One document matched: draft-moore-auto-email-response-03.ps

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/F0 12/Times-Roman@0 SF 315.708(Internet-Draft K.)72 85 R(Moore)3 E
(Expires: 2 March 2004)72 98 Q(Uni)206.364 E -.18(ve)-.3 G(rsity of T)
.18 E(ennessee)-.84 E 3(2S)416.676 111 S(eptember 2003)-3 E
(Recommendations for Automatic Responses to Electronic Mail)136.014 150
Q(draft-moore-auto-email-response-03)200.694 176 Q/F1 12/Times-Bold@0 SF
(Status of this Memo)72 215 Q F0
(This document is an Internet-Draft and is subject to all pro)72 231.6 Q
(visions of Section 10 of)-.18 E(RFC2026.)72 244.6 Q
(Internet-Drafts are w)72 261.2 Q
(orking documents of the Internet Engineering T)-.12 E(ask F)-.96 E
(orce \(IETF\), its)-.18 E(areas, and its w)72 274.2 Q(orking groups.)
-.12 E(Note that other groups may also distrib)6 E(ute w)-.24 E(orking)
-.12 E(documents as Internet-Drafts.)72 287.2 Q
(Internet-Drafts are draft documents v)72 303.8 Q
(alid for a maximum of six months and may be)-.3 E
(updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at an)72 316.8 Q 3
(yt)-.18 G 3(ime. It)-3 F(is inappropriate to use)3 E
(Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "w)
72 329.8 Q(ork in progress.")-.12 E
(The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at)72 346.4 Q/F2 12
/Courier@0 SF(http://www.ietf.org/1id-abstracts.html)72 359.4 Q F0
(The list of Internet-Draft Shado)72 376 Q 3(wD)-.3 G
(irectories can be accessed at)-3 E F2(http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html)
72 389 Q F0(This document is not currently associated with an)72 405.6 Q
3(yw)-.18 G(orking group.)-3.12 E(Comments on this)6 E
(internet-draft should be sent to the mailing list)72 418.6 Q F2
(<ietf-822@imc.org>)3 E F0 3(,o)C 3(rt)-3 G 3(ot)-3 G(he)-3 E(author)72
431.6 Q 6(.S)-.66 G
(uch comments should cite the Internet-Draft identi\214er)-6 E(draft-mo\
ore-auto-email-response-03 so others can be sure you are commenting on \
the)72 444.6 Q(same v)72 457.6 Q(ersion the)-.18 E 3(yr)-.18 G(ead.)-3 E
F1(Abstract)72 483.6 Q F0(This memo mak)72 500.2 Q
(es recommendations for softw)-.12 E(are that automatically responds to)
-.12 E(incoming electronic mail messages, including "out of the of)72
513.2 Q(\214ce" or "v)-.3 E(acation" response)-.3 E
(generators, mail \214ltering softw)72 526.2 Q
(are, email-based information services, and other automatic)-.12 E 3
(responders. The)72 539.2 R
(purpose of these recommendations is to discourage undesirable beha)3 E
(vior)-.24 E(which is caused or aggra)72 552.2 Q -.3(va)-.24 G
(ted by such softw).3 E(are, to encourage uniform beha)-.12 E
(vior \(where)-.24 E(appropriate\) among automatic mail responders, and\
 to clear up some sources of confusion)72 565.2 Q
(among implementors of automatic email responders.)72 578.2 Q
(Intended status: Once it appears that this document has recei)72 594.8
Q -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(ds).18 G(uf)-3 E(\214cient re)-.3 E(vie)-.3 E -.78(w,)
-.3 G(comment, and community support, the author intends to submitted i\
t as an indi)72 607.8 Q(vidual)-.3 E
(submission for Proposed Standard status.)72 620.8 Q
(Proposed Standard seems more appropriate)6 E(than BCP because this doc\
ument describes protocols more than operational practices.)72 633.8 Q
110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)105.198 E
(age 1])-.18 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Roman@0 SF 275.04(Internet-Draft 2)72 49 R(September 2003)3
E/F1 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(1. Intr)72 85 Q(oduction)-.216 E F0(Man)72 101.6
Q 3(yp)-.18 G
(rograms which automatically respond to email are currently in use.)-3 E
(Although)6 E(these programs v)72 114.6 Q
(ary widely in their function, se)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ral problems with this class of).18 E(programs ha)72 127.6 Q .36 -.18
(ve b)-.24 H(een observ).18 E
(ed, including: signi\214cant numbers of useless or unw)-.18 E(anted)
-.12 E(response and responses sent to inappropriate addresses, and occa\
sional incidences of mail)72 140.6 Q(loops or "sorcerer')72 153.6 Q 3
(sa)-.66 G(pprentice" mode.)-3 E(This memo recommends beha)6 E
(vior for programs)-.24 E(that automatically respond to electronic mail\
 in order to reduce the number of problems)72 166.6 Q
(caused by such programs.)72 179.6 Q(\(Note: the term "sorcerer')72
196.2 Q 3(sa)-.66 G(pprentice mode" is de\214ned as a b)-3 E
(ug in a protocol where,)-.24 E(under some circumstances, the receipt o\
f a message causes multiple messages to be sent,)72 209.2 Q
(each of which, when recei)72 222.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(d, triggers the same b).18 E(ug.\) \(From [I1]\))-.24 E F1(1.1 T)72
248.2 Q(ypes of automatic r)-.888 E(esponses)-.216 E F0(There are se)72
264.8 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(ral dif).18 E
(ferent types of automatic responses.)-.3 E(At least tw)6 E 3(ot)-.12 G
(ypes of automatic)-3 E(responses ha)72 277.8 Q .36 -.18(ve b)-.24 H
(een de\214ned in IETF standards - Deli).18 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ry Status Noti\214cations [I2] which).18 E
(are intended to report the status of a message deli)72 290.8 Q -.18(ve)
-.3 G(ry by the message transport system,).18 E(and Message Disposition\
 Noti\214cations [I3] which are intended to report of the disposition)72
303.8 Q(of a message after it reaches a recipient')72 316.8 Q 3(sm)-.66
G 3(ailbox. These)-3 F(responses are de\214ned)3 E(else)72 329.8 Q
(where and are generally not within the purvie)-.3 E 3(wo)-.3 G 3(ft)-3
G(his document, e)-3 E(xcept that this)-.18 E
(document recommends speci\214c cases where the)72 342.8 Q 3(ys)-.18 G
(hould or should not be used.)-3 E
(Other types of automatic response in common use include:)72 359.4 Q/F2
14/Times-Roman@0 SF<83>72 376 Q F0("Out of of)20.1 E(\214ce" or "v)-.3 E
(acation" notices, which are intended to inform the sender of a)-.3 E
(message that the message is unlik)97 389 Q
(ely to be read, or acted on, for some amount of)-.12 E(time,)97 402 Q
F2<83>72 418.6 Q F0("Change of address" notices, intended to inform the\
 sender of a message that the)20.1 E
(recipient address he used is obsolete and that a dif)97 431.6 Q
(ferent address should be used)-.3 E
(instead \(whether or not the subject message w)97 444.6 Q(as forw)-.12
E(arded to the current address\),)-.12 E F2<83>72 461.2 Q F0("Challenge\
s", which require the sender of a message to demonstrate some measure)
20.1 E(of intelligence and/or willingness to agree to some conditions b\
efore the subject)97 474.2 Q(message will be deli)97 487.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3
G(red to the recipient \(often to minimize the ef).18 E
(fect of "spam" or)-.3 E(viruses on the recipient\),)97 500.2 Q F2<83>72
516.8 Q F0(Email-based information services, which accept requests \(pr\
esumably from humans\))20.1 E(via email, pro)97 529.8 Q
(vide some service, and issue responses via email also.)-.18 E
(\(Mailing lists)6 E(which accept subscription requests via email f)97
542.8 Q(all into this cate)-.12 E(gory\),)-.18 E F2<83>72 559.4 Q F0
(Information services similar to those mentioned abo)20.1 E .36 -.18
(ve ex)-.18 H(cept that the).18 E 3(ya)-.18 G(re intended)-3 E
(to accept messages from other programs, and)97 572.4 Q F2<83>72 589 Q
F0 -1.332(Va)20.1 G(rious kinds of mail \214lters \(including "virus sc\
anners"\) which act on behalf of a)1.332 E
(recipient to alter the content of messages before forw)97 602 Q
(arding them to that recipient,)-.12 E(and issue responses in the e)97
615 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(nt a message is altered.).18 E
(Recognizing the wide v)72 631.6 Q
(ariety of response types in use, these recommendations)-.3 E
(distinguish between se)72 644.6 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ral classes of automatic responders according to the party or).18 E
(service on whose behalf the responder acts:)72 657.6 Q 110.346
(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)105.198 E(age 2])-.18
E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Roman@0 SF 275.04(Internet-Draft 2)72 49 R(September 2003)3
E/F1 14/Times-Roman@0 SF<83>72 85 Q F0("Service Responders" e)20.1 E
(xist to pro)-.18 E(vide access to some service via email requests and)
-.18 E 3(responses. These)97 98 R
(are permanently associated with one or more email addresses, and)3 E
