One document matched: draft-ietf-pcp-proxy-03.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>
<!DOCTYPE rfc SYSTEM "rfc2629.dtd">
<?rfc toc="yes"?>
<?rfc symrefs="yes"?>
<?rfc sortrefs="yes"?>
<?rfc comments="yes"?>
<?rfc inline="yes"?>
<?rfc compact="yes"?>
<rfc category="std" docName="draft-ietf-pcp-proxy-03" ipr="trust200902">
  <front>
    <title abbrev="PCP Proxy">Port Control Protocol (PCP) Proxy
    Function</title>

    <author fullname="Mohamed Boucadair" initials="M." surname="Boucadair">
      <organization>France Telecom</organization>

      <address>
        <postal>
          <street></street>

          <city>Rennes</city>

          <code>35000</code>

          <country>France</country>
        </postal>

        <email>mohamed.boucadair@orange.com</email>
      </address>
    </author>

    <author fullname="Reinaldo Penno" initials="R." surname="Penno">
      <organization>Cisco</organization>

      <address>
        <postal>
          <street></street>

          <code></code>

          <country>USA</country>
        </postal>

        <email>repenno@cisco.com</email>
      </address>
    </author>

    <author fullname="Dan Wing" initials="D." surname="Wing">
      <organization abbrev="Cisco">Cisco Systems, Inc.</organization>

      <address>
        <postal>
          <street>170 West Tasman Drive</street>

          <city>San Jose</city>

          <region>California</region>

          <code>95134</code>

          <country>USA</country>
        </postal>

        <email>dwing@cisco.com</email>
      </address>
    </author>

    <date day="18" month="June" year="2013" />

    <workgroup>PCP Working Group</workgroup>

    <keyword>PCP, proxy</keyword>

    <abstract>
      <t>This document specifies a new PCP functional element denoted as PCP
      Proxy. The PCP Proxy relays PCP requests received from PCP Clients to
      upstream PCP Server(s). This function is mandatory when PCP Clients can
      not be configured with the address of the PCP Server located more than
      one hop.</t>
    </abstract>
  </front>

  <middle>
    <section title="Introduction">
      <t><?rfc subcompact="no" ?>This document defines a new PCP <xref
      target="RFC6887"></xref> function element, called PCP Proxy, which is
      meant to facilitate the communication between a PCP Client and upstream
      PCP Server(s). The PCP Proxy acts as a PCP Server receiving PCP requests
      on internal interfaces, and as a PCP Client forwarding accepted PCP
      requests on an external interface to a PCP Server. The PCP Server in
      turn sends PCP responses to the PCP Proxy external interface which are
      finally forwarded to PCP Clients. A reference architecture is depicted
      in <xref target="Reference_Architecture"></xref>.</t>

      <t>A PCP Proxy can be for instance embedded in a CP (Customer Premises)
      router while the PCP Server is located in a network operated by an ISP
      (Internet Service Provider). It is out of scope of this document to list
      all deployment scenarios requiring a PCP Proxy to be involved.</t>

      <t>The PCP Proxy can be simple (i.e., a single-homed entity which
      implement as transparent/minimal processing as possible) or it can
      support advanced features (see <xref target="advanced"></xref>). A PCP
      Proxy can be co-located with UPnP IGD <xref
      target="I-D.ietf-pcp-upnp-igd-interworking"></xref> or/and NAT-PMP <xref
      target="I-D.bpw-pcp-nat-pmp-interworking"></xref> Interworking Function
      (IWF).</t>

      <t><figure align="center" anchor="Reference_Architecture"
          title="Reference Architecture">
          <artwork><![CDATA[
   +------------+                        
   | PCP Client |-----+                  
   +--(Host 1)--+     |   +-----------+       +----------+   
                      +---|           |       |          |  
                          | PCP Proxy |-------|PCP Server| 
                      +---|           |       |          |   
   +------------+     |   +-----------+       +----------+    
   | PCP Client |-----+                  
   +--(Host 2)--+                  

 Internal PCP Clients 
                  
]]></artwork>
        </figure></t>

      <t></t>
    </section>

    <section title="Requirements Language">
      <t>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
      "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
      document are to be interpreted as described in <xref
      target="RFC2119">RFC 2119</xref>.</t>
    </section>

    <section title="PCP Server Discovery and Provisioning">
      <t>The PCP Proxy MUST follow the procedure defined in Section 8.1 of
      <xref target="RFC6887"></xref> to discover its PCP Server.</t>

