One document matched: draft-ietf-magma-msnip-02.ps
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/F0 10/Courier-Bold@0 SF(Internet Engineering Task Force)72 85 Q
(MAGMA WG)198 E 246(INTERNET-DRAFT Bill)72 98 R(Fenner/AT&T)6 E 72
(draft-ietf-magma-msnip-02.ps Brian)72 111 R(Haberman/Caspian Networks)6
E(Hugh Holbrook/Cisco)390 124 Q(Isidor Kouvelas/Cisco)378 137 Q 6(1M)432
150 S(arch 2003)-6 E(Expires: September 2003)366 163 Q/F1 14
/Times-Bold@0 SF(Multicast Sour)112.244 188 Q
(ce Noti\214cation of Inter)-.252 E(est Pr)-.252 E(otocol \(MSNIP\))
-.252 E/F2 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(Status of this Document)72 233 Q/F3 11
/Times-Roman@0 SF(This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full con\
formance with all pro)72 249.6 Q(visions of Section 10 of)-.165 E
(RFC2026.)72 262.6 Q(Internet-Drafts are w)72 288.6 Q
(orking documents of the Internet Engineering T)-.11 E(ask F)-.88 E
(orce \(IETF\), its areas,)-.165 E(and its w)72 301.6 Q(orking groups.)
-.11 E(Note that other groups may also distrib)5.5 E(ute w)-.22 E
(orking documents as)-.11 E(Internet-Drafts.)72 314.6 Q
(Internet-Drafts are draft documents v)72 340.6 Q
(alid for a maximum of six months and may be updated,)-.275 E
(replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at an)72 353.6 Q 2.75(yt)
-.165 G 2.75(ime. It)-2.75 F(is inappropriate to use Internet- Drafts)
2.75 E(as reference material or to cite them other than as "w)72 366.6 Q
(ork in progress.")-.11 E
(The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www)72
392.6 Q(.ietf.or)-.715 E(g/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt)-.198 E
(The list of Internet-Draft Shado)72 418.6 Q 2.75(wD)-.275 G
(irectories can be accessed at http://www)-2.75 E(.ietf.or)-.715 E
(g/shado)-.198 E -.715(w.)-.275 G(html.).715 E
(This document is a product of the IETF MA)72 444.6 Q(GMA WG.)-.44 E
(Comments should be addressed to the)5.5 E(authors, or the WG')72 457.6
Q 2.75(sm)-.605 G(ailing list at magma@ietf.or)-2.75 E(g.)-.198 E F2
(Abstract)267.534 476.6 Q F3(This document discusses the Multicast Sour\
ce Interest Noti\214cation Protocol \(MSNIP\).)97 499.2 Q(MSNIP is an e)
97 512.2 Q(xtension to IGMPv3 and MLDv2 that pro)-.165 E
(vides membership noti\214cation)-.165 E
(services for sources of multicast traf)97 525.2 Q(\214c.)-.275 E
(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 223.759(elas [P)-.165 F
(age 1])-.165 E EP
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(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E/F1 13/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.196
(Ta)239.126 85 S(ble of Contents)1.196 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(1. Introduction)97 123 Q F0 11(......................)3.56 G F2(3)11.5
E(2. Routing Protocol Support)97 135 Q F0 11(..................)5.21 G
F2(3)11.5 E(3. Service Interf)97 147 Q
(ace for Requesting Membership Noti\214cation)-.1 E F0 11(........)12.59
G F2(3)11.5 E(3.1. Application Operation)107 159 Q F0 11
(..................).79 G F2(4)11.5 E(4. MSNIP Managed Address Range Ne)
97 171 Q(gotiation)-.15 E F0 11(............)7.34 G F2(5)11.5 E
(4.1. Router Coordination)107 183 Q F0 11(..................)8 G F2(5)
11.5 E(4.1.1. MSNIP Operation Option)117 195 Q F0 11(...............)
10.92 G F2(5)11.5 E(4.1.2. SSM Range Option)117 207 Q F0 11
(.................)8.41 G F2(6)11.5 E
(4.2. Communicating Range to Source Systems)107 219 Q F0 11
(............)4.11 G F2(6)11.5 E(5. Requesting and Recei)97 231 Q
(ving Noti\214cations)-.25 E F0 11(..............)4.09 G F2(7)11.5 E
(5.1. Host Interest Solicitation)107 243 Q F0 11(.................)4.25
G F2(7)11.5 E(5.2. Router Recei)107 255 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rM).15 G
(embership Reports)-2.5 E F0 11(.............)7.73 G F2(8)11.5 E
(6. Application Noti\214cation)97 267 Q F0 11(..................)10.5 G
F2(8)11.5 E(7. Router Processing)97 279 Q F0 11(....................)
