the Mutual) A
0 -411.4 M
(authentication protocol, regardless of the existence of the 401-B0 responses. ) S
0 -435.6 M
0.655413 0 32 0 0 (Note: The protocol defines two variants for validation on the TLS connections. The "tls-key" method) A
0 -448.8 M
(is more secure. However, there are some situations where tls-cert is more ) S
(preferable.) S
11 -469.4 M
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0.297135413 0 32 0 0 (When TLS accelerating proxies are used, it is difficult for the authenticating server to acquire the) A
22 -486.2 M
2.09099269 0 32 0 0 (TLS key information that is used between the client and the proxy. This is not the case for) A
22 -499.4 M
(client-side "tunneling" proxies using a CONNECT method extension of HTTP. ) S
11 -510 M
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(When a black-box implementation of the TLS protocol is used on either peer. ) S
0 -537.8 M
0.869673312 0 32 0 0 (Implementations supporting a Mutual authentication over the HTTPS protocol SHOULD support the) A
0 -551 M
("tls-cert" validation. Support for "tls-key" validation is OPTIONAL for both the servers and clients. ) S
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(8.) S
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( Decision procedure for ) S
(client) S
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11 0 Nf
0.688058 0 32 0 0 (To securely implement the protocol, the user client must be careful about accepting the authenticated) A
0 -618.4 M
1.74916291 0 32 0 0 (responses from the server. This also holds true for the reception of "normal responses" \(responses) A
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(which do not contain Mutual-related headers\) from HTTP servers. ) S
0 -631.6 M
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3.08919263 0 32 0 0 (Clients SHOULD implement a decision procedure equivalent to the one shown below. \(Unless) A
0 -26.4 M
1.42940843 0 32 0 0 (implementers understand what is required for the security, they should not alter this.\) In particular,) A
0 -39.6 M
0.892578125 0 32 0 0 (clients SHOULD\240NOT accept "normal responses" unless explicitly allowed below. The labels on the) A
0 -52.8 M
0.273158491 0 32 0 0 (steps are for informational purposes only. Entries within each step are checked in top-to-bottom order,) A
0 -66 M
(and the first clause satisfied SHOULD be taken. ) S
11 -90.2 M
(Step 1 \(step_new_request\): ) S
33 -103.4 M
1.3976562 0 32 0 0 (If the client software needs to access a new Web resource, check whether the resource is) A
33 -116.6 M
3.08894229 0 32 0 0 (expected to be inside some authentication realm for which the user has already been) A
33 -129.8 M
1.35993302 0 32 0 0 (authenticated by the Mutual authentication scheme. If yes, go to Step 2. Otherwise, go to) A
33 -143 M
(Step 5. ) S
11 -156.2 M
(Step 2: ) S
33 -169.4 M
0.988020837 0 32 0 0 (Check whether there is an available sid for the authentication realm you expect. If there is) A
33 -182.6 M
(one, go to Step 3. Otherwise, go to Step 4. ) S
11 -195.8 M
(Step 3 \(step_send_a3_1\): ) S
33 -209 M
(Send a req-A3 request. ) S
44 -219.6 M
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0.011117788 0 32 0 0 (If you receive a 401-B0 message with a different authentication realm than expected, go) A
55 -236.4 M
(to Step 6. ) S
44 -247 M
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1.48473012 0 32 0 0 (If you receive a 200-Optional-B0 message with a different authentication realm than) A
55 -263.8 M
(expected, go to Step 6. ) S
44 -274.4 M
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(If you receive a 401-B0-stale message, go to Step 9. ) S
44 -288.6 M
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(If you receive a 401-B0 message, go to Step 13. ) S
44 -302.8 M
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(If you receive a 200-B4 message, go to Step 14. ) S
44 -317 M
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(If you receive a normal response, go to Step ) S
(11.) S
11 -333.8 M
(Step 4 \(step_send_a1_1\): ) S
33 -347 M
(Send a req-A1 request. ) S
44 -357.6 M
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0.011117788 0 32 0 0 (If you receive a 401-B0 message with a different authentication realm than expected, go) A
55 -374.4 M
(to Step 6. ) S
44 -385 M
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1.48473012 0 32 0 0 (If you receive a 200-Optional-B0 message with a different authentication realm than) A
55 -401.8 M
(expected, go to Step 6. ) S
44 -412.4 M
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(If you receive a 401-B1 message, go to Step 10. ) S
44 -426.6 M
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0.170833334 0 32 0 0 (If you receive a 401-B0 message with the same authentication realm, go to Step 13 \(see) A
55 -443.4 M
(Note 1\). ) S
44 -454 M
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(If you receive a normal response, go to Step ) S
(11.) S
11 -470.8 M
(Step 5 \(step_send_normal_1\): ) S
33 -484 M
(Send a request without any Mutual authentication headers. ) S
44 -494.6 M
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(If you receive a 401-B0 message, go to Step 6. ) S
44 -508.8 M
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(If you receive a 200-Optional-B0 message, go to Step 6. ) S
44 -523 M
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(If you receive a normal response, go to Step ) S
(11.) S
11 -539.8 M
(Step 6 \(step_rcvd_b0\): ) S
33 -553 M
0.41015625 0 32 0 0 (Check whether you know the user's password for the requested authentication realm. If yes,) A
33 -566.2 M
(go to Step 7. Otherwise, go to Step 12. ) S
11 -579.4 M
(Step 7: ) S
33 -592.6 M
0.988020837 0 32 0 0 (Check whether there is an available sid for the authentication realm you expect. If there is) A
33 -605.8 M
(one, go to Step 8. Otherwise, go to Step 9. ) S
11 -619 M
(Step 8 \(step_send_a3\): ) S
33 -632.2 M
(Send a req-A3 request. ) S
44 -642.8 M
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(If you receive a 401-B0-stale message, go to Step 9. ) S
44 -657 M
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(If you receive a 401-B0 message, go to Step 13. ) S
55 -661.6 M
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(If you receive a 200-B4 message, go to Step ) S
(14.) S
11 -26.4 M
11 0 Nf
(Step 9 \(step_send_a1\): ) S
33 -39.6 M
(Send a req-A1 request. ) S
44 -50.2 M
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(If you receive a 401-B1 message, go to Step 10. ) S
44 -64.4 M
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(If you receive a 401-B0 message, go to Step 13 \(See Note ) S
(1\).) S
11 -81.2 M
(Step 10 \(step_rcvd_b1\): ) S
33 -94.4 M
(Send a req-A3 request. ) S
44 -105 M
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(If you receive a 401-B0 message, go to Step 13. ) S
44 -119.2 M
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(If you receive a 200-B4 message, go to Step ) S
(14.) S
11 -136 M
(Step 11 \(step_rcvd_normal\): ) S
33 -149.2 M
4.3088727 0 32 0 0 (The requested resource is out of the authenticated area. The client will be in the) A
33 -162.4 M
0.308203131 0 32 0 0 ("UNAUTHENTICATED" status. If the response contains a request for authentications other) A
33 -175.6 M
(than Mutual, it MAY be handled normally. ) S
11 -188.8 M
(Step 12 \(step_rcvd_b0_unknown\): ) S
33 -202 M
5.07682276 0 32 0 0 (The requested resource requires a Mutual authentication, and the user is not yet) A
33 -215.2 M
6.99335957 0 32 0 0 (authenticated. The client will be in the "AUTH_REQUESTED" status, and is) A
33 -228.4 M
1.31145835 0 32 0 0 (RECOMMENDED to process the content sent from the server, and to ask user for a user) A
33 -241.6 M
(name and a password. When those are supplied from the user, proceed to Step 9. ) S
11 -254.8 M
(Step 13 \(step_rcvd_b0_failed\): ) S
33 -268 M
0.689903855 0 32 0 0 (For some reason the authentication failed: possibly the password or the username is invalid) A
33 -281.2 M
1.28004813 0 32 0 0 (for the authenticated resource. Forget the password for the authentication realm and go to) A
33 -294.4 M
(Step 12. ) S
11 -307.6 M
(Step 14 \(step_rcvd_b4\): ) S
33 -320.8 M
1.10340071 0 32 0 0 (Check the validity of the received o_b value. If it is equal to the expected value, it means) A
33 -334 M
9.39595127 0 32 0 0 (that the mutual authentication has succeeded. The client will be in the) A
33 -347.2 M
("AUTH_SUCCEEDED" status. ) S
33 -360.4 M
(If the value is unexpected, it is a fatal communication error. ) S
33 -373.6 M
0.143798828 0 32 0 0 (If a user explicitly requests to log out \(via user interfaces\), the client MUST forget the user's) A
33 -386.8 M
(password, go to step 5 and reload the current resource without an authentication credential. ) S
11 -400 M
(Note 1: ) S
33 -413.2 M
(These transitions are valid for clients, but not recommended for servers to ) S
(initiate.) S
0 -437.4 M
1.1690104 0 32 0 0 (Any kind of response \(including a normal response\) other than those shown in the above procedure) A
0 -450.6 M
1.49469864 0 32 0 0 (SHOULD be interpreted as a fatal communication error, and in such cases the clients MUST\240NOT) A
0 -463.8 M
0.624442 0 32 0 0 (process any data \(response body and other content-related headers\) sent from the server. However, to) A
0 -477 M
0.473632812 0 32 0 0 (handle exceptional error cases, clients MAY accept a message without an Authentication-Info header,) A
0 -490.2 M
0.842773438 0 32 0 0 (if it is a Server-Error \(5xx\) status. The client will be in the "UNAUTHENTICATED" status in these) A
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(cases. ) S
0 -527.6 M
0.683072925 0 32 0 0 (The client software SHOULD display the three client status to the end-user. For an interactive client,) A
0 -540.8 M
0.412109375 0 32 0 0 (however, if a request is a sub-request for a resource included in another page \(e.g., embedded images,) A
0 -554 M
7.83323336 0 32 0 0 (style sheets, frames etc.\), its status MAY be omitted from being shown, and any) A
0 -567.2 M
1.35227275 0 32 0 0 ("AUTH_REQUESTED" statuses MAY be treated in the same way as an "UNAUTHENTICATED") A
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(status. ) S
0 -604.6 M
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exch sin 8.000 MU 95 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
250 95 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
250 95 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
GS
NP
684 100 M
700 100 700 150 16 AR
700 134 L
700 150 600 150 16 AR
616 150 L
600 150 600 100 16 AR
600 116 L
600 100 700 100 16 AR
CP
S
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
650 120 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(normal request) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(normal request) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