(when sending to such an address the sender presumably e)97 111 Q
(xpects an automatic)-.18 E 3(response. An)97 124 R
(email-based \214le retrie)3 E -.3(va)-.3 G 3(ls).3 G(ervice is an e)-3
E(xample of a Service)-.18 E(Responder)97 137 Q 6(.A)-.66 G
(calendar service that allo)-3 E
(wed appointment requests to be made via)-.3 E
(email, and which responded to such requests, w)97 150 Q
(ould be another e)-.12 E(xample of a)-.18 E(Service Responder)97 163 Q
(.)-.66 E F1<83>72 179.6 Q F0("Personal Responders" e)20.1 E
(xist to mak)-.18 E 3(ea)-.12 G
(utomatic responses on behalf of a single)-3 E
(recipient address, in adv)97 192.6 Q
(ance of, or in lieu of, that recipient reading the message.)-.3 E
(These responders operate according to criteria speci\214ed on a per)97
205.6 Q(-recipient basis.)-.24 E(The UNIX "v)97 218.6 Q
(acation" program is an e)-.3 E(xample of a Personal Responder)-.18 E 6
(.A)-.66 G(responder)-3 E(that accepts mail sent to a single address, a\
ttempts to analyze and classify the)97 231.6 Q(contents, and then issue\
s a response which is dependent on that classi\214cation, is also)97
244.6 Q 3(aP)97 257.6 S(ersonal Responder)-3 E(.)-.66 E F1<83>72 274.2 Q
F0("Group Responders" e)20.1 E(xist to mak)-.18 E 3(ea)-.12 G
(utomatic responses on behalf of an)-3 E 3(yo)-.18 G 3(fa)-3 G
(signi\214cant set of recipient addresses \(say)97 287.2 Q 3(,e)-.78 G
-.18(ve)-3.3 G(ry recipient in a particular DNS).18 E(domain\), in adv)
97 300.2 Q
(ance of, or in lieu of, a response from the actual recipient.)-.3 E
(Group)6 E(Responders are similar to Personal Responders e)97 313.2 Q
(xcept that in the case of a Group)-.18 E
(Responder the criteria for responding are not set on a per)97 326.2 Q
(-recipient basis.)-.24 E 3(A")6 G(virus)-3 E
(scanner" program that \214ltered all mail sent to an)97 339.2 Q 3(yr)
-.18 G(ecipient on a particular serv)-3 E(er)-.18 E(,)-.48 E
(and sent responses when a message w)97 352.2 Q(as rejected or deli)-.12
E -.18(ve)-.3 G(red in an altered form,).18 E(might be an e)97 365.2 Q
(xample of a Group Responder)-.18 E(.)-.66 E(Appropriate beha)72 381.8 Q
(vior for a responder v)-.24 E(aries from one class to another)-.3 E 6
(.A)-.66 G(beha)-3 E(vior which)-.24 E
(might be appropriate from a Service Responder \(where the sender is e)
72 394.8 Q(xpecting an)-.18 E(automatic response\) might not be appropr\
iate from a Personal Responder)72 407.8 Q 6(.F)-.66 G(or e)-6.18 E
(xample, a)-.18 E(Service Responder might send a v)72 420.8 Q
(ery long response to a request, or one that is not in a)-.18 E
(human-readable format, according to the needs of that service.)72 433.8
Q(Ho)6 E(we)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(raP).18 G(ersonal)-3 E(Responder shou\
ld assume that a human being is reading the response and send only brie\
f)72 446.8 Q(responses in plain te)72 459.8 Q(xt.)-.18 E/F2 12
/Times-Bold@0 SF(1.2. Notation and De\214nitions)72 485.8 Q F0(The k)72
502.4 Q .36 -.18(ey w)-.12 H(ords "MUST", "MUST NO).06 E
(T", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NO)-.48 E(T",)-.48 E("RECOMMENDED", "NO)72 515.4
Q 3(TR)-.48 G(ECOMMENDED", and "MA)-3 E(Y" in this document are to be)
-1.26 E(interpreted as described in [N1].)72 528.4 Q(The term "subject \
message" is used to refer to a message which causes a response to be)72
545 Q(sent.)72 558 Q(The term "response" refers to a message that is au\
tomatically issued on receipt of a)72 574.6 Q
(subject message by a responder)72 587.6 Q(.)-.66 E 3(A")72 604.2 S(res\
ponder" is a process that automatically responds to subject messages un\
der some)-3 E(well-de\214ned set of conditions.)72 617.2 Q(Unless speci\
\214ed otherwise, the term "recipient" refers to the email addresses to\
 which a)72 633.8 Q(subject message w)72 646.8 Q(as deli)-.12 E -.18(ve)
-.3 G(red \(rather than, for instance, the address to which the).18 E
(response w)72 659.8 Q(as sent\).)-.12 E 3(A")6 G
(recipient" address might be permanently associated with a)-3 E 110.346
(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)105.198 E(age 3])-.18
E EP
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E(responder)72 85 Q 3(,o)-.48 G 3(ri)-3 G 3(tm)-3 G
(ight be the address of a human being whose mail is, under some)-3 E
(conditions, answered by a responder)72 98 Q(.)-.66 E/F1 12/Times-Bold@0
SF(2. When \(not\) to send automatic r)72 124 Q(esponses)-.216 E F0
(An automatic responder MUST NO)72 140.6 Q 3(Ts)-.48 G
(end a response for e)-3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G(ry message recei).18 E -.18(ve)
-.3 G 3(d. In).18 F(practice there are al)72 153.6 Q -.12(wa)-.12 G
(ys reasons to refuse to respond to some kinds of recei).12 E -.18(ve)
-.3 G(d).18 E(messages, e.g. for loop pre)72 166.6 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ntion, to a).18 E -.24(vo)-.24 G(id responding to "spam", to a).24 E
-.24(vo)-.24 G(id being used as).24 E 3(am)72 179.6 S
(eans to launder or amplify ab)-3 E(usi)-.24 E .36 -.18(ve m)-.3 H
(essages, to a).18 E -.24(vo)-.24 G(id inappropriately re).24 E -.18(ve)
-.3 G(aling).18 E(personal information about the recipient \(e.g. to a)
72 192.6 Q -.24(vo)-.24 G(id an automatic indication that a).24 E
(recipient has not read his mail recently\), and to thw)72 205.6 Q
(art denial-of-service attacks ag)-.12 E(ainst)-.06 E(the responder)72
218.6 Q 6(.T)-.66 G
(he criteria for deciding whether to respond will dif)-6 E(fer from one)
-.3 E(responder to another)72 231.6 Q 3(,a)-.48 G
(ccording to the responder')-3 E 3(sp)-.66 G 3(urpose. In)-3 F
(general, care should be)3 E(tak)72 244.6 Q(en to a)-.12 E -.24(vo)-.24
G(id sending useless or redundant responses, and to a).24 E -.24(vo)-.24
G(id contrib).24 E(uting to mail)-.24 E(loops or f)72 257.6 Q
(acilitating denial-of-service attacks.)-.12 E
(Here are some broad guidelines:)72 274.2 Q/F2 14/Times-Roman@0 SF<83>72
290.8 Q F0(Automatic responses SHOULD NO)20.1 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(ei)-3 G
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(other than "no".)97 316.8 Q F2<83>72 333.4 Q F0(Personal and Group res\
ponses that are intended to notify the sender of a message of)20.1 E
(the recipient')97 346.4 Q 3(si)-.66 G
(nability to read or reply to the message \(e.g. "a)-3 E -.12(wa)-.18 G
3(yf).12 G(rom my mail" or)-3 E("too b)97 359.4 Q
(usy" noti\214cations\) SHOULD NO)-.24 E 3(Ti)-.48 G
(ssue the same response to the same sender)-3 E
(more than once within a period of se)97 372.4 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ral days, e).18 E -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(nt).18 G(hough that sender may ha)-3
E -.18(ve)-.24 G(sent multiple messages.)97 385.4 Q 3(A7)6 G
(-day period is RECOMMENDED as a def)-3 E(ault.)-.12 E F2<83>72 402 Q F0
(Personal and Group responses whose purpose is to notify the sender of \
a message of)20.1 E 3(at)97 415 S
(emporary absence of the recipient \(e.g. "v)-3 E
(acation" and "out of the of)-.3 E(\214ce" notices\))-.3 E(SHOULD NO)97
428 Q 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(ei)-3 G(ssued unless a v)-3 E
(alid address for the recipient is e)-.3 E(xplicitly)-.18 E
(included in a recipient \(e.g. T)97 441 Q
(o, CC, or Bcc\) \214eld of the subject message.)-.96 E(Since a)6 E
(recipient may ha)97 454 Q .36 -.18(ve m)-.24 H(ultiple addresses forw)
.18 E(arded to the same mailbox, recipients)-.12 E(SHOULD be able to sp\
ecify a set of addresses to the responder which it will)97 467 Q
(recognize as v)97 480 Q(alid for that recipient.)-.3 E
(Note: RFC 2822 section 3.6.3 permits v)97 496.6 Q
(arying uses of the Bcc \214eld, some of which)-.3 E -.12(wo)97 509.6 S
(uld allo).12 E 3(wt)-.3 G(he sender of the subject message to e)-3 E
(xplicitly specify the recipient')-.18 E(s)-.66 E(address as a "Bcc" re\
cipient without a Bcc \214eld appearing in the message as)97 522.6 Q
(deli)97 535.6 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(red, or without the Bcc \214eld in the deli).18 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(red message containing the).18 E(recipient')97 548.6 Q 3(sa)-.66 G 3
(ddress. Ho)-3 F(we)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G .96 -.48(r, p).18 H
(erhaps because Bcc').48 E 3(sa)-.66 G(re rarely used, the heuristic of)
-3 E(not responding to messages for which the recipient w)97 561.6 Q
(as not e)-.12 E(xplicitly listed in a T)-.18 E(o,)-.96 E
(CC, or Bcc header \214eld has been found to w)97 574.6 Q