      <t>The address of the PCP Proxy is provisioned to internal PCP Clients
      (see <xref target="Reference_Architecture"></xref>) as their default PCP
      Server: If the PCP DHCP option <xref target="RFC6887"></xref> is
      supported by an internal PCP Client, it will retrieve the PCP Server IP
      address to use from its local DHCP server; otherwise internal PCP
      Clients will assume their default router being the PCP Server.</t>
    </section>

    <section title="PCP Proxy as a PCP Server">
      <t>The PCP Proxy acts as a PCP Server for internal hosts and accepts PCP
      requests on the interface(s) facing them.</t>

      <t>When the topology makes a routing loop possible, the PCP Proxy MAY
      check it is not the source of a PCP message it received.</t>
    </section>

    <section title="Control of the Firewall">
      <t>A security policy to accept PCP messages from the provisioned PCP
      Server(s) is to be enabled on the device embedding the PCP Proxy. This
      policy can be for instance triggered by DHCP configuration or by
      outbound PCP requests issued from the PCP Proxy to the provisioned PCP
      Server.</t>

      <t>In order to accept inbound and outbound traffic associated with PCP
      mappings instantiated in the upstream PCP Server, appropriate security
      policies are to be configured on the firewall.</t>

      <t>For instance if the firewall rules have a lifetime, PCP response can
      be snooped in order to instantiate the corresponding firewall rules with
      the same lifetime. If they have no lifetime, an explicit dynamic mapping
      table can be kept in the PCP Proxy state in order to instantiate and
      remove corresponding firewall rules.</t>

      <t>FILTER Options can be installed into the local firewall, forwarded to
      the PCP Server so installed into the remote NAT/firewall or both.</t>
    </section>

    <section title="No NAT is Co-located with the PCP Proxy">
      <t>When no NAT is co-located with the PCP Proxy, the port numbers
      included in received PCP messages (from the PCP Server or PCP Client(s))
      are not altered by the PCP Proxy. Nevertheless, the PCP Client IP
      Address MUST be changed to the address of the PCP Proxy and a
      THIRD_PARTY Option inserted to carry the IP address of the source PCP
      Client.</t>

      <t>Because no NAT is invoked, there is no reachability failure risk to
      relay to the PCP Server unknown Options and OpCodes which carry an IP
      address.</t>
    </section>

    <section anchor="embedded_NAT"
             title="PCP Proxy Co-located with a NAT Function">
      <t>When the PCP Proxy is co-located with a NAT function, it MUST update
      the content of received requests with the mapped port number and the
      address belonging to the external interface of the PCP Proxy (i.e.,
      after the NAT operation) and not as initially conveyed by the PCP
      Client. For the reverse path, PCP responses MUST be updated by the PCP
      Proxy to replace the internal port number to what has been initially
      positioned by the PCP Client. For this purpose the PCP Proxy MUST have
      an access to the local NAT state maintained locally.</t>

      <t>By default, the PCP Proxy MUST relay unknown OpCodes and
      mandatory-to-process unknown Options. Rejecting unknown Options and
      OpCodes has the drawback of preventing a PCP Client to make use of new
      capabilities offered by the PCP Server but not supported by the PCP
      Proxy even if no IP address and/or port is included in the
      Option/OpCode.</t>

      <t>Because PCP messages with an unknown OpCode or mandatory-to-process
      unknown Options can carry a hidden internal address or internal port
      which will not be translated, A PCP Proxy MUST be configurable to
      disable relaying unknown OpCodes and mandatory-to-process unknown
      Options. If the PCP Proxy is configured to disable relaying unknown
      OpCodes and mandatory-to-process unknown Options, the PCP Proxy MUST
      behave as follows:<list style="symbols">
          <t>a PCP Proxy co-located with a NAT MUST reject by an UNSUPP_OPCODE
          error response a received request with an unknown OpCode.</t>

          <t>a PCP Proxy co-located with a NAT MUST reject by an UNSUPP_OPTION
          error response a received request with a mandatory-to-process
          unknown Option.</t>
        </list></t>

      <t>When a PCP request is received and accepted by the PCP Proxy the
      corresponding mapping (explicit dynamic mapping for a MAP request,
      implicit dynamic mapping for a PEER request) is looked for in the local
      NAT state and temporary created if it does not exist. "Temporary" means
      it is deleted if no SUCCESS response is received, either explicitly or
      because of its short lifetime at creation.</t>

      <t>If the local NAT associates explicit dynamic mappings to a lifetime,
      the requested lifetime in MAP requests SHOULD be adjusted to be in the
      accepted range of the local NAT, and the assigned lifetime copied from
      MAP responses to the corresponding mapping in the local NAT. The same
      processing applies to implicit dynamic mappings and PEER
      requests/responses.</t>