600 105 M
-35 -55 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 545 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 70 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
545 70 8.000 3.000 -55 -35 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
545 70 8.000 3.000 -55 -35 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
480 75 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(UNAUTHENTICATED) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(UNAUTHENTICATED) DU TGSW EX SH
GS CURP M 0 2 RM NE 0 RL S GR
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
320 125 M
0 280 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 600 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 125 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
600 125 8.000 3.000 280 0 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
600 125 8.000 3.000 280 0 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
535 100 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(normal response) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(normal response) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
NP
650 195 M
580 225 L
650 255 L
720 225 L
CP
GS
GR
GS
S
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
650 220 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(user/pass) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(user/pass) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(known?) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(known?) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
650 150 M
45 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 650 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 195 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
650 195 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
650 195 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
650 165 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B0) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(200-Optional-B0) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
590 230 M
25 -55 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 535 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 255 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
535 255 8.000 3.000 -55 25 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
535 255 8.000 3.000 -55 25 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
475 260 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(AUTH_REQUESTED) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(AUTH_REQUESTED) DU TGSW EX SH
GS CURP M 0 2 RM NE 0 RL S GR
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
570 230 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(NO) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(NO) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
330 120 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(NO) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(NO) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
NP
250 295 M
180 325 L
250 355 L
320 325 L
CP
GS
GR
GS
S
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
250 320 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(session) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(session) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(available?) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(available?) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
250 155 M
140 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 250 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 295 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
250 295 8.000 3.000 0 140 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
250 295 8.000 3.000 0 140 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
GS
NP
284 400 M
300 400 300 450 16 AR
300 434 L
300 450 200 450 16 AR
216 450 L
200 450 200 400 16 AR
200 416 L
200 400 300 400 16 AR
CP
S
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
250 420 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A3) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A3) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
250 355 M
45 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 250 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 400 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
250 400 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
250 400 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
190 715 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(UNAUTHENTICATED) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(UNAUTHENTICATED) DU TGSW EX SH
GS CURP M 0 2 RM NE 0 RL S GR
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
200 430 M
180 480 L
215 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 180 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 695 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
180 695 8.000 3.000 0 215 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
180 695 8.000 3.000 0 215 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
225 640 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(normal resonse) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(normal resonse) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
300 425 M
0 90 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 390 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 425 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
390 425 8.000 3.000 90 0 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
390 425 8.000 3.000 90 0 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
345 420 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B0) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
450 430 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(AUTH_REQUESTED) TGSW
AD
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(:) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(AUTH_REQUESTED) DU TGSW EX SH
GS CURP M 0 2 RM NE 0 RL S GR
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(:) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(forget password) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(forget password) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
180 325 M
180 460 L
250 480 L
20 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 250 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 500 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
250 500 8.000 3.000 0 20 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
250 500 8.000 3.000 0 20 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
GS
NP
284 500 M
300 500 300 550 16 AR
300 534 L
300 550 200 550 16 AR
216 550 L
200 550 200 500 16 AR
200 516 L
200 500 300 500 16 AR
CP
S
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
250 520 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A1) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A1) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
170 335 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(NO) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(NO) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
200 525 M
180 555 L
140 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 180 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 695 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
180 695 8.000 3.000 0 140 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
180 695 8.000 3.000 0 140 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
450 600 M
-150 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 450 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 450 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
450 450 8.000 3.000 0 -150 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
450 450 8.000 3.000 0 -150 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
455 580 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B0) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
450 720 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(AUTH_SUCCEED) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(AUTH_SUCCEED) DU TGSW EX SH
GS CURP M 0 2 RM NE 0 RL S GR
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
250 550 M
80 150 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 400 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 630 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
400 630 8.000 3.000 150 80 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
400 630 8.000 3.000 150 80 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
295 445 M
250 105 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 400 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 695 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
400 695 8.000 3.000 105 250 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
400 695 8.000 3.000 105 250 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
345 552 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(200-B4) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
250 580 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B1) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
GS
NP
484 600 M
500 600 500 650 16 AR
500 634 L
500 650 400 650 16 AR
416 650 L
400 650 400 600 16 AR
400 616 L
400 600 500 600 16 AR
CP
S
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
450 620 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A3) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A3) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
455 682 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(200-B4) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
450 650 M
45 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 450 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 695 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
450 695 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
450 695 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
NP
650 295 M
580 325 L
650 355 L
720 325 L
CP
GS
GR
GS
S
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
650 320 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(session) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(session) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(available?) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(available?) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
GS
NP
684 400 M
700 400 700 450 16 AR
700 434 L
700 450 600 450 16 AR
616 450 L
600 450 600 400 16 AR
600 416 L
600 400 700 400 16 AR
CP
S
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
650 420 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A3) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A3) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
650 355 M