(ork well in practice.)-.12 E F2<83>72 591.2 Q F0
(Personal and Group Responders MA)20.1 E 3(Yr)-1.26 G
(efuse to generate responses e)-3 E(xcept to kno)-.18 E(wn)-.3 E
(correspondents or addresses of otherwise "trusted" indi)97 604.2 Q 3
(viduals. Such)-.3 F(responders)3 E(MA)97 617.2 Q 3(Ya)-1.26 G
(lso generate dif)-3 E
(ferent kinds of responses for "trusted" vs. "untrusted")-.3 E 3
(addresses. This)97 630.2 R(might be useful, for instance, to a)3 E -.24
(vo)-.24 G(id inappropriate disclosure of).24 E
(personal information to arbitrary addresses.)97 643.2 Q 110.346
(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)105.198 E(age 4])-.18
E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Roman@0 SF 275.04(Internet-Draft 2)72 49 R(September 2003)3
E/F1 14/Times-Roman@0 SF<83>72 85 Q F0(Responders SHOULD NO)20.1 E 3(Tg)
-.48 G(enerate an)-3 E 3(yr)-.18 G
(esponse for which the destination of that)-3 E(response w)97 98 Q
(ould be a null address \(e.g. an address for which SMTP MAIL FR)-.12 E
(OM or)-.48 E(Return-P)97 111 Q(ath is)-.18 E/F2 12/Courier@0 SF(<>)3 E
F0(\), since the response w)A(ould not be deli)-.12 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(red to a useful).18 E 3(destination. Responders)97 124 R(MA)3 E 3(Yr)
-1.26 G(efuse to generate responses for addresses commonly)-3 E(used as\
 return addresses by responders - e.g. those with local-parts matching)
97 137 Q(")97 150 Q F2(owner-*)A F0(", ")A F2(*-request)A F0(", ")A F2
(MAILER-DAEMON)A F0(", etc.)A(Responders are)6 E
(encouraged to check the destination address for v)97 163 Q
(alidity before generating the)-.3 E(response, to a)97 176 Q -.24(vo)
-.24 G(id generating responses that cannot be deli).24 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(red or are unlik).18 E(ely to be)-.12 E(useful.)97 189 Q F1<83>72 205.6
Q F0(In order to a)20.1 E -.24(vo)-.24 G
(id responding to spam and to certain kinds of attacks, automatic).24 E
(responses from Service Responders SHOULD NO)97 218.6 Q 3(Tb)-.48 G 3
(es)-3 G(ent for e)-3 E(xtremely)-.18 E(malformed requests.)97 231.6 Q
(This may include checking that the subject message has a)6 E
(content-type and content appropriate to that service.)97 244.6 Q F1<83>
72 261.2 Q F0(Because the v)20.1 E
(ast majority of email is unauthenticated, and return addresses are)-.3
E(easily for)97 274.2 Q(ged, in order to a)-.216 E -.24(vo)-.24 G
(id being used as a means of denial-of-service attacks).24 E
(\(i.e. to \215ood mailbox)97 287.2 Q(es with unw)-.18 E
(anted content\) Service Responders SHOULD NO)-.12 E(T)-.48 E
(return lar)97 300.2 Q(ge responses \(say)-.216 E 3(,m)-.78 G
(ore than a fe)-3 E 3(wk)-.3 G(ilobytes\) without speci\214c kno)-3 E
(wledge)-.3 E(that the request w)97 313.2 Q
(as actually authorized by the party associated with the address to)-.12
E(which the response will be sent.)97 326.2 Q(Similarly)6 E 3(,S)-.78 G
(ervice Responders SHOULD NO)-3 E(T)-.48 E(cause unw)97 339.2 Q
(anted side-ef)-.12 E
(fects \(such as subscribing the sender to a mailing list\))-.3 E
(without reasonable assurance that the request w)97 352.2 Q
(as authorized by the af)-.12 E(fected party)-.3 E(.)-.78 E(NO)97 368.8
Q(TE: Since each responder has a dif)-.48 E(ferent purpose and a dif)-.3
E(ferent set of potential)-.3 E
(threats to which it might be subjected, whether an)97 381.8 Q 3(yp)-.18
G(articular means of authentica-)-3 E(tion is appropriate for a particu\
lar responder is not in scope for this document.)97 394.8 Q F1<83>72
411.4 Q F0 3(Ar)20.1 G(esponder MA)-3 E 3(Yr)-1.26 G
(efuse to send a response to a subject message which contains)-3 E(an)97
424.4 Q 3(yh)-.18 G(eader or content which mak)-3 E
(es it appear to the responder that a response w)-.12 E(ould)-.12 E
(not be appropriate.)97 437.4 Q -.18(Fo)6 G 3(ri).18 G
(nstance, if the subject message contained a Precedence)-3 E
(header \214eld [I4] with a v)97 450.4 Q
(alue of "list" the responder might guess that the traf)-.3 E(\214c had)
-.3 E(arri)97 463.4 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(df).18 G
(rom a mailing list, and w)-3 E
(ould not respond if the response were only)-.12 E
(intended for personal messages.)97 476.4 Q -.18(Fo)6 G 3(rs).18 G
(imilar reasons, a responder MA)-3 E 3(Yi)-1.26 G(gnore an)-3 E(y)-.18 E
(subject message with a List-* \214eld [I5].)97 489.4 Q
(\(Because Precedence is not a standard)6 E
(header \214eld, and its use and interpretation v)97 502.4 Q
(ary widely in the wild, no particular)-.3 E(responder beha)97 515.4 Q
(vior in the presence of Precedence is recommended by this)-.24 E
(speci\214cation.\))97 528.4 Q/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(3. F)72 554.4 Q
(ormat of automatic r)-.3 E(esponses)-.216 E F0(The follo)72 571 Q(wing\
 sections specify details of the contents of automatic responses, inclu\
ding)-.3 E(the header of the response message, the content of the respo\
nse, and the en)72 584 Q -.18(ve)-.48 G(lope in).18 E
(which the response is transmitted to the email transport system.)72 597
Q 110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)105.198 E
(age 5])-.18 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Roman@0 SF 275.04(Internet-Draft 2)72 49 R(September 2003)3
E/F1 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(3.1 Message header)72 85 Q F0
(The \214elds in the message header should be set as follo)72 101.6 Q
(ws:)-.3 E F1(3.1.1 Fr)72 127.6 Q(om \214eld)-.216 E F0
(In correspondence between humans, the From \214eld serv)72 144.2 Q
(es multiple purposes: It identi\214es)-.18 E(the author of the message\
 \(or in some cases, the party or parties on whose behalf the)72 157.2 Q
(message w)72 170.2 Q(as sent\), and it is the def)-.12 E
(ault destination of replies from humans.)-.12 E(Unfortunately)72 183.2
Q 3(,s)-.78 G(ome mail systems still send nondeli)-3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ry reports and other kinds of).18 E
(automatic responses to the From address.)72 196.2 Q -.18(Fo)72 212.8 S
3(ra).18 G(utomatic responses, the role of the From \214eld in determin\
ing the destination of)-3 E(replies to the response from humans is less\
 signi\214cant, because in most cases it is not)72 225.8 Q
(useful or appropriate for a human \(or an)72 238.8 Q
(yone\) to reply to an automatic response.)-.18 E(One)6 E -.18(ex)72
251.8 S(ception is when there is some problem with the response; it sho\
uld be possible to).18 E(pro)72 264.8 Q
(vide feedback to the person operating the responder)-.18 E(.)-.66 E(So\
 in most cases the From address in an automatic response needs to be ch\
osen according)72 281.4 Q(to the follo)72 294.4 Q(wing criteria:)-.3 E
/F2 14/Times-Roman@0 SF<83>72 311 Q F0 1.92 -.96(To p)20.1 H(ro).96 E(v\
ide an indication of the party or agent on whose behalf the response w)
-.18 E(as)-.12 E(sent,)97 324 Q F2<83>72 340.6 Q F0 1.92 -.96(To p)20.1
H(ro).96 E(vide an address to which a recipient of an inappropriate res\
ponse can request)-.18 E(that the situation be corrected, and)97 353.6 Q
F2<83>72 370.2 Q F0 1.92 -.96(To d)20.1 H
(iminish the potential for mail loops.).96 E(The follo)72 386.8 Q
(wing beha)-.3 E(vior is thus recommended:)-.24 E F2<83>72 403.4 Q F0
-.18(Fo)20.1 G 3(rr).18 G(esponses sent by Service Responders, the From\
 \214eld SHOULD contain an)-3 E(address which can be used to reach the \
\(human\) maintainer of that service.)97 416.4 Q(The)6 E(human-readable\
 portion of the From \214eld \(the display-name preceding the address\))
97 429.4 Q(SHOULD contain a name or description of the service to ident\
ify the service to)97 442.4 Q(humans.)97 455.4 Q F2<83>72 472 Q F0 -.18
(Fo)20.1 G 3(rr).18 G(esponses sent by Personal Responders, the From \
\214eld SHOULD contain the)-3 E(name of the recipient and an address ch\
osen by the recipient to be recognizable to)97 485 Q
(correspondents. Often this will be the same address that w)97 498 Q
(as used to send the subject)-.12 E(message to that recipient.)97 511 Q
(In the case of a recipient ha)97 527.6 Q
(ving multiple mail addresses forw)-.24 E(arded to the same)-.12 E
(mailbox \(and responder\), a Personal Responder MA)97 540.6 Q 3(Yu)
-1.26 G(se heuristics to guess, based)-3 E(on the information a)97 553.6
Q -.3(va)-.24 G(ilable in v).3 E
(arious message header \214elds, which of se)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G(ral).18
E(addresses for that recipient the sender is lik)97 566.6 Q(ely to ha)
-.12 E .36 -.18(ve u)-.24 H(sed, and use that address in).18 E