      <t>Otherwise explicit dynamic mappings have an undefined lifetime in the
      local NAT and the PCP Proxy SHOULD maintain an explicit dynamic mapping
      table and SHOULD delete corresponding explicit dynamic mappings in the
      local NAT when they expire or are deleted by the MAP request with a zero
      requested lifetime.</t>
    </section>

    <section anchor="proxy" title="MAP/PEER Handling">
      <t>A simple PCP Proxy performs minimal modifications to PCP requests and
      responses, in particular it does not change the Nonce value in requests
      and the Epoch value in responses. A simple PCP Proxy is assumed to
      handle only one PCP Server.</t>

      <t>For handling THIRD_PARTY option, the PCP Proxy MUST follow the PCP
      Server behavior specified in Section 13.1 of <xref
      target="RFC6887"></xref>.</t>

      <t>The detailed behavior at the reception of a PCP request on an
      internal interface is as follows: <list style="symbols">
          <t>Check if the source IP address and the PCP Client IP Address are
          the same.</t>

          <t>Apply security controls (e.g., THIRD_PARTY filtering).</t>

          <t>If the request is rejected, build a synthetic error response and
          send it back to the PCP Client.</t>

          <t>If the request is accepted, adjust it (e.g., adding a THIRD_PARTY
          Option, updating the PCP Client IP Address and Internal Port to
          their translated values as specified in <xref
          target="embedded_NAT"></xref> and forward it on a fresh UDP socket
          connected to the PCP Server).</t>

          <t>Wait for the response during a reasonable delay.</t>

          <t>When the response is received from the PCP Server, adjust it back
          (e.g., removing the THIRD_PARTY Option added previously, updating
          the PCP Client IP Address and Internal Port to their initial values
          as specified in <xref target="embedded_NAT"></xref>), forward it to
          the source PCP Client and close the socket to the PCP Server.</t>

          <t>On a hard error on the UDP socket, build a synthetic ICMP error
          and send it to the source PCP Client.</t>
        </list></t>

      <t>The reasonable delay minimum value is 20 seconds, request
      retransmission is handled by PCP clients.</t>

      <t>For each pending request, the proxy MUST maintain in a data record:
      <list style="symbols">
          <t>the request payload</t>

          <t>the interface where the request was received</t>

          <t>the source IP address of the request</t>

          <t>the source UDP port of the request</t>

          <t>the UDP socket connected to the PCP server</t>

          <t>an expire timeout</t>
        </list></t>

      <t>Receiving interfaces can be implemented by a set of servicing
      sockets, each socket bound to an address of an internal interface.
      Interface, source address and port are used to send back packets to the
      source PCP Client. The request payload is used to generate synthetic
      ICMP. Responses are received on the UDP socket.</t>

      <t>Too large requests SHOULD be forwarded to the PCP Server in order to
      relay back the error response, i.e., the PCP Proxy is not in charge to
      enforce the message size limit and in general the PCP Proxy SHOULD NOT
      generate error response for a reason other than security controls. No
      behavior is specified in the case the PCP Proxy processing (e.g., adding
      a THIRD_PARTY Option) makes a valid request too large when it is sent to
      the PCP Server.</t>
    </section>

    <section title="Mapping Repair">
      <t>ANNOUNCE requests received from PCP Clients are handled locally; as
      such these requests MUST NOT be relayed to the provisioned PCP
      Server.</t>

      <t>Upon receipt of an unsolicited ANNOUNCE response from a PCP Server,
      the PCP Proxy proceeds to renewing the mappings and checks whether there
      are changes compared to a local cache if it is maintained by the PCP
      Proxy. If no change is detected, no unsolicited ANNOUNCE is generated
      towards PCP Clients. If a change is detected, the PCP Proxy MUST
      generate unsolicited ANNOUNCE message(s) to appropriate PCP Clients. If
      the PCP Proxy does not maintain a local cache for the mappings,
      unsolicited ANNOUNCE messages are relayed to PCP Clients.</t>

      <t>Unsolicited PCP MAP/PEER responses received from a PCP Server are
      handled as any normal MAP/PEER response. To handle unsolicited PCP
      MAP/PEER responses, the PCP Proxy is required to maintain a local cache
      of instantiated mappings in the PCP Server (<xref
      target="full"></xref>).</t>

      <t>Upon change of its external IP address, the PCP Proxy SHOULD renew
      the mappings it maintained. If the PCP Server assigns a different
      external port, the PCP Proxy SHOULD follow the mapping repair procedure
      defined in <xref target="RFC6887"></xref>. This can be achieved only if
      a full state table is maintained by the PCP Proxy.</t>
    </section>