45 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 650 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 400 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
650 400 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
650 400 8.000 3.000 0 45 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
GS
NP
684 500 M
700 500 700 550 16 AR
700 534 L
700 550 600 550 16 AR
616 550 L
600 550 600 500 16 AR
600 516 L
600 500 700 500 16 AR
CP
S
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
650 520 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(send) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A1) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(req-A1) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
650 255 M
40 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 650 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 295 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
650 295 8.000 3.000 0 40 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
650 295 8.000 3.000 0 40 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
520 420 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B0) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
600 425 M
0 -90 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 510 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 425 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
510 425 8.000 3.000 -90 0 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
510 425 8.000 3.000 -90 0 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
720 325 M
720 465 L
650 480 L
20 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 650 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 500 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
650 500 8.000 3.000 0 20 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
650 500 8.000 3.000 0 20 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
630 570 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B1) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
650 550 M
75 -150 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 500 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 625 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
500 625 8.000 3.000 -150 75 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
500 625 8.000 3.000 -150 75 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
605 445 M
250 -105 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 500 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 695 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
500 695 8.000 3.000 -105 250 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
500 695 8.000 3.000 -105 250 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
520 552 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(200-B4) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
300 440 M
65 305 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 605 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 505 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
605 505 8.000 3.000 305 65 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
605 505 8.000 3.000 305 65 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
625 450 M
50 0 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 625 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 500 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
625 500 8.000 3.000 0 50 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
625 500 8.000 3.000 0 50 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
355 475 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B0-stale) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
630 465 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B0-stale) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
730 320 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(NO) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(NO) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
665 265 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(YES) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(YES) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
235 165 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(YES) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(YES) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
265 365 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(YES) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(YES) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
635 365 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(YES) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(YES) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
775 45 M
GS
GS
0
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(USER/PASS INPUTED) TGSW
AD
GR
2 DI NE 0 RM
0 SG
/Times-Roman FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(USER/PASS INPUTED) DU TGSW EX SH
GS CURP M 0 2 RM NE 0 RL S GR
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
780 50 M
780 470 L
35 -85 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 695 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 505 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
695 505 8.000 3.000 -85 35 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
695 505 8.000 3.000 -85 35 TGAT
CP F
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
295 405 M
330 355 L
330 180 L
0 320 atan DU cos 8.000 MU 650 exch SU
exch sin 8.000 MU 180 exch SU L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
GS
TGSM
NP
650 180 8.000 3.000 320 0 TGAT
1 SG CP F
0 SG
NP
650 180 8.000 3.000 320 0 TGAT
CP F
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
345 160 M
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(401-B0, 200-Optional-B0) SH
GR
0 15 RM
GS
0 SG
/Times-BoldItalic FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
( with different realm ) SH
GR
GR
0 SG
GS
NP
295 505 M
330 460 L
330 355 L
TGSM
1 W
S
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
195 105 M
GS
0 SG
/Helvetica FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(\(1\)) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
200 325 M
GS
0 SG
/Helvetica FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(\(2\)) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
210 415 M
GS
0 SG
/Helvetica FF [12 0 0 -12 0 0] MS
(\(3\)) SH
GR
GR
NP
0 SG
GS
1 W
210 515 M
GS
0 SG
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(\240Figure\24010: State diagram for ) S
(clients\240) S
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(9.) S
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( Decision procedure for the ) S
(server) S
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11 0 Nf
0.0256076381 0 32 0 0 (Each server SHOULD have a table of session states. This table need not be persistent over a long term;) A
0 -498.2 M
0.69255513 0 32 0 0 (it MAY be cleared upon server restart, reboot, or others. Each entry in the table SHOULD contain at) A
0 -511.4 M
(least the following information: ) S
11 -532 M
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(The session identifier, the value of the sid field. ) S
11 -546.2 M
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(The algorithm used. ) S
11 -560.4 M
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(The authentication realm. ) S
11 -574.6 M
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(The state of the protocol: one of "wa received", "authenticated", "rejected", or "inactive". ) S
11 -588.8 M
gsave
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(The user name received from the client ) S
11 -603 M
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(The boolean flag noting whether or not the session is fake. ) S
11 -617.2 M
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(When the state is "wa received", the values of wa and sb. ) S
11 -631.4 M
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(When the state is "authenticated", the following information: ) S
33 -645.6 M
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(The value of the session secret z ) S
33 -659.8 M
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(The largest nc received from the client \(largest-nc\) ) S
44 -664.4 M
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11 0 Nf
3.39531255 0 32 0 0 (For each possible nc values between \(largest-nc\240-\240nc-window\240+\2401\) and max_nc, a flag) A
44 -26.4 M
11 0 Nf
(whether or not a request with the corresponding nc has been received. ) S
0 -50.6 M
(The table MAY contain other information. ) S
0 -74.8 M
(Servers SHOULD respond to the client requests according to the following procedure: ) S
11 -95.4 M
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(When the server receives a normal request: ) S
33 -109.6 M
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2.40655041 0 32 0 0 (If the requested resource is not protected by the Mutual Authentication, send a normal) A
44 -126.4 M
(response. ) S
33 -137 M
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(If the resource is protected by the Mutual Authentication, send a 401-B0 response. ) S
33 -151.2 M
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44 -154.8 M
0.849283874 0 32 0 0 (If the resource is protected by the optional Mutual Authentication, send a 200-Optional-B0 ) A
44 -168 M
(response.) S
11 -178.6 M
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(When the server receives a req-A1 request: ) S
33 -192.8 M
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2.40655041 0 32 0 0 (If the requested resource is not protected by the Mutual Authentication, send a normal) A
44 -209.6 M
(response. ) S
33 -220.2 M
gsave
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44 -223.8 M
1.86495531 0 32 0 0 (If the authentication realm specified in the req-A1 request is not the expected one, send) A
44 -237 M
(either a 401-B0 or a 200-Optional-B0 response. ) S
33 -247.6 M
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(If the server cannot validate the field wa, send a 401-B0 response. ) S
33 -261.8 M
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0.818638384 0 32 0 0 (If the received user name is either invalid, unknown or unacceptable, create a new session,) A
44 -278.6 M
0.649414062 0 32 0 0 (mark it a "fake" session, compute a random value as wb, and send a fake 401-B1 response.) A
44 -291.8 M
1.01255584 0 32 0 0 (\(Note: the server SHOULD\240NOT send a 401-B0 response in this case, because it will leak) A
44 -305 M
0.395312488 0 32 0 0 (the information to the client that the specified user will not be accepted. Instead, postpone it) A
44 -318.2 M
(to the response for the next req-A3 request.\) ) S
33 -328.8 M
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(Otherwise, create a new session, compute wb and send a 401-B1 ) S