(the From \214eld of the response.)97 579.6 Q(Ho)6 E(we)-.3 E -.18(ve)
-.3 G 3(ri).18 G 3(tM)-3 G(UST be possible for a recipient on)-3 E
(whose behalf the responder is acting to e)97 592.6 Q
(xplicitly specify the human-readable name)-.18 E
(and address to be used in the From header \214elds of responses.)97
605.6 Q(Note: Due to pri)97 622.2 Q -.3(va)-.3 G .36 -.18(cy r).3 H
(easons it may be inappropriate for responders to disclose an).18 E
(address that is deri)97 635.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(d, say).18 E 3(,f)-.78 G
(rom the recipient')-3 E 3(sl)-.66 G(ogin information \(e.g. POP or)-3 E
(IMAP user name or account name on a multiuser computer\) or which disc\
loses the)97 648.2 Q 110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3
E([P)105.198 E(age 6])-.18 E EP
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E(speci\214c name of the computer where the response w)97 85 Q
(as generated.)-.12 E(Furthermore)6 E
(these do not necessarily produce a v)97 98 Q
(alid public email address for the recipient.)-.3 E -.18(Fo)6 G(r).18 E
(this reason the From \214eld of a Personal Response MUST be settable b\
y the recipient)97 111 Q(on whose behalf the responder is acting.)97 124
Q/F1 14/Times-Roman@0 SF<83>72 140.6 Q F0 -.18(Fo)20.1 G 3(rG).18 G(rou\
p Responders, the From address SHOULD contain an email address which)-3
E(could be used to reach the maintainer of that Group Responder)97 153.6
Q 6(.U)-.66 G(se of the)-6 E(Postmaster address for this purpose is NO)
97 166.6 Q 3(TR)-.48 G(ECOMMENDED.)-3 E(The human-readable portion of t\
he From address \(the "phrase" before the address,)97 183.2 Q(see [N2],\
 section 3.2.6\) SHOULD contain an indication of the function performed)
97 196.2 Q(by the Group Responder and on whose behalf it operates \(e.g\
. "Example Agenc)97 209.2 Q(y)-.18 E(virus \214lter"\))97 222.2 Q/F2 12
/Times-Bold@0 SF(3.1.2 Reply-T)72 248.2 Q 3<6f8c>-1.104 G(eld)-3 E F0
(If a reply is e)72 264.8 Q(xpected by the responder)-.18 E 3(,t)-.48 G
(he Reply-T)-3 E 3<6f8c>-.96 G(eld of the response SHOULD be)-3 E
(set to the address at which the reply is e)72 277.8 Q(xpected, e)-.18 E
-.18(ve)-.3 G 3(ni).18 G 3(ft)-3 G(his is the address of the same or)-3
E(another responder)72 290.8 Q 6(.R)-.66 G
(esponders which request replies to be sent to responders MUST)-6 E(pre)
72 303.8 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(nt mail loops and sorcerer').18 E 3(sa)-.66 G
(pprentice mode.)-3 E(Note that since \(according to the)6 E(pre)72
316.8 Q(vious section\) the From \214eld of the response SHOULD contain\
 the address of a)-.3 E(human, if the Reply-T)72 329.8 Q 3<6f8c>-.96 G
(eld of the response is used to direct replies to a responder it will)-3
E(not be the same as the address in the From \214eld.)72 342.8 Q
(Discussion: this assumes that the human recipient')72 359.4 Q 3(su)-.66
G(ser agent will normally send replies)-3 E(to the Reply-T)72 372.4 Q 3
(oa)-.96 G(ddress \(if present\), as recommended by [I6] since 1982, b)
-3 E(ut that it is still)-.24 E(possible for a recipient to reply to th\
e From address if he or she \214nds it useful to do so.)72 385.4 Q(This\
 is consistent with the intended use of these \214elds in [I6] and [N2]\
.)72 398.4 Q F2(3.1.3 T)72 424.4 Q 3<6f8c>-1.104 G(eld)-3 E F0(The T)72
441 Q 3(oh)-.96 G
(eader \214eld SHOULD indicate the recipient of the response.)-3 E
(In general there)6 E(SHOULD only be one recipient of an)72 454 Q 3(ya)
-.18 G(utomatic response.)-3 E(This minimizes the potential)6 E
(for sorcerer')72 467 Q 3(sa)-.66 G
(pprentice mode and denial-of-service attacks.)-3 E F2
(3.1.4 Date \214eld)72 493 Q F0(The Date header \214eld SHOULD indicate\
 the date and time at which the response w)72 509.6 Q(as)-.12 E 6
(generated. This)72 522.6 R(MUST NO)3 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(et)-3 G(ak)-3 E
(en as an)-.12 E 3(yi)-.18 G(ndication of the deli)-3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ry date of the).18 E
(subject message, nor of the time at which the response w)72 535.6 Q
(as sent.)-.12 E F2(3.1.5 Subject \214eld)72 561.6 Q F0(The Subject \
\214eld SHOULD contain a brief indication that the message is an automa\
tic)72 578.2 Q(response, follo)72 591.2 Q(wed by contents of the Subjec\
t \214eld \(or a portion thereof\) from the subject)-.3 E 3
(message. The)72 604.2 R(pre\214x "Auto:" MA)3 E 3(Yb)-1.26 G 3(eu)-3 G
(sed as such an indication.)-3 E(If used, this pre\214x)6 E
(SHOULD be follo)72 617.2 Q(wed by an ASCII SP)-.3 E -.48(AC)-1.104 G 3
(Ec).48 G(haracter \(0x20\).)-3 E(NO)72 633.8 Q
(TE: Just as the \(Latin-deri)-.48 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(d\) pre\214x "Re:" that is commonly used to indicate human-).18 E(gene\
rated responses is sometimes translated to other languages by mail user\
 agents, or)72 646.8 Q(otherwise interpreted by mail user agents as ind\
ication that the message is a reply)72 659.8 Q 3(,s)-.78 G 3(ot)-3 G(he)
-3 E 110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)105.198 E
(age 7])-.18 E EP
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E(\(Greek\) pre\214x "Auto:" may also be translated or used as a generi\
c indication that the)72 85 Q(message is an automatic response.)72 98 Q
(Ho)6 E(we)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(rt).18 G
(he "Auto:" indication is intended only as an)-3 E
(aid to humans in processing the message.)72 111 Q
(Mail processing softw)6 E(are SHOULD NO)-.12 E(T)-.48 E
(assume that the presence of "Auto:" at the be)72 124 Q
(ginning of a Subject \214eld is an indication)-.18 E
(that the message w)72 137 Q(as automatically submitted.)-.12 E(Note th\
at the Subject \214eld of the subject message may contain encoded-w)72
153.6 Q(ords formatted)-.12 E(according to [N3] and [n3.5], and such te)
72 166.6 Q(xt MA)-.18 E 3(Yb)-1.26 G 3(ei)-3 G
(ncluded in the Subject \214eld of a)-3 E 3(response. In)72 179.6 R(gen\
erating responses containing such \214elds there is rarely a need to de\
code)3 E(and re-encode such te)72 192.6 Q 3(xt. It)-.18 F
(is usually suf)3 E(\214cient to lea)-.3 E .36 -.18(ve t)-.24 H
(hose encoded-w).18 E(ords as the)-.12 E(y)-.18 E
(were in the subject message, merely prepending "Auto:)72 205.6 Q 3("o)6
G 3(ro)-3 G(ther indication.)-3 E(Ho)6 E(we)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G -.48(r,)
.18 G(it is still necessary to ensure that no line in the resulting Sub\
ject \214eld that contains an)72 218.6 Q(encoded-w)72 231.6 Q(ord is gr\
eater than 76 ASCII characters in length \(this refers to the encoded)
-.12 E(form, not the number of characters in the te)72 244.6 Q
(xt being encoded\).)-.18 E(Also, if the responder)6 E
(truncates the Subject from the subject message it is necessary to a)72
257.6 Q -.24(vo)-.24 G(id truncating Subject).24 E(te)72 270.6 Q
(xt in the middle of an encoded-w)-.18 E(ord.)-.12 E/F1 12/Times-Bold@0
SF(3.1.6 In-Reply-T)72 296.6 Q 3(oa)-1.104 G(nd Refer)-3 E
(ences \214elds)-.216 E F0(The In-Reply-T)72 313.2 Q 3(oa)-.96 G
(nd References \214elds SHOULD be pro)-3 E
(vided in the header of a response)-.18 E(message if there w)72 326.2 Q
(as a Message-ID \214eld in the subject message, according to the rules\
 in)-.12 E([N2] section 3.6.4.)72 339.2 Q F1(3.1.7 A)72 365.2 Q
(uto-Submitted \214eld)-.6 E F0(The Auto-Submitted \214eld, with a v)72
381.8 Q(alue of "auto-replied", SHOULD be included in the)-.3 E
(message header of an)72 394.8 Q 3(ya)-.18 G(utomatic response.)-3 E
(See section 5.)6 E F1(3.1.8 Pr)72 420.8 Q(ecedence \214eld)-.216 E F0 3
(Ar)72 437.4 S(esponse MA)-3 E 3(Yi)-1.26 G
(nclude a Precedence \214eld [I4] in order to discourage responses from)
-3 E(some kinds of responders which predate this speci\214cation.)72
450.4 Q(The \214eld-body of the)6 E(Precedence \214eld MA)72 463.4 Q 3
(Yc)-1.26 G(onsist of the te)-3 E(xt "junk", "list", "b)-.18 E
(ulk", or other te)-.24 E(xt deemed)-.18 E(appropriate by the responder)
72 476.4 Q 6(.B)-.66 G
(ecause the Precedence \214eld is non-standard and its)-6 E
(interpretation v)72 489.4 Q(aries widely)-.3 E 3(,t)-.78 G
(he use of Precedence is not speci\214cally recommended by)-3 E
(this speci\214cation, nor does this speci\214cation recommend an)72
502.4 Q 3(yp)-.18 G(articular v)-3 E(alue for that)-.3 E(\214eld.)72
515.4 Q F1(3.2 Message content)72 541.4 Q F0(In general, messages sent \
by Personal or Group Responders SHOULD be brief, and in)72 558 Q(te)72