    <section anchor="advanced" title="Advanced Functions">
      <t>Below are listed a set of advanced features which may be supported by
      the PCP Proxy.</t>

      <section title="Multiple PCP Servers">
        <t>A PCP Proxy MAY handle multiple PCP Servers at the same time, each
        PCP Server is associated to each own handled Epoch value according to
        <xref target="epoch_handling"></xref>. PCP Clients are not aware of
        the presence of multiple PCP Servers.</t>

        <t>According to <xref target="I-D.ietf-pcp-dhcp"></xref>, if several
        PCP Names are configured to the PCP Proxy, it will contact in parallel
        all these PCP Servers.</t>

        <t>In some contexts (e.g., PCP-controlled CGNs), the PCP Proxy MAY
        load balance the PCP Client among available PCP Servers. The PCP Proxy
        MUST ensure requests of a given PCP Client are relayed to the same PCP
        Server.</t>

        <t>In other deployment scenarios (e.g., presence of multiple
        PCP-controlled firewalls), the PCP Proxy MUST relay PCP requests to
        all these PCP Servers.</t>

        <t>The PCP Proxy MAY rely on some fields (e.g., Zone ID <xref
        target="I-D.penno-pcp-zones"></xref>) in the PCP request to redirect
        the request to a given PCP Server.</t>
      </section>

      <section anchor="epoch_handling" title="Epoch Handling">
        <t>A PCP Proxy MAY use its own internal timers and not blindly copy
        them from PCP responses. There should be no advantages to have more
        than one managed Epoch per PCP Server.</t>

        <t>The Epoch MUST be reset when explicit dynamic mappings are lost,
        i.e.: <list style="symbols">
            <t>at startup if the PCP Proxy can't recover the state.</t>

            <t>when the WAN address is changed or any similar events which
            show any previous state is no longer valid.</t>

            <t>when the Epoch value in a PCP response is too small (cf. Epoch
            value validation rules in <xref target="RFC6887"></xref>).</t>

            <t>when the External IP Address has changed.</t>
          </list>The last two rules are per PCP Server, a PCP Proxy MAY check
        these conditions in all received responses for a PCP Server.</t>
      </section>

      <section title="Request/Response Caching">
        <t>A PCP Proxy providing request/response caching checks each time it
        receives a PCP request if it has already seen the same request
        recently and got the corresponding PCP response. In this case, it
        sends back directly the cached response with the proper Epoch value
        and not forward the request to the PCP Server.</t>
      </section>

      <section title="Retransmission Handling">
        <t>An extension of the previous service is to manage the
        retransmission of pending requests to the PCP Server internally, i.e.,
        no longer driven by the PCP Client. A cache entry SHOULD be expired
        after a delay short enough to keep it easy to distinguish it from a
        replay.</t>
      </section>

      <section anchor="full" title="Full State">
        <t>A PCP Proxy MAY keep the full state, i.e., an image of all active
        explicit dynamic mappings is kept in memory. When this service is
        supported the state SHOULD be recovered in case of failures (e.g.,
        according to <xref target="I-D.boucadair-pcp-failure"></xref>).</t>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section anchor="IANA" title="IANA Considerations">
      <t>This document makes no request of IANA.</t>
    </section>

    <section anchor="Security" title="Security Considerations">
      <t>The PCP Proxy MUST follow the security considerations elaborated in
      <xref target="RFC6887"></xref> for both the client and server side.</t>

      <t>A received request carrying an unknown OpCode or Option SHOULD be
      dropped (or in the case of an unknown Option which is not
      mandatory-to-process the Option be removed) if it is not a priori
      compatible with security controls or correct processing.</t>

      <t>The device embedding the PCP Proxy MAY block PCP requests directly
      sent to the PCP Server. This can be enforced using access control lists
      (ACLs).</t>
    </section>

    <section anchor="Acknowledgements" title="Acknowledgements">
      <t>Many thanks to C. Zhou and T. Reddy for their review and
      comments.</t>

      <t>Special thanks to F. Dupont who contributed to this document.</t>
    </section>
  </middle>

  <back>
    <references title="Normative References">
      <?rfc include="reference.RFC.2119"?>

      <?rfc include="reference.RFC.6887"?>
    </references>

    <references title="Informative References">
      <?rfc include="reference.I-D.ietf-pcp-upnp-igd-interworking"?>

      <?rfc include="reference.I-D.ietf-pcp-dhcp"?>

      <?rfc include="reference.I-D.boucadair-pcp-failure"?>

      <?rfc include="reference.I-D.bpw-pcp-nat-pmp-interworking"?>

      <?rfc include='reference.I-D.penno-pcp-zones'?>
    </references>
  </back>
</rfc>

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