(response.) S
22 -345.6 M
(The created session has the "wa received" state. ) S
11 -356.2 M
gsave
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(When the server receives a req-A3 request: ) S
33 -370.4 M
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2.40655041 0 32 0 0 (If the requested resource is not protected by the Mutual Authentication, send a normal) A
44 -387.2 M
(response. ) S
33 -397.8 M
gsave
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44 -401.4 M
1.86495531 0 32 0 0 (If the authentication realm specified in the req-A3 request is not the expected one, send) A
44 -414.6 M
(either a 401-B0 or a 200-Optional-B0 ) S
(response.) S
22 -427.8 M
0.752197266 0 32 0 0 (If none of above holds true, the server will lookup the session corresponding to the received sid) A
22 -441 M
(and the authentication realm. ) S
33 -451.6 M
gsave
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44 -455.2 M
0.778952181 0 32 0 0 (If the session corresponding to the received sid could not be found, or it is inactive, send a) A
44 -468.4 M
(401-B0-stale response. ) S
33 -479 M
gsave
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(If the session is in the "rejected" state, send either a 401-B0 or a 401-B0-stale message. ) S
33 -493.2 M
gsave
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44 -496.8 M
1.94209564 0 32 0 0 (If the session is a "fake" session, or if the received oa is incorrect, then send a 401-B0) A
44 -510 M
2.93307281 0 32 0 0 (response. If the session is in the "wa received" state, it SHOULD be changed to the) A
44 -523.2 M
0.769010425 0 32 0 0 ("rejected" state; otherwise, it MAY either be changed to the "rejected" status or kept in the) A
44 -536.4 M
(previous state. ) S
33 -547 M
gsave
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44 -550.6 M
1.34834564 0 32 0 0 (If the session is in the "active" state, and the request has an nc value that was previously) A
44 -563.8 M
0.315204322 0 32 0 0 (received from the client, send a 401-B0-stale message. The session SHOULD be changed to) A
44 -577 M
(the "inactive" status. ) S
33 -587.6 M
gsave
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44 -591.2 M
0.817578137 0 32 0 0 (If the nc value in the request is larger than the nc-max field sent from the server, or if it is) A
44 -604.4 M
1.124349 0 32 0 0 (not larger then \(largest-nc - nc-window\) \(when in "authenticated" status\), the server MAY) A
44 -617.6 M
0.336538464 0 32 0 0 (\(not REQUIRED to\) send a 401-B0-stale message. The session SHOULD be changed to the) A
44 -630.8 M
("inactive" status if so. ) S
33 -641.4 M
gsave
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0.184375 0 32 0 0 (Otherwise, send a 200-B4 response. If the session was in the "wa received" state, the session) A
44 -658.2 M
0.346875 0 32 0 0 (SHOULD be changed to an "authenticated" state. The maximum nc and nc flags of the state) A
44 -671.4 M
(SHOULD be updated properly. ) S
0 -671.4 M
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1.42135417 0 32 0 0 (At any time, the server MAY change any state entries with both the "rejected" and "authenticated") A
0 -26.4 M
1.48177087 0 32 0 0 (statuses to the "inactive" status, and MAY discard any "inactive" states from the table. The entries) A
0 -39.6 M
0.110523894 0 32 0 0 (with the "wa received" status SHOULD be kept unless there is an emergency situation such as a server) A
0 -52.8 M
(reboot or a table capacity overflow. ) S
0 -63.8 M
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(10.) S
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( Authentication-Control ) S
(header) S
0 -93.8 M
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( ) S
%%IncludeResource: font Courier-Oblique
9.0 5 Nf
(Authentication-Control-header) S
0 -126.4 M
9.0 4 Nf
( = "Authentication-Control" ":" [) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
(]) S
0 -137.2 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(auth-scheme) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(Auth-Ctrl-fields) S
0 -148 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(Auth-Ctrl-fields) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(Auth-Ctrl-field) S
0 -158.8 M
9.0 4 Nf
( *\([) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
(] "," ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(spaces) S
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(Auth-Ctrl-field) S
9.0 4 Nf
(\)) S
0 -169.6 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(Auth-Ctrl-field) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(loc-when-unauthed) S
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(loc-when-logout) S
0 -180.4 M
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(logout-timeout) S
0 -191.2 M
9.0 4 Nf
( / ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(extension-field) S
0 -202 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(loc-when-unauthed) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "location-when-unauthenticated" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
0 -212.8 M
9.0 4 Nf
( ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(loc-when-logout) S
9.0 4 Nf
( = "location-when-logout" "=" ) S
9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
118.6 -235.7 M
7.63889 2 Nf
(\240Figure\24011: the BNF syntax for the Authentication-Control ) S
(header\240) S
0 -249.6 M
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11 0 Nf
1.72836542 0 32 0 0 (The Authentication-Control header provides a more precise control of the client behavior for Web) A
0 -287 M
1.65414667 0 32 0 0 (applications using the Mutual authentication protocol. This header will usually be generated in the) A
0 -300.2 M
1.79807687 0 32 0 0 (application layer, as opposed to WWW-Authenticate headers which will be generated by the Web) A
0 -313.4 M
(servers. ) S
0 -337.6 M
0.129206732 0 32 0 0 (Support of this header is RECOMMENDED for interactive clients and not required for non-interactive) A
0 -350.8 M
1.07896209 0 32 0 0 (clients. Web applications SHOULD consider the security impacts of the behaviors of clients that do) A
0 -364 M
(not support this header. ) S
0 -388.2 M
1.3040365 0 32 0 0 (The "auth-scheme" of this header and other authentication-related headers within the same message) A
0 -401.4 M
1.08723962 0 32 0 0 (MUST be equal. This document does not define any behavior associated with this header, when the) A
0 -414.6 M
("auth-scheme" of this header is not "Mutual". ) S
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(10.1.) S
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( Location-when-unauthenticated ) S
(field) S
0 -465.4 M
11 0 Nf
(Authentication-Control: Mutual) S
0 -478.6 M
(location-when-unauthenticated="http://www.example.com/login.html" ) S
0 -502.8 M
2.99392366 0 32 0 0 (The field "location-when-unauthenticated" specifies a location where any unauthenticated clients) A
0 -516 M
0.637152791 0 32 0 0 (should be redirected to. This header may be used, for example, when there is a central login page for) A
0 -529.2 M
1.01378679 0 32 0 0 (the entire Web application. The value of this field MUST be a string that contains an absolute URL) A
0 -542.4 M
0.550998271 0 32 0 0 (location. If a given URL is not absolute, the clients MAY consider it a relative URL from the current) A
0 -555.6 M
(location. ) S
0 -579.8 M
0.331054688 0 32 0 0 (This field MAY be used with a 401-B0 and 200-Optional-B0 message; however, use of this field with) A
0 -593 M
0.126802891 0 32 0 0 (200-Optional-B0 messages is not recommended. If there is a 200-B4, 401-B0-stale or 401-B1 message) A
0 -606.2 M
(with this field, the clients MUST ignore this field. ) S
0 -630.4 M
0.943359375 0 32 0 0 (When a client receives a message with this field, if and only if the client's state after processing the) A
0 -643.6 M
0.235546872 0 32 0 0 (response is either Step 12 or 13 \(i.e., a state in which the client will process the response body and ask) A
0 -656.8 M
2.10850692 0 32 0 0 (for the user's password\), the client will treat the entire response as if it were a 303 "See Other") A
0 -670 M
0.94416362 0 32 0 0 (response with a Location header that contains the value of this field \(i.e., client will be redirected to) A
0 -670 M
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11 0 Nf
1.30810547 0 32 0 0 (the specified location with a GET request\). Unlike a normal 303 response, if the client can process) A
0 -26.4 M
11 0 Nf
(authentication without the user's interaction \(like Steps 3, 4, 8, 9 and 10\), this field is ignored. ) S
0 -50.6 M
0.45 0 32 0 0 (The specified location SHOULD be included in a set of locations specified in the "auth-domain" field) A
0 -63.8 M
(of the corresponding 401-B0 message. If this is not satisfied, the clients MAY ignore this field. ) S
0 -74.8 M
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(10.2.) S
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( Location-when-logout ) S
(field) S
0 -114.6 M
11 0 Nf
(Authentication-Control: Mutual location-when-logout="http://www.example.com/byebye.html" ) S
0 -138.8 M
0.16744791 0 32 0 0 (The field "location-when-logout" specifies a location where the client is to be redirected when the user) A
0 -152 M
1.1206342 0 32 0 0 (explicitly request a logout. The value of this field MUST be a string that contains an absolute URL) A
0 -165.2 M
0.550998271 0 32 0 0 (location. If a given URL is not absolute, the clients MAY consider it a relative URL from the current) A
0 -178.4 M
(location. ) S
0 -202.6 M
3.58537936 0 32 0 0 (This field MAY be used with 200-B4 messages. If there is a 401-B0, 401-B1, 401-B0-stale,) A
0 -215.8 M
(200-Optional-B0 or normal 200 message with this field, the clients MUST ignore this field. ) S
0 -240 M
1.51855469 0 32 0 0 (When the user of a client request to terminate an authentication session, and if the client currently) A
0 -253.2 M
1.44577205 0 32 0 0 (displays a page supplied by a response with this field, the client will be redirected to the specified) A
0 -266.4 M
0.161458328 0 32 0 0 (location by a new GET request \(as if it received a 303 response\), instead of reloading the page without) A
0 -279.6 M
1.046875 0 32 0 0 (the authentication credential. Web applications are encouraged to send this field with an appropriate) A
0 -292.8 M
(value for any responses \(except those with redirection \(3XX\) statuses\) for non-GET requests. ) S
0 -303.8 M
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13 2 Nf
(10.3.) S
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( ) S
(Logout-timeout) S
0 -343.6 M
11 0 Nf
(Authentication-Control: Mutual logout-timeout=300 ) S
0 -367.8 M
5.25520849 0 32 0 0 (The field "logout-timeout" has the same meaning as the field of the same name in the) A
0 -381 M