571 Q(xt/plain format.)-.18 E 3(Am)6 G(ultipart/alternati)-3 E .36 -.18
(ve c)-.3 H(onstruct MA).18 E 3(Yb)-1.26 G 3(eu)-3 G(sed to communicate)
-3 E(responses in multiple languages, especially if in doing so it is d\
esirable to use multiple)72 584 Q(charsets.)72 597 Q
(Response messages SHOULD NO)72 613.6 Q 3(Ti)-.48 G
(nclude signi\214cant content from the subject message.)-3 E
(In particular)72 626.6 Q 3(,P)-.48 G
(ersonal and Group responses SHOULD NO)-3 E 3(Tc)-.48 G(ontain non-te)-3
E(xt content)-.18 E(from the subject message, and the)72 639.6 Q 3(yS)
-.18 G(HOULD NO)-3 E 3(Ti)-.48 G(nclude attachments from the subject)-3
E 3(message. Neither)72 652.6 R
(of these conditions applies to responders that speci\214cally e)3 E
(xist for the)-.18 E 110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3
E([P)105.198 E(age 8])-.18 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Roman@0 SF 275.04(Internet-Draft 2)72 49 R(September 2003)3
E(purpose of altering or translating content sent to them \(for instanc\
e, a FOR)72 85 Q(TRAN-to-C)-.72 E(translator\); ho)72 98 Q(we)-.3 E -.18
(ve)-.3 G .96 -.48(r, s).18 H(uch responders MUST emplo).48 E 3(ym)-.12
G(easures to a)-3 E -.24(vo)-.24 G(id being used as a).24 E
(means of laundering or forw)72 111 Q
(arding undesirable content, such as spam or viruses.)-.12 E
(Note that when te)72 127.6 Q
(xt from the Subject or other \214elds from the header of the subject)
-.18 E(message is included in the body of the response, it is necessary\
 to decode an)72 140.6 Q 3(ye)-.18 G(ncoded-)-3 E -.12(wo)72 153.6 S(rd\
s that appeared in those \214elds before including in the message body)
.12 E 3(,a)-.78 G(nd to use an)-3 E
(appropriate content-type, charset, and content-transfer)72 166.6 Q 3
(-encoding. In)-.24 F(some cases it may be)3 E
(necessary to transliterate te)72 179.6 Q
(xt from the charset\(s\) used in the header of the subject)-.18 E
(message, to the charset\(s\) used in the body of the response.)72 192.6
Q(\(It is much easier to)6 E(implement a responder if te)72 205.6 Q
(xt from the header of the subject message ne)-.18 E -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(rn)
.18 G(eeds to)-3 E(appear in the body of the response.\))72 218.6 Q/F1
12/Times-Bold@0 SF
(3.2.1 Use of DSNs and MDNs instead of this speci\214cation)72 244.6 Q
F0(In general, it is appropriate to use Deli)72 261.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ry Status Noti\214cations \(DSNs\) for responses that).18 E(are genera\
ted by the mail transport system as a result of attempts to relay)72
274.2 Q 3(,f)-.78 G(orw)-3 E(ard, or)-.12 E(deli)72 287.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3
G 3(rm).18 G(ail, and only when the purpose of that response is to pro)
-3 E(vide the sender of the)-.18 E
(subject message with information about the status of that mail deli)72
300.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(ry).18 E 6(.F)-.78 G(or instance, a)-6.18 E
("virus scanner" which is acti)72 313.2 Q -.3(va)-.3 G
(ted by a mail deli).3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ry process to \214lter harmful content).18 E(prior to deli)72 326.2 Q
-.18(ve)-.3 G(ry).18 E 3(,c)-.78 G
(ould return a DSN with the Action \214eld set to "f)-3 E
(ailed" with a Status)-.12 E(code of 5.7.1 \(Deli)72 339.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3
G(ry not authorized, message refused\) if the entire message w).18 E
(as not)-.12 E(deli)72 352.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(red due to security reason\
s; or it could return a DSN with the Action \214eld set to).18 E
("relayed" or "deli)72 365.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(red" \(as appropriate\) with a Status code set to 2.6.4 \(con).18 E
-.18(ve)-.48 G(rsion with).18 E(loss performed\) if the message w)72
378.2 Q(as relayed or deli)-.12 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(red with the presumably harmful).18 E(content remo)72 391.2 Q -.18(ve)
-.18 G 3(d. The).18 F
(DSN speci\214cation [I2], rather than this document, go)3 E -.18(ve)
-.18 G(rns the).18 E(generation and format of DSNs.)72 404.2 Q
(Similarly)72 420.8 Q 3(,i)-.78 G 3(ti)-3 G 3(sa)-3 G(ppropriate to use\
 Message Disposition Noti\214cations \(MDNs\) only for)-3 E
(responses generated on the recipient')72 433.8 Q 3(sb)-.66 G
(ehalf, which are generated on or after deli)-3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G(ry to)
.18 E 3(ar)72 446.8 S(ecipient')-3 E 3(sm)-.66 G
(ailbox, and for which the purpose of the response is to indicate the)-3
E(disposition of the message.)72 459.8 Q
(The MDN speci\214cation [I3], rather than this document,)6 E(go)72
472.8 Q -.18(ve)-.18 G(rns the generation and format of MDNs.).18 E(Thi\
s document is not intended to alter either the DSN or MDN speci\214cati\
ons.)72 489.4 Q(Responses)6 E(that \214t within the criteria of DSN or \
MDN, as de\214ned by the respecti)72 502.4 Q .36 -.18(ve s)-.3 H
(peci\214cations,).18 E(should be generated according to the DSN or MDN\
 speci\214cation rather than this)72 515.4 Q 3(document. Responses)72
528.4 R
(which do not \214t one of these sets of criteria should be generated)3
E(according to this document.)72 541.4 Q F1(3.3 Message en)72 567.4 Q
-.12(ve)-.48 G(lope).12 E F0(The SMTP MAIL FR)72 584 Q
(OM address, or other en)-.48 E -.18(ve)-.48 G
(lope return address used to send the).18 E
(message, SHOULD be chosen in such a w)72 597 Q(ay as to mak)-.12 E 3
(em)-.12 G(ail loops unlik)-3 E(ely)-.12 E 6(.A)-.78 G(loop)-3 E
(might occur)72 610 Q 3(,f)-.48 G
(or instance, if both sender and recipient of a message each ha)-3 E .36
-.18(ve a)-.24 H(utomatic).18 E(responders - the recipient')72 623 Q 3
(sr)-.66 G(esponder sends mail to the sender')-3 E 3(sr)-.66 G(esponder)
-3 E 3(,w)-.48 G(hich sends)-3 E(mail back to the recipient')72 636 Q 3
(sr)-.66 G(esponder)-3 E(.)-.66 E 110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R
(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)105.198 E(age 9])-.18 E EP
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E(The primary purpose of the MAIL FR)72 85 Q(OM address is to serv)-.48
E 3(ea)-.18 G 3(st)-3 G(he destination for)-3 E(deli)72 98 Q -.18(ve)-.3
G(ry status messages and other automatic responses.).18 E
(Since in most cases it is not)6 E(appropriate to respond to an automat\
ic response, and the responder is not interested in)72 111 Q(deli)72 124
Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(ry status messages, a MAIL FR).18 E(OM address of <> MA)
-.48 E 3(Yb)-1.26 G 3(eu)-3 G(sed for this purpose.)-3 E 3(AM)72 137 S
(AIL FR)-3 E
(OM address which is speci\214cally chosen for the purpose of sending)
-.48 E
(automatic responses, and which will not automatically respond to an)72
150 Q 3(ym)-.18 G(essage sent to it,)-3 E(MA)72 163 Q 3(Yb)-1.26 G 3(eu)
-3 G(sed instead of <>.)-3 E(The RCPT T)72 179.6 Q 3(Oa)-.216 G(ddress \
will \(of course\) be the address of the intended recipient of the)-3 E
3(response. It)72 192.6 R(is RECOMMENDED that the NO)3 E
(TIFY=NEVER parameter of the RCPT)-.48 E
(command be speci\214ed if the SMTP serv)72 205.6 Q
(er supports the DSN option [N5].)-.18 E/F1 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(4. Wher)
72 231.6 Q 3(et)-.216 G 3(os)-3 G(end automatic r)-3 E
(esponses \(and wher)-.216 E 3(en)-.216 G(ot to send them\))-3 E F0
(In general, automatic responses SHOULD be sent to the Return-P)72 248.2
Q(ath \214eld if generated)-.18 E(after deli)72 261.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ry).18 E 6(.I)-.78 G 3(ft)-6 G(he response is generated prior to deli)
-3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G(ry).18 E 3(,t)-.78 G(he response SHOULD be)-3 E
(sent to the re)72 274.2 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(rse-path from the SMTP MAIL FR)
.18 E(OM command, or \(in a non-SMTP)-.48 E(system\) to the en)72 287.2
Q -.18(ve)-.48 G(lope return address which serv).18 E
(es as the destination for nondeli)-.18 E -.18(ve)-.3 G(ry).18 E
(reports.)72 300.2 Q(If the response is to be generated after deli)72
316.8 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(ry).18 E 3(,a)-.78 G(nd there is no Return-P)-3 E
(ath \214eld in the)-.18 E
(subject message, there is an implementation error in the SMTP serv)72
329.8 Q(er that deli)-.18 E -.18(ve)-.3 G(red the).18 E
(message, or that SMTP serv)72 342.8 Q(er is improperly con\214gured.)