7.45 G F2(10)6.5 E(8. Message F)97 291 Q(ormats)-.15 E F0 11
(....................)10.38 G F2(12)6.5 E
(8.1. Host Interest Solicitation P)107 303 Q(ack)-.15 E(et)-.1 E F0 11
(...............)2.84 G F2(12)6.5 E(8.2. Recei)107 315 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(rM).15 G(embership Report P)-2.5 E(ack)-.15 E(et)-.1 E F0 11
(.............)12.43 G F2(13)6.5 E(8.3. IPv4 Header Fields)107 327 Q F0
11(..................)13.29 G F2(14)6.5 E(8.4. IPv6 Header Fields)107
339 Q F0 11(..................)13.29 G F2(14)6.5 E(9. Constants T)97 351
Q(imers and Def)-.35 E(ault V)-.1 E(alues)-1.11 E F0 11(...............)
.83 G F2(14)6.5 E(10. Possible Optimisations)97 363 Q F0 11
(..................)11.04 G F2(15)6.5 E(10.1. Suppressing HIS Messages)
107 375 Q F0 11(................)4.12 G F2(15)6.5 E
(10.2. Host Stack Filtering)107 387 Q F0 11(..................)4.94 G F2
(15)6.5 E(10.3. Responding to Une)107 399 Q(xpected IGMP Queries)-.15 E
F0 11(...........)12.48 G F2(15)6.5 E(10.4. Host and Router Startup)107
411 Q F0 11(.................)2.31 G F2(16)6.5 E(11. Inter)97 423 Q
(-operation with IGMP / MLD Proxying)-.2 E F0 11(............)8.77 G F2
(16)6.5 E(12. Security Considerations)97 435 Q F0 11(..................)
7.17 G F2(17)6.5 E(12.1. Recei)107 447 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rM).15 G
(embership Report attacks)-2.5 E F0 11(.............)6.07 G F2(17)6.5 E
(12.2. Host Interest Solicitation attacks)107 459 Q F0 11
(..............)10.23 G F2(17)6.5 E(12.3. MSNIP Managed Range Disco)107
471 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15 E F0 11(.............)12.63 G F2(18)6.5 E
(13. IAN)97 483 Q 2.5(AC)-.35 G(onsiderations)-2.5 E F0 11
(...................)2.11 G F2(18)6.5 E(14. Ackno)97 495 Q(wledgments)
-.25 E F0 11(....................).76 G F2(18)6.5 E
(15. Authors' Addresses)97 507 Q F0 11(...................)10.1 G F2(18)
6.5 E(16. Normati)97 519 Q .3 -.15(ve R)-.25 H(eferences).15 E F0 11
(..................)13.71 G F2(19)6.5 E(17. Informati)97 531 Q .3 -.15
(ve R)-.25 H(eferences).15 E F0 11(..................)9.27 G F2(19)6.5 E
F0(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 223.759(elas [P)-.165
F(age 2])-.165 E EP
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(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(1.)72
85 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Intr)5.5 E(oduction)-.252 E F0(The Multicast\
Source Noti\214cation of Interest Protocol \(MSNIP\) is an e)97 101.6 Q
(xtension to v)-.165 E(ersion 3)-.165 E
(of the Internet Group Membership Protocol \(IGMPv3 [1] \) and v)72
114.6 Q(ersion 2 of the Multicast Listener)-.165 E(Disco)72 127.6 Q
-.165(ve)-.165 G(ry Protocol \(MLDv2 [2] \). MSNIP operates between mul\
ticast sources and their \214rst-hop).165 E(routers to pro)72 140.6 Q
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(rs to the source systems. Using the).165 E(services of)72 153.6 Q(fere\
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(ws. If the source were to continuously transmit)-.275 E
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.33 -.165(ve r)-.22 H(ecei).165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs, signi\214cant resources w).165 E(ould be w)-.11 E(asted)-.11 E(in \
the system itself as well as the \214rst-hop link. Using a higher le)72
248.2 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(lc).165 G(ontrol protocol to determine)
-2.75 E(the e)72 261.2 Q(xistence of recei)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
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E .33 -.165(ve s)-.275 H(ession.).165 E
(Information on which multicast destination addresses ha)97 290.8 Q .33
-.165(ve r)-.22 H(ecei).165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs for a particular sender).165 E(is typically a)72 303.8 Q -.275(va)
-.22 G(ilable to the multicast routing protocol on the \214rst hop rout\
er for a source. MSNIP).275 E(uses this information to notify the appli\
cation in the sending system of when it should start or)72 316.8 Q
(stop transmitting. This is achie)72 329.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(dw)