1.76532447 0 32 0 0 ("Authentication-Info" header. This field will be used with 200-B4 messages. If both are specified,) A
0 -394.2 M
(clients are RECOMMENDED to use the one with the smaller value. ) S
0 -405.2 M
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(11.) S
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( Authentication ) S
(Algorithms) S
0 -448.4 M
11 0 Nf
0.81640625 0 32 0 0 (This document specifies only one family of the authentication algorithm. The family consists of four) A
0 -461.6 M
2.23366475 0 32 0 0 (authentication algorithms, which only differ in their underlying mathematical groups and security) A
0 -474.8 M
(parameters. The algorithms do not add any additional fields. The tokens for these algorithms ) S
(are) S
11 -495.4 M
gsave
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22 -499 M
2.0859375 0 32 0 0 (iso-kam3-ec-p256-sha256: for the 256-bit prime-field elliptic-curve setting with the SHA-256) A
22 -512.2 M
(hash function. ) S
11 -522.8 M
gsave
0 setgray
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11.0 -522.770142 2.75 0 360 arc
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22 -526.4 M
2.0859375 0 32 0 0 (iso-kam3-ec-p521-sha512: for the 521-bit prime-field elliptic-curve setting with the SHA-512) A
22 -539.6 M
(hash function. ) S
11 -550.2 M
gsave
0 setgray
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11.0 -550.170166 2.75 0 360 arc
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22 -553.8 M
2.421875 0 32 0 0 (iso-kam3-dl-2048-sha256: for the 2048-bit discrete-logarithm setting with the SHA-256 hash) A
22 -567 M
(function. ) S
11 -577.6 M
gsave
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11.0 -577.57019 2.75 0 360 arc
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22 -581.2 M
2.421875 0 32 0 0 (iso-kam3-dl-4096-sha512: for the 4096-bit discrete-logarithm setting with the SHA-512 hash ) A
22 -594.4 M
(function.) S
0 -618.6 M
0.172916666 0 32 0 0 (For the elliptic-curve settings, the underlying groups are the elliptic curves over the prime fields P-256) A
0 -631.8 M
3.006392 0 32 0 0 (and P-521, respectively, specified in the appendix\240D.1.2 of ) A
gsave
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54.9034081 0 RL
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3.006392 0 32 0 0 (FIPS PUB ) A
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340.1 -632.9 M
25.6601562 0 RL
stroke
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3.006392 0 32 0 0 (186-3) A
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3.006392 0 32 0 0 ( [FIPS.186-3.2009]) A
0 -645 M
1.63802087 0 32 0 0 (specification. The hash functions H are SHA-256 for the P-256 curve and SHA-512 for the P-521) A
0 -658.2 M
1.30859375 0 32 0 0 (curve, respectively, defined in ) A
gsave
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140.8 -659.3 M
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1.30859375 0 32 0 0 (FIPS PUB ) A
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25.6601562 0 RL
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1.30859375 0 32 0 0 (180-2) A
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1.30859375 0 32 0 0 ( [FIPS.180-2.2002]. The representation of the fields) A
0 -671.4 M
(wa, wb, oa, and ob is hex-fixed-number. ) S
0 -671.4 M
gsave
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11 0 Nf
1.56119788 0 32 0 0 (For discrete-logarithm settings, the underlying groups are the 2048-bit and 4096-bit MODP groups) A
0 -26.4 M
1.56069708 0 32 0 0 (defined in ) A
gsave
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50.2 -27.5 M
50.1054688 0 RL
stroke
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1.56069708 0 32 0 0 ([RFC3526]) A
[/Rect [49.1523438 -29.1500015 101.257812 -17.0500011] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 0] /Dest /104 /ANN pdfmark
1.56069708 0 32 0 0 (, respectively. See ) A
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1.56069708 0 32 0 0 (Appendix\240B) A
[/Rect [186.695312 -29.1500015 242.160156 -17.0500011] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 0] /Dest /123 /ANN pdfmark
1.56069708 0 32 0 0 ( for the exact specifications of the groups and) A
0 -39.6 M
0.0911458358 0 32 0 0 (associated parameters. The hash functions H are SHA-256 for the 2048-bit group and SHA-512 for the) A
0 -52.8 M
(4096-bit group. The representation of the fields wa, wb, oa, and ob is base64-fixed-number. ) S
0 -77 M
1.375651 0 32 0 0 (The clients SHOULD support at least the "iso-kam3-dl-2048-sha256" algorithm, and are advised to) A
0 -90.2 M
4.73473024 0 32 0 0 (support all of the above-mentioned four algorithms whenever possible. The server software) A
0 -103.4 M
2.50351572 0 32 0 0 (implementations SHOULD support at least the "iso-kam3-dl-2048-sha256" algorithm, unless it is) A
0 -116.6 M
(known that users will not use it. ) S
0 -140.8 M
0.408203125 0 32 0 0 (Note: This algorithm is based on the Key Agreement Mechanism 3 \(KAM3\) defined in Section 6.3 of ) A
0 -154 M
gsave
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0 -155.1 M
49.4101562 0 RL
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8.17578125 0 32 0 0 (ISO/IEC ) A
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49.4 -155.1 M
36.6601562 0 RL
stroke
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8.17578125 0 32 0 0 (11770-4) A
[/Rect [-1.0 -156.749985 87.0703125 -144.649979] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 0] /Dest /111 /ANN pdfmark
8.17578125 0 32 0 0 ( [ISO.11770-4.2006] with a few modifications/improvements. However,) A
0 -167.2 M
1.37469947 0 32 0 0 (implementers should use this document as the normative reference, because the algorithm has been) A
0 -180.4 M
(changed in several minor details as well as major improvements. ) S
0 -191.4 M
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(11.1.) S
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( Support functions and ) S
(notations) S
0 -231.2 M
11 0 Nf
(The algorithm definitions use several support functions and notations defined ) S
(below:) S
0 -255.4 M
(The integers in the specification are in decimal, or in hexadecimal when prefixed with ) S
("0x".) S
0 -279.6 M
1.30009186 0 32 0 0 (The function octet\(c\) generates a single octet string whose code value is equal to c. The operator |,) A
0 -292.8 M
(when applied to octet strings, denotes the concatenation of two ) S
(operands.) S
0 -317 M
1.88616073 0 32 0 0 (The function VI encodes natural numbers into octet strings in the following manner: numbers are) A
0 -330.2 M
0.163783476 0 32 0 0 (represented in big-endian radix-128 string, where each digit is represented by a octet within 0x80\2350xff) A
0 -343.4 M
0.217285156 0 32 0 0 (except the last digit represented by a octet within 0x00\2350x7f. The first octet MUST\240NOT be 0x80. For) A
0 -356.6 M
0.31266275 0 32 0 0 (example, VI\(i\) = octet\(i\) for i < 128, and VI\(i\) = octet\(0x80 + \(i >> 7\)\) | octet\(i & 127\) for 128 <= i <) A
0 -369.8 M
1.04848349 0 32 0 0 (16384. This encoding is the same as the one used for the subcomponents of object identifiers in ) A
gsave
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440.5 -370.9 M
13.4375 0 RL
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1.04848349 0 32 0 0 (the) A
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0 -383 M
gsave
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0 -384.1 M
33.7176323 0 RL
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0.721540153 0 32 0 0 (ASN.1 ) A
gsave
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33.7 -384.1 M
40.3203125 0 RL
stroke
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0.721540153 0 32 0 0 (encoding) A
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0.721540153 0 32 0 0 ( [ITU.X690.1994], and available as a "w" conversion in the pack function of several) A
0 -396.2 M
(scripting languages. ) S
0 -420.4 M
1.15820312 0 32 0 0 (The function VS encodes a variable-length octet string into a uniquely-decoded, self-delimited octet) A
0 -433.6 M
(string, as in the following manner: ) S
0 -457.8 M
(VS\(s\) = VI\(length\(s\)\) | s ) S
0 -482 M
(where length\(s\) is a number of octets \(not characters\) in s. ) S
0 -506.2 M
2.7606535 0 32 0 0 ([Editorial note: Unlike the colon-separated notion used in the Basic/Digest HTTP authentication) A
0 -519.4 M
0.752790153 0 32 0 0 (scheme, the string generated by a concatenation of the VS-encoded strings will be unique, regardless) A
0 -532.6 M
(of the characters included in the strings to be encoded.] ) S
0 -556.8 M
1.48697913 0 32 0 0 (The function OCTETS converts an integer into the corresponding radix-256 big-endian octet string) A
0 -570 M
(having its natural length: See ) S
gsave
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131 -571.1 M
49.4882812 0 RL
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(Section\2403.2) S
[/Rect [130.035156 -572.750183 181.523438 -560.650208] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 0] /Dest /23 /ANN pdfmark
( for the definition of "natural length". ) S
0 -594.2 M
2.67103791 0 32 0 0 (Note: The definition of OCTETS\(\) is different from the function GE2OS_x in the original ISO) A
0 -607.4 M
(specification, which takes the shortest representation. ) S
0 -618.4 M
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0 -618.4 M
gsave
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(11.2.) S
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( Common functions for both ) S
(settings) S
0 -39.8 M
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11 0 Nf
(The password-based string pi used by this authentication is derived in the following manner: ) S
0 -64 M
(pi = H\(VS\(algorithm\) | VS\(auth-domain\) | VS\(realm\) | VS\(username\) | VS\(ph\(password\)\). ) S
0 -88.2 M
0.00927734375 0 32 0 0 (The values of algorithm, realm, and auth-domain are taken from the values contained in the 401-B0 \(or) A
0 -101.4 M
1.80104172 0 32 0 0 (200-Optional-B0, hereafter implied\) message. When pi is used in the context of an octet string, it) A
0 -114.6 M
1.02604163 0 32 0 0 (SHALL have the natural length derived from the size of the output of function H \(e.g. 32 octets for) A
0 -127.8 M
2.20214844 0 32 0 0 (SHA-256\). The function ph is determined by the value of the pwd-hash field given in a 401-B0) A
0 -141 M
(message. The password SHALL be encoded as a UTF-8 string before passed to ph. ) S
0 -165.2 M
(The values o_A and o_B are derived by the following equation. ) S
0 -189.4 M
(o_A = H\(octet\(4\) | OCTETS\(w_A\) | OCTETS\(w_B\) | OCTETS\(z\) | VI\(nc\) | VS\(v\)\) ) S
0 -202.6 M
(o_B = H\(octet\(3\) | OCTETS\(w_A\) | OCTETS\(w_B\) | OCTETS\(z\) | VI\(nc\) | VS\(v\)\) ) S
0 -226.8 M
0.0869140625 0 32 0 0 (The equations for J, w_A, T, z, and w_B are specified differently for the discrete-logarithm setting and) A