-.18 E 3(AP)6 G(ersonal or Group responder)-3 E(SHOULD NO)72 355.8 Q 3
(Td)-.48 G(eli)-3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(rar).18 G(esponse to an)-3 E 3(ya)
-.18 G(ddress other than that in the Return-P)-3 E(ath \214eld,)-.18 E
-2.58 -.3(ev e)72 368.8 T 3(ni).3 G 3(ft)-3 G(he Return-P)-3 E
(ath \214eld is missing.)-.18 E
(It is better to \214x the problem with the mail)6 E(deli)72 381.8 Q
-.18(ve)-.3 G(ry system than to rely on heuristics to guess the appropr\
iate destination of the).18 E 3(response. Such)72 394.8 R(heuristics ha)
3 E .36 -.18(ve b)-.24 H(een kno).18 E
(wn to cause problems in the past.)-.3 E 3(AS)72 411.4 S
(ervice Responder MA)-3 E 3(Yd)-1.26 G(eli)-3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(rt).18 G
(he response to the address\(es\) from the From \214eld, or)-3 E
(to another address from the request payload, pro)72 424.4 Q
(vided this beha)-.18 E(vior is precisely de\214ned in)-.24 E
(the speci\214cation for that service.)72 437.4 Q
(Services responders SHOULD NO)6 E 3(Tu)-.48 G(se the Reply-T)-3 E(o)
-.96 E(\214eld for this purpose.)72 450.4 Q(The Reply-T)72 467 Q 3<6f8c>
-.96 G(eld SHOULD NO)-3 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(eu)-3 G
(sed as the destination for automatic responses)-3 E
(from Personal or Group Responders.)72 480 Q
(In general, this \214eld is set by a human sender based)6 E
(on his/her anticipation of ho)72 493 Q 3(wh)-.3 G
(uman recipients will respond to the speci\214c content of)-3 E
(that message. F)72 506 Q(or instance, a human sender may use Reply-T)
-.18 E 3(ot)-.96 G 3(or)-3 G(equest that replies be)-3 E
(sent to an entire mailing list.)72 519 Q(Ev)6 E
(en for replies from humans, there are cases where it is)-.18 E
(not appropriate to respond to the Reply-T)72 532 Q 3(oa)-.96 G
(ddress, especially if the sender has ask)-3 E(ed that)-.12 E
(replies be sent to a group and/or mailing list.)72 545 Q
(Since a Personal or Group Responder)6 E
(operates on behalf of a human recipient, it is safer to assume that an)
72 558 Q 3(yR)-.18 G(eply-T)-3 E 3<6f8c>-.96 G(eld)-3 E
(present in the message w)72 571 Q
(as set by a human sender on the assumption that an)-.12 E 3(yr)-.18 G
(eply w)-3 E(ould)-.12 E(come from a human who had some understanding o\
f the roles of the sender and other)72 584 Q 3(recipients. An)72 597 R(\
automatic responder lacks the information necessary to understand those)
3 E 3(roles. Sending)72 610 R(automatic responses to Reply-T)3 E 3(oa)
-.96 G(ddresses can thus result in a lar)-3 E(ge)-.216 E
(number of people recei)72 623 Q(ving a useless or unw)-.3 E
(anted message; it can also contrib)-.12 E(ute to mail)-.24 E(loops.)72
636 Q 110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)99.198 E
(age 10])-.18 E EP
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E(Use of the From \214eld as the destination for automatic responses ha\
s some of the same)72 85 Q(problems as use of Reply-T)72 98 Q 3(o. In)
-.96 F(particular)3 E 3(,t)-.48 G
(he From \214eld may list multiple addresses,)-3 E
(while automatic responses should only be sent to a single address.)72
111 Q(In general, the From)6 E(and Reply-T)72 124 Q 3(oa)-.96 G
(ddresses are used in a v)-3 E(ariety of w)-.3 E(ays according to dif)
-.12 E(fering)-.3 E(circumstances, and for this reason Personal or Grou\
p Responders cannot reliably assume)72 137 Q
(that an address in the From or Reply-T)72 150 Q 3<6f8c>-.96 G
(eld is an appropriate destination for the)-3 E 3(response. F)72 163 R
(or these reasons the From \214eld SHOULD NO)-.18 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(eu)-3
G(sed as a destination for)-3 E(automatic responses.)72 176 Q(Similarly)
72 192.6 Q 3(,t)-.78 G(he Sender \214eld SHOULD NO)-3 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3
(eu)-3 G(sed as the destination for automatic)-3 E 3(responses. This)72
205.6 R(\214eld is intended only to identify the person or entity that \
sent the)3 E
(message, and is not required to contain an address that is v)72 218.6 Q
(alid for replies.)-.3 E(The Return-P)72 235.2 Q
(ath address is really the only one from the message header that can be)
-.18 E -.18(ex)72 248.2 S(pected, as a matter of protocol, to be suitab\
le for automatic responses that were not).18 E
(anticipated by the sender)72 261.2 Q(.)-.66 E/F1 12/Times-Bold@0 SF
(5. The A)72 287.2 Q(uto-Submitted header \214eld)-.6 E F0(The purpose \
of the Auto-Submitted header \214eld is to indicate that the message w)
72 303.8 Q(as)-.12 E
(originated by an automatic process, or an automatic responder)72 316.8
Q 3(,r)-.48 G(ather than by a human;)-3 E(and to f)72 329.8 Q(acilitate\
 automatic \214ltering of messages from signal paths for which automati\
cally)-.12 E
(generated messages and automatic responses are not desirable.)72 342.8
Q F1(5.1 Syntax)72 368.8 Q F0(The syntax of Auto-Submitted is as follo)
72 385.4 Q(ws, using the ABNF notation of [N6]:)-.3 E/F2 12/Courier@0 SF
28.8(auto-submitted-field =)72 404.4 R("Auto-Submitted:" [CFWS])7.2 E
(auto-submitted [CFWS] CRLF)266.4 417.4 Q 72(auto-submitted =)72 443.4 R
7.2(\(")7.2 G(no" / "auto-generated" /)-7.2 E
("auto-replied" / extension \))266.4 456.4 Q(opt-parameter-list)266.4
469.4 Q 108(extension =)72 495.4 R(token)7.2 E 43.2
(opt-parameter-list =)72 521.4 R(*\( [CFWS] ";" [CFWS] parameter \))7.2
E F0(The symbols "tok)72 553.4 Q
(en", and "parameter" are as de\214ned in [N7] \(as amended by [N4]\).)