0 -240 M
(the elliptic-curve setting. These equations are defined later in this section. ) S
0 -251 M
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13 2 Nf
(11.3.) S
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( Functions for discrete-logarithm ) S
(settings) S
0 -290.8 M
11 0 Nf
0.519886374 0 32 0 0 (In this section, an equation \(x / y mod z\) denotes a natural number w less than z that satisfies \(w * y\)) A
0 -304 M
(mod z = x mod z. ) S
0 -328.2 M
0.05 0 32 0 0 (For the discrete-logarithm, we refer to some of the domain parameters by using the following symbols: ) A
11 -348.8 M
gsave
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22 -352.4 M
(q: for "the prime" of the group. ) S
11 -363 M
gsave
0 setgray
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11.0 -362.970032 2.75 0 360 arc
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22 -366.6 M
(g: for "the generator" associated with the group. ) S
11 -377.2 M
gsave
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22 -380.8 M
(r: for the order of the subgroup generated by ) S
(g.) S
0 -405 M
(The function J is defined as ) S
0 -429.2 M
(J\(pi\) = g^\(pi\) mod q. ) S
0 -453.4 M
(The value of w_A is derived as ) S
0 -477.6 M
(w_A = g^\(s_A\) mod q, ) S
0 -501.8 M
0.109188989 0 32 0 0 (where s_A is a random integer within range [1, r-1] and r is the size of the subgroup generated by g. In) A
0 -515 M
(addition, s_A MUST be larger than log\(q\)/log\(g\) \(so that g^\(s_A\) > q\). ) S
0 -539.2 M
2.07927394 0 32 0 0 (The value of w_A SHALL satisfy 1 < w_A < q-1. The server MUST check this condition upon) A
0 -552.4 M
(reception. ) S
0 -576.6 M
(The value of w_B is derived from J\(pi\) and w_A as: ) S
0 -600.8 M
(w_B = \(J\(pi\) * w_A^\(H\(octet\(1\) | OCTETS\(w_A\)\)\)\)^s_B mod q, ) S
0 -625 M
0.286328137 0 32 0 0 (where s_B is a random number within range [1, r-1]. The value of w_B MUST satisfy 1 < w_B < q-1.) A
0 -638.2 M
1.31847429 0 32 0 0 (If this condition is not held, the server MUST retry using another value for s_B. The client MUST) A
0 -651.4 M
(check this condition upon reception. ) S
0 -651.4 M
gsave
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(The value z on the client side is derived by the following equation: ) S
0 -37.4 M
0.037224263 0 32 0 0 (z = w_B^\(\(s_A + H\(octet\(2\) | OCTETS\(w_A\) | OCTETS\(w_B\)\)\) / \(s_A * H\(octet\(1\) | w_A\) + pi\) mod) A
0 -50.6 M
(r\) mod q. ) S
0 -74.8 M
(The value z on the server side is derived by the following equation: ) S
0 -99 M
(z = \(w_A * g^\(H\(octet\(2\) | OCTETS\(w_A\) | OCTETS\(w_B\)\)\)\)^s_B mod q. ) S
0 -110 M
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(11.4.) S
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( Functions for elliptic-curve ) S
(settings) S
0 -149.8 M
11 0 Nf
(For the elliptic-curve setting, we refer to some of the domain parameters by the following symbols: ) S
11 -170.4 M
gsave
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(q: for the prime used to define the group. ) S
11 -184.6 M
gsave
0 setgray
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11.0 -184.57 2.75 0 360 arc
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22 -188.2 M
(G: for the defined point called the generator. ) S
11 -198.8 M
gsave
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11.0 -198.77 2.75 0 360 arc
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22 -202.4 M
(r: for the order of the subgroup generated by ) S
(G.) S
0 -226.6 M
0.547080576 0 32 0 0 (The function P\(p\) converts a curve point p into an integer representing point p, by computing x * 2 +) A
0 -239.8 M
1.34505212 0 32 0 0 (\(y mod 2\), where \(x, y\) are the coordinates of point p. P'\(z\) is the inverse of function P, that is, it) A
0 -253 M
2.06347656 0 32 0 0 (converts an integer z to a point p that satisfies P\(p\) = z. If such p exists, it is uniquely defined.) A
0 -266.2 M
5.48723936 0 32 0 0 (Otherwise, z does not represent a valid curve point. The operation [x] * p denotes an) A
0 -279.4 M
2.1461761 0 32 0 0 (integer-multiplication of point p: it calculates p + p + ... \(x times\) ... + p. See the literatures on) A
0 -292.6 M
2.63541675 0 32 0 0 (elliptic-curve cryptography for the exact algorithms used for those functions. 0_E represents the) A
0 -305.8 M
0.151413694 0 32 0 0 (infinity point. The equation \(x / y mod z\) denotes an natural number w less than z that satisfies \(w * y\)) A
0 -319 M
(mod z = x mod z. ) S
0 -343.2 M
(The function J is defined as ) S
0 -367.4 M
(J\(pi\) = [pi] * G. ) S
0 -391.6 M
(The value of w_A is derived as ) S
0 -415.8 M
(w_A = P\(W_A\), where W_A = [s_A] * G, ) S
0 -440 M
0.178602427 0 32 0 0 (where s_A is a random number within range [1, r-1]. The value of w_A MUST represent a valid curve) A
0 -453.2 M
(point, and W_A SHALL\240NOT be 0_E. The server MUST check this condition upon reception. ) S
0 -477.4 M
(The value of w_B is derived from J\(pi\) and W_A = P'\(w_A\) as: ) S
0 -501.6 M
(w_B = P\(W_B\), where W_B = [s_B] * \(J\(pi\) + [H\(octet\(1\) | OCTETS\(w_A\)\)] * W_A\), ) S
0 -525.8 M
0.245876729 0 32 0 0 (where s_B is a random number within range [1, r-1]. The value of w_B MUST represent a valid curve) A
0 -539 M
0.403211802 0 32 0 0 (point and satisfy [4] * P'\(w_B\) <> 0_E. If this condition is not satisfied, the server MUST retry using) A
0 -552.2 M
(another value for s_B. The client MUST check this condition upon reception. ) S
0 -576.4 M
(The value z on the client side is derived by the following equation: ) S
0 -600.6 M
0.346354157 0 32 0 0 (z = P\([\(s_A + H\(octet\(2\) | OCTETS\(w_A\) | OCTETS\(w_B\)\)\) / \(s_A * H\(octet\(1\) | OCTETS\(w_A\)\) +) A
0 -613.8 M
(pi\) mod r] * W_B\), where W_B = P'\(w_B\). ) S
0 -638 M
(The value z on the server side is derived by the following equation: ) S
0 -638 M
gsave
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(z = P\([s_B] * \(W_A + [H\(octet\(2\) | OCTETS\(w_A\) | OCTETS\(w_B\)\)] * G\)\), where W_A = P'\(w_A\). ) S
0 -24.2 M
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(12.) S
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( Methods to extend this ) S
(protocol) S
0 -67.4 M
11 0 Nf
0.204520091 0 32 0 0 (If a non-standard extension to this protocol is implemented, it MUST use the extension-tokens defined) A
0 -80.6 M
(in ) S
gsave
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11.3 -81.7 M
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( to avoid conflicts with this protocol and other extensions. ) S
0 -104.8 M
1.13020837 0 32 0 0 (Authentication algorithms other than those defined in this document MAY use other representations) A
0 -118 M
2.44360352 0 32 0 0 (for the fields "wa", "wb", "oa", and "ob", replace those keys, and/or add fields to the messages) A
0 -131.2 M
1.35637021 0 32 0 0 (containing those fields in supplemental specifications. Two-octet keys from "wc" to "wz" and from) A
0 -144.4 M
0.549560547 0 32 0 0 ("oc" to "oz" are reserved for this purpose. If those specifications use keys other than those mentioned) A
0 -157.6 M
0.291294634 0 32 0 0 (above, it is RECOMMENDED to use extension-tokens to avoid any key-name conflict with the future) A
0 -170.8 M
(extension of this protocol. ) S
0 -195 M
1.94759119 0 32 0 0 (Extension-tokens MAY be freely used for any non-standard, private, and/or experimental uses for) A
0 -208.2 M
(those fields provided that the domain part in the token is appropriately used. ) S
0 -219.2 M
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(13.) S
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( IANA ) S
(Considerations) S
0 -262.4 M
11 0 Nf
0.570963562 0 32 0 0 (The tokens used for the authentication-algorithm, pwd-hash, and validation fields MUST be allocated) A
0 -275.6 M
0.544433594 0 32 0 0 (by IANA. To acquire registered tokens, a specification for the use of such tokens MUST be available) A
0 -288.8 M
(as an RFC, as outlined in ) S
gsave
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113.3 -289.9 M
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([RFC5226]) S
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(. ) S
0 -313 M
(Note: More formal declarations will be added in the future drafts to meet the RFC 5226 requirements. ) S
0 -324 M
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(14.) S
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( Security ) S
(Considerations) S
0 -350.5 M
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(14.1.) S
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( Security ) S
(Properties) S
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(SHOULD be used where transport security is not assured and/or data secrecy is important. ) S
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0.318509609 0 32 0 0 (When used with HTTP/TLS, if TLS server certificates are reliably verified, the protocol provides) A
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(true protection against active man-in-the-middle attacks. ) S
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0.580729187 0 32 0 0 (Even if the server certificate is not used or is unreliable, the protocol provides protection against) A
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1.015625 0 32 0 0 (active man-in-the-middle attacks for each HTTP request/response pair. However, in such cases,) A
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(14.2.) S
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( Denial-of-service attacks to ) S
(servers) S
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0.717529297 0 32 0 0 (The protocol requires a server-side table of active sessions, which may become a critical point of the) A
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0.789963961 0 32 0 0 (verification request is processed for each session identifier. After that, servers MAY discard sessions) A
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2.75721145 0 32 0 0 (internally at any time, without causing any operational problems to clients. Clients will silently) A
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1.53794646 0 32 0 0 (However, if a malicious client sends too many requests of key exchanges \(req-A1 messages\) only,) A
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0.665178597 0 32 0 0 (resource starvation might occur. In such critical situations, servers MAY discard any kind of existing) A
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1.0222168 0 32 0 0 (sessions regardless of these statuses. One way to mitigate such attacks are that servers MAY have a) A
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0.291927069 0 32 0 0 (This is a common weakness of authentication protocols with almost any kind of negotiations or states,) A
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0.117745534 0 32 0 0 (slightly better than the Digest, because HTTP requests without any kind of authentication requests will) A
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1.74780273 0 32 0 0 (not generate any kind of sessions. Session identifiers are only generated after a client starts a key) A
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3.7232573 0 32 0 0 (negotiation. It means that simple clients such as web crawlers will not accidentally consume) A
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(server-side resources for session managements. ) S
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(14.3.) S
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( Implementation ) S
(Considerations) S
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2.0110085 0 32 0 0 (To securely implement the protocol, the Authentication-Info headers in the 200-B4 messages) A
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1.88151038 0 32 0 0 (The authentication status on the client-side SHOULD be visible to the users of the client. In) A
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2.87650251 0 32 0 0 (addition, the method for asking for the user's name and passwords SHOULD be carefully) A
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1.18638396 0 32 0 0 (designed so that \(1\) the user can easily distinguish the request from this authentication method) A
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2.34263396 0 32 0 0 (from any other authentication methods such as Basic and Digest methods, and \(2\) the Web) A
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(contents cannot imitate the user-interfaces for this protocol. ) S
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4.52587891 0 32 0 0 (An informational memo regarding user-interface considerations and recommendations for) A
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(implementing this protocol will be separately published. ) S
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2.05703115 0 32 0 0 (For HTTP/TLS communications, when a web form is submitted from Mutually-authenticated) A
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(validation method, and when the TLS session has expired. ) S
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1.16346157 0 32 0 0 (Server-side storages of user passwords are advised to contain the values encrypted by one-way) A
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(14.4.) S
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( Usage ) S
(Considerations) S
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1.49583328 0 32 0 0 (The user-names inputted by a user may be sent automatically to any servers sharing the same) A
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2.68131518 0 32 0 0 (auth-domain. This means that when host-type auth-domain is used for authentication on an) A
22 -524.8 M
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22 -538 M
0.790364563 0 32 0 0 (the same realm, the client will send the user-name in a clear text. If user-names have to be kept) A
22 -551.2 M
3.37890625 0 32 0 0 (secret against eavesdropping, the server must use full-scheme-type auth-domain parameter.) A
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(Contrarily, passwords are not exposed to eavesdroppers even on HTTP requests. ) S
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1.22233069 0 32 0 0 (The "Pwd_hash" field is only provided for backward compatibility of password databases. The) A
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0.794270813 0 32 0 0 (use of "none" function is the most secure choice and is RECOMMENDED. If values other than) A
22 -605 M
0.161764711 0 32 0 0 ("none" are used, you MUST ensure that the hash values of the passwords were not exposed to the) A
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(considered secret. ) S
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1.68179083 0 32 0 0 (If the server provides several ways for storing server-side password secrets into the password) A
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0.76171875 0 32 0 0 (database, it is advised to store the values encrypted by using the one-way function J\(pi\), instead) A
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(of the real passwords, those hashed by ph, or pi. ) S
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(15.) S
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( Notice on intellectual ) S
(properties) S
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0.270432681 0 32 0 0 (The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology \(AIST\) and Yahoo! Japan, Inc.) A
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0.311197907 0 32 0 0 (has jointly submitted a patent application on the protocol proposed in this documentation to the Patent) A
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0.125868052 0 32 0 0 (Office of Japan. The patent is intended to be open to any implementors of this protocol and its variants) A
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0.2734375 0 32 0 0 (under non-exclusive royalty-free manner. For the details of the patent application and its status, please) A
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(contact the author of this document. ) S
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1.08359373 0 32 0 0 (The elliptic-curve based authentication algorithms might involve several existing third-party patents.) A
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0.114889704 0 32 0 0 (The authors of the document take no position regarding the validity or scope of such patents, and other) A
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(patents as well. ) S
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( ) S
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(May\2402003 ) S
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( = ) S
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9.0 5 Nf
(string) S
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( = %x22 *\(%x20-21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-FF) S
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(\240Figure\24012: Common BNF syntax for headers in the ) S
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4.20286465 0 32 0 0 (In this way of parsing, messages will be distinguished by the fields contained in a header) A
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3.75358081 0 32 0 0 (corresponding to the authentication. The procedure below determines the kind of each HTTP) A
0 -152.2 M
(request/response. ) S
11 -172.8 M
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11.0 -172.818619 2.75 0 360 arc
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22 -176.4 M
(If the message is a response with a "401" status: ) S
33 -187 M
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(If it does not contain any WWW-Authenticate header, it is an error. ) S
33 -201.2 M
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44 -204.8 M
1.71905053 0 32 0 0 (If the WWW-Authenticate header specifies a scheme other than "Mutual", it is a normal) A
44 -218 M
(response within this draft's scope. ) S
33 -228.6 M
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2.41835928 0 32 0 0 (Otherwise, the response contains a "WWW-Authenticate: Mutual" header. If the header) A
44 -245.4 M
(contains both sid and stale fields, it is an error. ) S
33 -256 M
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(If the header contains a stale field with a value of 0, it is a 401-B0 message. ) S
33 -270.2 M
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(If the header contains a stale field with a value of 1, it is a 401-B0-stale message. ) S
33 -284.4 M
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44 -288 M
(If the header contains an sid field, it is a 401-B1 ) S
(message.) S
11 -298.6 M
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(If the message is a response other than a "401" status: ) S
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1.6328125 0 32 0 0 (If it contains both Authentication-Info and Optional-WWW-Authenticate headers, it is an) A
44 -329.6 M
(error. ) S
33 -340.2 M
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3.21965146 0 32 0 0 (If it contains a Authentication-Info header with the "Mutual" scheme, it is a 200-B4) A
44 -357 M
(message. ) S
33 -367.6 M
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2.6497395 0 32 0 0 (If it contains a Optional-WWW-Authenticate header with the "Mutual" scheme, it is a) A
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(200-Optional-B0 message. ) S
33 -395 M
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0.0730168298 0 32 0 0 (If it contains a Optional-WWW-Authenticate header with a scheme other than "Mutual", it is) A
44 -411.8 M
(either an error or a normal response, and the behavior is not defined in this specification. ) S
33 -422.4 M
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44 -426 M
(Otherwise, it is a normal ) S
(response.) S
11 -436.6 M
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22 -440.2 M
(If the message is a request: ) S
33 -450.8 M
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44 -454.4 M
0.538020849 0 32 0 0 (If it does not contain an Authorization header, or it contains an Authorization header with a) A
44 -467.6 M
(scheme other than Mutual, it is a normal request. ) S
33 -478.2 M
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44 -481.8 M
0.690429688 0 32 0 0 (Otherwise, the request contains a "Authorization: Mutual" header. If the header contains an) A
44 -495 M
(sid field, it is a req-A3 message. ) S
33 -505.6 M
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44 -509.2 M
(If the header do not contain an sid field, it is a req-A1 ) S
(message.) S
0 -533.4 M
0.650065124 0 32 0 0 (Implementations MAY perform checks stricter than the procedure above, according to the definitions) A
0 -546.6 M
(in ) S
gsave
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11.3 -547.7 M
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(Section\2403) S
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15 2 Nf
(Appendix) S
[/View [/XYZ -4 198.351196 null] /Dest /197 /DEST pdfmark
( B. \(Informative\) Group parameters for discrete-logarithm) S
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(based ) S
(algorithms) S
0 -618.8 M
11 0 Nf
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(parameters.) S
0 -632 M
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0 -143 M
( 15728E5A 8AACAA68 FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF.) S
0 -167.2 M
11 0 Nf
(The generator ) S
(is:) S
0 -189 M
9.0 4 Nf
( g = 2.) S
0 -213.2 M
11 0 Nf