-.12 E(The maximum number of Auto-Submitted \214elds that may appear in\
 a message header is)72 570 Q(1.)72 583 Q F1(5.2 Semantics)72 609 Q F0
(The Auto-Submitted header \214eld SHOULD NO)72 625.6 Q 3(Tb)-.48 G 3
(es)-3 G(upplied for messages that were)-3 E
(manually submitted by a human.)72 638.6 Q(\(Ho)6 E(we)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3
G .96 -.48(r, u).18 H(ser agents that allo).48 E 3(ws)-.3 G
(enders to specify)-3 E(arbitrary \214elds SHOULD NO)72 651.6 Q 3(Tp)
-.48 G(re)-3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(nt humans from setting the Auto-Submitted \214eld,).18 E 110.346
(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)99.198 E(age 11])-.18
E EP
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E(because it is sometimes useful for testing.\))72 85 Q
(The auto-generated k)72 101.6 Q -.18(ey)-.12 G -.12(wo).18 G(rd:).12 E
/F1 14/Times-Roman@0 SF<83>72 118.2 Q F0(SHOULD be used on messages gen\
erated by automatic \(often periodic\) processes)20.1 E(\(such as UNIX \
"cron jobs"\) which are not direct responses to other messages,)97 131.2
Q F1<83>72 147.8 Q F0(MUST NO)20.1 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(eu)-3 G
(sed on manually generated messages,)-3 E F1<83>72 164.4 Q F0(MUST NO)
20.1 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(eu)-3 G
(sed on a message issued in direct response to another message.)-3 E
(The auto-replied k)72 181 Q -.18(ey)-.12 G -.12(wo).18 G(rd:).12 E F1
<83>72 197.6 Q F0
(SHOULD be used on messages sent in direct response to another message,)
20.1 E F1<83>72 214.2 Q F0(MUST NO)20.1 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(eu)-3 G
(sed on manually-generated messages,)-3 E F1<83>72 230.8 Q F0(MUST NO)
20.1 E 3(Tb)-.48 G 3(eu)-3 G
(sed on messages generated by automatic or periodic processes,)-3 E -.18
(ex)97 243.8 S
(cept for messages which are automatic responses to other messages.).18
E(The "no" k)72 260.4 Q -.18(ey)-.12 G -.12(wo).18 G(rd MA).12 E 3(Yb)
-1.26 G 3(eu)-3 G(sed to e)-3 E(xplicitly indicate that a message w)-.18
E(as originated by a)-.12 E
(human, if for some reason this is found to be appropriate.)72 273.4 Q
(Extension k)72 290 Q -.18(ey)-.12 G -.12(wo).18 G
(rds may be de\214ned in the future, though it seems unlik).12 E(ely)
-.12 E 6(.T)-.78 G(he syntax)-6 E(and semantics of such k)72 303 Q -.18
(ey)-.12 G -.12(wo).18 G(rds must be published as RFCs and appro).12 E
-.18(ve)-.18 G 3(du).18 G(sing the IETF)-3 E(Consensus process [N8].)72
316 Q -2.58 -.3(Ke y)6 H -.12(wo).3 G(rds be).12 E
(ginning with "x-" are reserv)-.18 E(ed for e)-.18 E(xperiments and)-.18
E(use among consenting parties.)72 329 Q
(Recipients of messages containing an Auto-Submitted)6 E
(\214eld with an)72 342 Q 3(yk)-.18 G -.18(ey)-3.12 G -.12(wo).18 G
(rd other than "no" MA).12 E 3(Ya)-1.26 G(ssume that the message w)-3 E
(as not manually)-.12 E(submitted by a human.)72 355 Q(Optional paramet\
ers may also be de\214ned by an IETF Consensus process.)72 371.6 Q
(The syntax of)6 E(optional parameters is gi)72 384.6 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G 3
(nh).18 G(ere to allo)-3 E 3(wf)-.3 G(or future de\214nition should the)
-3 E 3(yb)-.18 G 3(en)-3 G(eeded.)-3 E(Implementations of Auto-Submitte\
d conforming to this speci\214cation MUST NO)72 397.6 Q 3(Tf)-.48 G
(ail to)-3.12 E(recognize an Auto-Submitted \214eld and k)72 410.6 Q
-.18(ey)-.12 G -.12(wo).18 G(rd that contains syntactically v).12 E
(alid optional)-.3 E(parameters, b)72 423.6 Q
(ut such implementations MA)-.24 E 3(Yi)-1.26 G
(gnore those parameters if the)-3 E 3(ya)-.18 G(re present.)-3 E -.18
(Pa)72 436.6 S(rameter names be).18 E(ginning with "x-" are reserv)-.18
E(ed for e)-.18 E(xperiments and use among)-.18 E(consenting parties.)72
449.6 Q(The "comment" syntactical construct from [N2] can be used to in\
dicate a reason wh)72 466.2 Q 3(yt)-.06 G(his)-3 E(message w)72 479.2 Q
(as automatically submitted.)-.12 E/F2 12/Times-Bold@0 SF
(6. Security Considerations)72 505.2 Q F0
(Automatic responders introduce the potential for se)72 521.8 Q -.18(ve)
-.3 G(ral kinds of attack, including:).18 E F1<83>72 538.4 Q F0
(Use of such responders to relay harmful or ab)20.1 E(usi)-.24 E .36
-.18(ve c)-.3 H(ontent \(w).18 E(orms, viruses, spam,)-.12 E(and sp)97
551.4 Q(ymail\) for the purpose of wider distrib)-.12 E
(ution of the content or masking the)-.24 E(source of such content;)97
564.4 Q F1<83>72 581 Q F0(Use of such responders to mount denial-of-ser\
vice attacks by using responders to)20.1 E(relay messages to lar)97 594
Q(ge numbers of addresses, or to \215ood indi)-.216 E(vidual mailbox)-.3
E(es with)-.18 E 3(al)97 607 S(ar)-3 E(ge amount of unw)-.216 E
(anted content, or both;)-.12 E F1<83>72 623.6 Q F0(Deliberate or accid\
ental use of such responders to construct mail loops or "sorcerer')20.1
E(s)-.66 E(apprentice mode", thus taxing the resources of the mail tran\
sport system;)97 636.6 Q 110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R
(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)99.198 E(age 12])-.18 E EP
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E/F1 14/Times-Roman@0 SF<83>72 85 Q F0
(Use of such responders to determine whether recipient addresses are v)
20.1 E(alid,)-.3 E
(especially when such information is not otherwise pro)97 98 Q
(vided \(e.g. SMTP RCPT or)-.18 E
(VRFY command responses\) and is not intended to be disclosed;)97 111 Q
F1<83>72 127.6 Q F0(Use of such responders to obtain personal informati\
on about recipients, including)20.1 E(information about recipients' rec\
ent usage of his mailbox or recent acti)97 140.6 Q(vity;)-.3 E F1<83>72
157.2 Q F0(In addition, the responder itself may be subject to attack b\
y sending it lar)20.1 E(ge numbers)-.216 E(of requests.)97 170.2 Q(This\
 document attempts to reduce the vulnerability of responders to such at\
tack, in)72 186.8 Q(particular by)72 199.8 Q F1<83>72 216.4 Q F0(Recomm\
ending that responders not relay signi\214cant content from the subject)
20.1 E(message \(thus minimizing the potential for use of responders to\
 launder or amplify)97 229.4 Q(attack)97 242.4 Q(er)-.12 E
(-chosen content\))-.24 E F1<83>72 259 Q F0
(Recommending that responders clearly mark responses with the)20.1 E 3
("Auto-Submitted: auto-replied")97 272 R
(header \214eld to distinguish them from messages)3 E(originated by hum\
ans \(in part, to minimize the potential for loops and denial-of-)97 285
Q(service attacks\),)97 298 Q F1<83>72 314.6 Q F0(Recommending that Per\
sonal and Group Responders limit the number of responses)20.1 E
(sent to an)97 327.6 Q 3(yi)-.18 G(ndi)-3 E
(vidual per period of time \(also limiting the potential damage caused)
-.3 E(by loops\),)97 340.6 Q F1<83>72 357.2 Q F0(Recommending that resp\
onders respond to at most one address per incoming)20.1 E(message \(to \
minimize the potential for deliberate or accidental denial-of-service v\
ia)97 370.2 Q("multiplication" or sorcerer')97 383.2 Q 3(sa)-.66 G
(pprentice mode\),)-3 E F1<83>72 399.8 Q F0(Recommending that responses\
 from Personal and Group Responders should be brief)20.1 E
(and in plain te)97 412.8 Q(xt format \(to minimize the potential for m\
ail responders to be used as)-.18 E(mechanisms for transmitting harmful\
 content and/or disguising the source of)97 425.8 Q(harmful content\).)
97 438.8 Q(Ho)72 455.4 Q(we)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G .96 -.48(r, b).18 H
(ecause email addresses are easily for).48 E
(ged, attacks are still possible for an)-.216 E(y)-.18 E(email responde\
r which does not limit access and require authentication before issuing\
 a)72 468.4 Q 3(response. The)72 481.4 R(abo)3 E .36 -.18(ve m)-.18 H
(easures attempt to limit the damage which can be done, b).18 E(ut the)
-.24 E(y)-.18 E(cannot entirely pre)72 494.4 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G
(nt attacks.).18 E(This section describes vulnerabilities inherent in a\
utomatically responding to mail.)72 511 Q(Other)6 E(vulnerabilities are\
 associated with some mail-based services which automatically respond)72
524 Q(to email messages, b)72 537 Q(ut these are not caused by the f)
-.24 E(act that the serv)-.12 E(er automatically)-.18 E
(responds to incoming messages.)72 550 Q(In general, an)6 E 3(yn)-.18 G
(etw)-3 E(ork-based service \(including those)-.12 E
(accessed by email\) needs to pro)72 563 Q(vide security that is suf)
-.18 E(\214cient to pre)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G(nt the service from).18 E
(being used as a means to inappropriately or destructi)72 576 Q -.18(ve)
-.3 G(ly access the resources that are).18 E(accessible by the service.)
72 589 Q(It has also been noted that Personal and Group Responders some\
times inappropriately)72 605.6 Q
(disclose recipients' personal information.)72 618.6 Q
(This might happen automatically \(as when a)6 E
(Group Responder automatically supplies a recipient')72 631.6 Q 3(sp)
-.66 G(ersonal or mobile telephone)-3 E
(number as alternate contact information\) or "manually".)72 644.6 Q
(Automatically-generated)6 E(information SHOULD NO)72 657.6 Q 3(Ti)-.48
G(nclude personal information about the recipient which is not)-3 E
110.346(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)99.198 E
(age 13])-.18 E EP
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E(already kno)72 85 Q(wn to, or easily a)-.3 E -.3(va)-.24 G
(ilable to, the sender of the subject message.).3 E(User)6 E(interf)72
98 Q(aces which allo)-.12 E 3(wr)-.3 G(ecipients to supply response te)
-3 E(xt SHOULD mak)-.18 E 3(ei)-.12 G 3(tc)-3 G(lear to the)-3 E
(user that this information will be made a)72 111 Q -.3(va)-.24 G
(ilable not only to local colleagues b).3 E(ut also to)-.24 E
(the entire Internet, including potential attack)72 124 Q(ers.)-.12 E/F1
12/Times-Bold@0 SF(7. IAN)72 150 Q 3(AC)-.24 G(onsiderations)-3 E F0
(Section 5 of this document de\214nes tw)72 166.6 Q 3(on)-.12 G .6 -.3
(ew e)-3 H(xtension mechanisms - ne).12 E 3(wk)-.3 G -.18(ey)-3.12 G
-.12(wo).18 G(rds for).12 E(the Auto-Submitted header \214eld, and ne)72
179.6 Q 3(wo)-.3 G(ptional parameters for the Auto-Submitted)-3 E 3
(\214eld. If)72 192.6 R(at an)3 E 3(yp)-.18 G(oint in the future ne)-3 E
3(wk)-.3 G -.18(ey)-3.12 G -.12(wo).18 G(rds or parameters are appro).12
E -.18(ve)-.18 G 3(d\().18 G(through an)-3 E
(IETF Consensus process\) it may be appropriate for IAN)72 205.6 Q 3(At)
-.42 G 3(oc)-3 G(reate a re)-3 E(gistry of such)-.18 E -.12(ke)72 218.6
S(yw)-.06 E(ords or parameters.)-.12 E F1(8. Ackno)72 244.6 Q
(wledgments)-.12 E F0(In the mid-1990s Jeroen Houttuin of TEREN)72 261.2
Q 3(Aa)-.42 G(uthored a series of internet-drafts on)-3 E("Beha)72 274.2
Q(vior of Mail Based Serv)-.24 E(ers", and in particular)-.18 E 3(,o)
-.48 G(ne document on "Answering)-3 E(Serv)72 287.2 Q(ers" [I7].)-.18 E
(While these documents were \(to this author')6 E 3(sk)-.66 G(no)-3 E
(wledge\) ne)-.3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(rf).18 G(ormally)-3 E(published, the)
72 300.2 Q 3(yp)-.18 G(ro)-3 E(vided the \214rst well-reasoned ar)-.18 E
(gument \(kno)-.216 E(wn to this author\) as to the)-.3 E(best w)72
313.2 Q(ay for such serv)-.12 E(ers to interf)-.18 E
(ace with email systems and protocols.)-.12 E(The idea for the Auto-Sub\
mitted \214eld comes from the X.400/MHS mail system [I8].)72 329.8 Q
([I9])6 E(de\214ned an "Autosubmitted" \214eld for use when g)72 342.8 Q
(ate)-.06 E -.12(wa)-.3 G(ying between X.400 and Internet).12 E 3
(mail. Jacob)72 355.8 R -.18(Pa)3 G(lme wrote an internet-draft [I10] d\
e\214ning use of the "Auto-Submitted").18 E(\214eld for Internet mail, \
which made it through Last Call without signi\214cant objections, b)72
368.8 Q(ut)-.24 E(got stalled in an attempt to resolv)72 381.8 Q 3(en)
-.18 G(on-substantial objections.)-3 E(The de\214nition of)6 E
(Auto-Submitted in this document is deri)72 394.8 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G 3(d\()
.18 G(i.e. slightly simpli\214ed\) from the one in that)-3 E
(document, with some te)72 407.8 Q(xt stolen outright.)-.18 E
(Thanks are also due to those who contrib)72 424.4 Q
(uted suggestions to this document: Russ Allbery)-.24 E(,)-.78 E
(Adam Costello, Ned Freed, La)72 437.4 Q
(wrence Green\214eld, Arnt Gulbrandsen, Eric Hall, T)-.18 E(on)-.96 E(y)
-.18 E(Hansen, Dan K)72 450.4 Q(ohn, Bruce Lilly)-.42 E 3(,d)-.78 G
(er Mouse, L)-3 E(yndon Nerenber)-.66 E(g, Florian W)-.216 E(eimer)-.96
E 3(,a)-.48 G(nd Dan)-3 E -.48(Wi)72 463.4 S(ng.).48 E F1(9. A)72 489.4
Q(uthor')-.6 E 3(sA)-.444 G(ddr)-3 E(ess)-.216 E F0 -.3(Ke)72 508.4 S
(ith Moore).3 E(Inno)72 521.4 Q -.3(va)-.18 G(ti).3 E .36 -.18(ve C)-.3
H(omputing Laboratory).18 E(Uni)72 534.4 Q -.18(ve)-.3 G(rsity of T).18
E(ennessee, Knoxville)-.84 E(1122 V)72 547.4 Q(olunteer Blvd, #203)
-1.548 E(Knoxville, TN 37996-3450)72 560.4 Q/F2 12/Courier@0 SF
(moore@cs.utk.edu)72 586.4 Q F1(10. Normati)72 618.4 Q .24 -.12(ve R)
-.12 H(efer).12 E(ences)-.216 E F0 16.344([N1] Bradner)72 635 R 3(,S)
-.48 G 3(.K)-3 G .36 -.18(ey w)-3.3 H
(ords for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Le).06 E -.18(ve)-.3 G 3
(ls. RFC).18 F(2119, March 1997.)114 648 Q 110.346(Moore Automatic)72
697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)99.198 E(age 14])-.18 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Roman@0 SF 275.04(Internet-Draft 2)72 49 R(September 2003)3
E 16.344([N2] Resnick,)72 85 R 2.664 -1.332(P. \()3 H
(ed.\) Internet Message F)1.332 E 3(ormat. RFC)-.18 F(2822, April 2001.)
3 E 16.344([N3] Moore,)72 101.6 R 3(K. MIME)3 F
(\(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions\) P)3 E(art Three: Message)-.18
E(Header Extensions for Non-ASCII T)114 114.6 Q -.18(ex)-.84 G 3(t. RFC)
.18 F(2047, No)3 E -.18(ve)-.18 G(mber 1996.).18 E 16.344([N4] Freed,)72
131.2 R(N., Moore., K.)3 E(MIME P)6 E(arameter V)-.18 E
(alue and Encoded W)-1.332 E(ord Extensions:)-.96 E
(Character Sets, Languages, and Continuations.)114 144.2 Q(RFC 2231, No)
6 E -.18(ve)-.18 G(mber 1997.).18 E 16.344([N5] Moore,)72 160.8 R 3
(K. SMTP)3 F(Service Extension for Deli)3 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ry Status Noti\214cations.).18 E(RFC)6 E(3461, January 2003.)114 173.8
Q 16.344([N6] Crock)72 190.4 R(er)-.12 E 3(,D)-.48 G 3(.\()-3 G
(ed.\), Ov)-3 E(erell, P)-.18 E 3(.A)-1.332 G
(ugmented BNF for Syntax Speci\214cations: ABNF)-3 E(.)-.96 E
(RFC 2234, No)114 203.4 Q -.18(ve)-.18 G(mber 1997.).18 E 16.344
([N7] Freed,)72 220 R(N. Borenstein, N.)3 E
(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions \(MIME\) P)6 E(art)-.18 E(One: F)
114 233 Q(ormat of Internet Message Bodies.)-.18 E(RFC 2045, No)6 E -.18
(ve)-.18 G(mber 1996.).18 E 16.344([N8] Narten,)72 249.6 R -.888(T.)3 G
3(,A).888 G(lv)-3 E(estrand, H.)-.18 E(Guidelines for Writing an IAN)6 E
3(AC)-.42 G(onsiderations)-3 E(Section in RFCs.)114 262.6 Q
(RFC 2434, October 1998.)6 E/F1 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(11. Inf)72 288.6 Q
(ormati)-.3 E .24 -.12(ve R)-.12 H(efer).12 E(ences)-.216 E F0 21.012
([I1] "Sorcerer')72 305.2 R 3(sa)-.66 G
(pprentice mode", originally from the Jar)-3 E
(gon \214le once maintained at)-.216 E(MIT)114 318.2 Q(-AI and SAIL; no)
-1.104 E 3(wc)-.3 G(ollected at v)-3 E(arious places on the net.)-.3 E
(See e.g.)6 E/F2 12/Courier@0 SF(http://www.jargon.net/)114 331.2 Q F0
21.012([I2] Moore,)72 347.8 R(K. V)3 E(audreuil, G.)-1.332 E
(An Extensible Message F)6 E(ormat for Deli)-.18 E -.18(ve)-.3 G
(ry Status).18 E 3(Noti\214cations. RFC)114 360.8 R(3464, January 2003.)
3 E 21.012([I3] F)72 377.4 R(ajman, R.)-.18 E(An Extensible Message F)6
E(ormat for Message Disposition)-.18 E
(Noti\214cations. RFC 2298, March 1998.)114 390.4 Q 21.012([I4] P)72 407
R(alme, J.)-.18 E(Common Internet Message Headers.)6 E
(RFC 2076, February 1997.)6 E 21.012([I5] Neufeld,)72 423.6 R(G., Baer)3
E 3(,J)-.48 G 3(.T)-3 G
(he Use of URLs as Meta-Syntax for Core Mail List)-3 E
(Commands and their T)114 436.6 Q
(ransport through Message Header Fields.)-.42 E(RFC 2369, July)6 E
(1998.)114 449.6 Q 21.012([I6] Crock)72 466.2 R(er)-.12 E 3(,D)-.48 G 6
(.S)-3 G(tandard for the format of ARP)-6 E 3(AI)-1.104 G(nternet te)-3
E(xt messages.)-.18 E(RFC 822,)6 E(August 1982.)114 479.2 Q 21.012
([I7] Houttuin,)72 495.8 R(J. BoMBS series: Beha)3 E
(vior of Mail Based Serv)-.24 E(ers / P)-.18 E(art 2: A-BoMBS)-.18 E 3
(/A)114 508.8 S(nswering Serv)-3 E 3(ers. Expired)-.18 F
(Internet-Draft "draft-rare-msg-a-bombs-01.txt",)3 E
(December 1994. \(reference included only for attrib)114 521.8 Q
(ution\))-.24 E 21.012([I8] X.400.)72 538.4 R
(\(perhaps someone can supply the correct reference for the \214rst v)6
E(ersion of)-.18 E(the X.400 document to de\214ne autosubmitted?\))114
551.4 Q 21.012([I9] Kille,)72 568 R 3(S. MIXER)3 F
(\(Mime Internet X.400 Enhanced Relay\): Mapping between)3 E
(X.400 and RFC 822/MIME.)114 581 Q(RFC 2156, January 1998.)6 E 15.012
([I10] P)72 597.6 R(alme, J.)-.18 E
("The Auto-Submitted and Expires Headers in E-mail".)6 E(Expired)6 E
(Internet-Draft "draft-ietf-maile)114 610.6 Q(xt-ne)-.18 E
(w-\214elds-15.txt", February 1999. \(reference)-.3 E
(included only for attrib)114 623.6 Q(ution\))-.24 E 110.346
(Moore Automatic)72 697 R(E-Mail Responses)3 E([P)99.198 E(age 15])-.18
E EP
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