(The size of the subgroup generated by g ) S
(is:) S
0 -235 M
9.0 4 Nf
( r = \(q - 1\) / 2 =) S
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0 -353.8 M
( 0AB9472D 45565534 7FFFFFFF FFFFFFFF.) S
0 -378 M
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0 -391.2 M
(parameters.) S
0 -415.4 M
(The prime ) S
(is:) S
0 -437.2 M
9.0 4 Nf
( q = 0xFFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF C90FDAA2 2168C234 C4C6628B 80DC1CD1) S
0 -448 M
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0 -502 M
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0 -512.8 M
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0 -523.6 M
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0 -534.4 M
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0 -664 M
( FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF.) S
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(The generator ) S
(is:) S
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( g = 2.) S
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11 0 Nf
(The size of the subgroup generated by g ) S
(is:) S
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( r = \(q - 1\) / 2 =) S
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0 -156.6 M
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15 2 Nf
(Appendix) S
[/View [/XYZ -4 426.400024 null] /Dest /198 /DEST pdfmark
( C. \(Informative\) Derived numerical ) S
(values) S
0 -372.8 M
11 0 Nf
0.24609375 0 32 0 0 (This section provides several numerical values for implementing this protocol, derived from the above) A
0 -386 M
(specifications. The values shown in this section are for informative purposes only. ) S
195.8 -414.3 M
11 2 Nf
(dl-2048) S
236.7 -414.3 M
11 2 Nf
(dl-4096) S
277.7 -414.3 M
11 2 Nf
(ec-p256) S
319.8 -414.3 M
11 2 Nf
(ec-p521) S
59 -434.1 M
11 0 Nf
(Size of w_A ) S
(etc.) S
195.8 -434.1 M
(2048) S
236.7 -434.1 M
(4096) S
277.7 -434.1 M
(257) S
319.8 -434.1 M
(522) S
361.9 -434.1 M
(\(bits\)) S
59 -453.8 M
(Size of ) S
(H\(...\)) S
195.8 -453.8 M
(256) S
236.7 -453.8 M
(512) S
277.7 -453.8 M
(256) S
319.8 -453.8 M
(512) S
361.9 -453.8 M
(\(bits\)) S
59 -473.6 M
(length of OCTETS\(w_A\) ) S
(etc.) S
195.8 -473.6 M
(256) S
236.7 -473.6 M
(512) S
277.7 -473.6 M
(33) S
319.8 -473.6 M
(66) S
361.9 -473.6 M
(\(octets\)) S
59 -493.3 M
(length of wa, wb field ) S
(values.) S
195.8 -493.3 M
(346 ) S
(*) S
236.7 -493.3 M
(686 ) S
(*) S
277.7 -493.3 M
(66) S
319.8 -493.3 M
(132) S
361.9 -493.3 M
(\(octets\)) S
59 -513 M
(length of oa, ob field ) S
(values.) S
195.8 -513 M
(46 ) S
(*) S
236.7 -513 M
(90 ) S
(*) S
277.7 -513 M
(64) S
319.8 -513 M
(128) S
361.9 -513 M
(\(octets\)) S
59 -532.8 M
(minimum allowed ) S
(s_A) S
195.8 -532.8 M
(2048) S
236.7 -532.8 M
(4096) S
277.7 -532.8 M
(1) S
319.8 -532.8 M
(1) S
361.9 -532.8 M
(\240) S
0 -562.8 M
11 0 Nf
(\(The numbers marked with an * include enclosing quotation ) S
(marks.\)) S
0 -573.8 M
[/View [/XYZ -4 183.25 null] /Dest /127 /DEST pdfmark
0 -573.8 M
[/View [/XYZ -4 183.25 null] /Dest /128 /DEST pdfmark
0 -592.8 M
15 2 Nf
(Appendix) S
[/View [/XYZ -4 182.25 null] /Dest /199 /DEST pdfmark
( D. \(Informative\) Draft Remarks from ) S
(Authors) S
0 -617 M
11 0 Nf
(The following items are currently under consideration for future revisions by the authors. ) S
11 -637.5 M
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0.480168283 0 32 0 0 (Restructuring of the draft, possibly separating it to several parts, e.g. introduction, general HTTP) A
22 -654.4 M
(extensions and Mutual authentication. ) S
11 -664.9 M
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22 -668.6 M
2.28053975 0 32 0 0 (Format of the "Authentication-Control" header and other header fields extending the general) A
22 -668.6 M
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22 -13.2 M
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11 0 Nf
(HTTP authentication scheme, and harmonization of those with other draft proposals. ) S
11 -23.8 M
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22 -27.4 M
11 0 Nf
(Whether to keep TLS-key validation or not. ) S
11 -38 M
gsave
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22 -41.6 M
0.371419281 0 32 0 0 (When keeping tls-key validation, whether to use ) A
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240.2 -42.7 M
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0.371419281 0 32 0 0 ("TLS channel ) A
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304.7 -42.7 M
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0.371419281 0 32 0 0 ( [RFC5929] for "tls-key") A
22 -54.8 M
4.10390615 0 32 0 0 (verification ) A
4.10390615 0 32 0 0 (\() A
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83.2 -55.9 M
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4.10390615 0 32 0 0 (\). Note that existing TLS implementations should be considered to) A
22 -68 M
(determine this. ) S
11 -78.6 M
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22 -82.2 M
(Adding test vectors for ensuring implementation correctness. ) S
11 -92.8 M
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22 -96.4 M
0.00931490399 0 32 0 0 (Possibly adding a method for servers to detect availability of Mutual authentication on client-side. ) A
11 -107 M
gsave
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11.0 -106.969994 2.75 0 360 arc
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22 -110.6 M
(Applying the protocol for proxy ) S
(authentication/authorization.) S
0 -121.6 M
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( E. \(Informative\) Draft Change ) S
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1.2253418 0 32 0 0 (Note: the token for the header field "version" is NOT changed from the previous draft, because the) A
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(Adapt to httpbis HTTP/1.1 drafts: ) S
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0.514229894 0 32 0 0 (To simplify the whole spec, the type of nonce-counter related fields are change from hex-integer) A
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(Algorithm tokens are renamed to include names of hash algorithms. ) S
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(Clarified the session management, added details of server-side protocol decisions. ) S
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(The whole draft was reorganized; introduction and overview has been rewritten. ) S
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(E.3.) S
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( Changes in revision ) S
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2.05649042 0 32 0 0 (Clarified that a new authentication request for any sub-requests in interactive clients may be) A
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(silently discarded. ) S
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(Typos and confusing phrases are fixed. ) S
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(Several "future considerations" are ) S
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(E.4.) S
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( Changes in revision ) S
(05) S
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4.55546856 0 32 0 0 (A new header "Authentication-Control" is added for precise control of application-level) A
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(authentication ) S
(behavior.) S
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(E.5.) S
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( Changes in revision ) S
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0.166145831 0 32 0 0 (Changed text of patent licenses: the phrase "once the protocol is accepted as an Internet standard") A
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(is removed so that the sentence also covers the draft versions of this protocol. ) S
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(The "tls-key" verification is now OPTIONAL. ) S
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(Several description fixes and ) S
(clarifications.) S
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(E.6.) S
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( Changes in revision ) S
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0.957465291 0 32 0 0 (Wildcard domain specifications \(e.g. "*.example.com"\) are allowed for auth-domain parameters ) A
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(\() S
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(\). ) S
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(Specification of the "tls-cert" verification is updated \(incompatible change\). ) S
11 -176 M
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(State transitions fixed. ) S
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(Requirements for servers concerning w_a values are clarified. ) S
11 -204.4 M
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(RFC references are ) S
(updated.) S
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(E.7.) S
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( Changes in revision ) S
(02) S
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(Auth-realm is extended to allow full-scheme type. ) S
11 -272.8 M
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(A decision diagram for clients and decision procedures for servers are added. ) S
11 -287 M
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(401-B1 and req-A3 messages are changed to contain authentication realm information. ) S
11 -301.2 M
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(Bugs on equations for o_A and o_B are fixed. ) S
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(Detailed equations for the entire algorithm are included. ) S
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(Elliptic-curve algorithms are updated. ) S
11 -343.8 M
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(Several clarifications and other minor ) S
(updates.) S
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( ) S
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(Yutaka ) S
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(Technology) S
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46.2 -430.2 M
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(Tokyo) S
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(+81 ) S
(3-5298-4722) S
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46.2 -554 M
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46.2 -581.5 M
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(Ioku) S
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(Inc.) S
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46.2 -66 M
(Lepidum Co. ) S
(Ltd.) S
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46.2 -79.8 M
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