.165 G(ithout an)-2.75 E 2.75(yd)-.165 G
(estination address speci\214c state on the \214rst-hop)-2.75 E
(router for potential sources without recei)72 342.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs.).165 E F1(2.)72 381.8 Q F2(Routing Pr)5.5 E(otocol Support)-.252 E
F0 -.165(Fo)97 398.4 S 2.75(rr).165 G(easons described in this section,\
MSNIP only supports transmission control for)-2.75 E(applications that\
use multicast destination addresses that are routed using Source Speci\
\214c)72 411.4 Q(Multicast \(SSM\).)72 424.4 Q(Man)97 441 Q 2.75(yc)
-.165 G(urrently deplo)-2.75 E
(yed multicast routing protocols, require data from an acti)-.11 E .33
-.165(ve s)-.275 H(ource to).165 E(be propag)72 454 Q
(ated past the \214rst-hop router before information on the e)-.055 E
(xistence of recei)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs becomes).165 E -.22(av)72
467 S(ailable on the \214rst-hop. In addition, such protocols require t\
hat this acti)-.055 E(vity is repeated)-.275 E
(periodically to maintain source li)72 480 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G
(ness state on remote routers. All dense-mode protocols f).165 E(all)
-.11 E(under this cate)72 493 Q(gory as well as sparse-mode protocols t\
hat use shared trees for source disco)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.165 G(ry).165 E
(\(such as PIM-SM [9] \). In order to pro)72 506 Q(vide recei)-.165 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ri).165 G
(nterest noti\214cation for such protocols, the)-2.75 E(def)72 519 Q
(ault mode of operation w)-.11 E
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-.11 E(potential destination addresses and the \214rst-hop routers prun\
e the traf)72 532 Q(\214c back. Such a \215ood-and-)-.275 E(prune beha)
72 545 Q(viour on the \214rst-hop link signi\214cantly diminishes the b\
ene\214ts of managing source)-.22 E(transmission.)72 558 Q(In contrast,\
with source-speci\214c sparse-mode protocols such as PIM-SSM [9] a)97
574.6 Q -.275(va)-.22 G(ilability of).275 E(recei)72 587.6 Q -.165(ve)
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600.6 Q(xternal mechanism for source disco)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.165 G
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(membership reports\) to b)72 613.6 Q
(uild source-speci\214c multicast trees.)-.22 E(Clearly these tw)97
630.2 Q 2.75(oc)-.11 G(lasses of routing protocols require dif)-2.75 E
(ferent handling for the problem)-.275 E(MSNIP is trying to solv)72
643.2 Q(e. In addition the second type co)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.165 G
(rs the majority of applications that).165 E(MSNIP is tar)72 656.2 Q
(geted at. MSNIP a)-.198 E -.22(vo)-.22 G(ids the e).22 E
(xtra complication in supporting routing protocols that)-.165 E
(require a \215ood and prune beha)72 669.2 Q(viour)-.22 E(.)-.605 E F1
(3.)72 695.2 Q F2(Ser)5.5 E(vice Interface f)-.14 E
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(Applications within an IP system that wish to source multicast pack)97
711.8 Q(ets and are interested in)-.11 E(being noti\214ed on the e)72
724.8 Q(xistence of recei)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs must re).165 E
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(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 174.259(elas Section)
-.165 F 2.75(3. [P)2.75 F(age 3])-.165 E EP
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system, there is \(at least conceptually\) a service interf)72 85 Q
(ace that can be)-.11 E(used to re)72 98 Q
(gister with the IP layer for such noti\214cations.)-.165 E
(Dual stack systems supporting both IPv4)5.5 E(and IPv6 need to pro)72
111 Q(vide separate service interf)-.165 E(aces for each protocol.)-.11
E 2.75(As)97 140.6 S(ystem')-2.75 E 2.75(sI)-.605 G
(Pv4 or IPv6 service interf)-2.75 E(ace must support the follo)-.11 E
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i\214c parameter used to distinguish amongst dif)97 316.8 Q
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(entities \(e.g., programs or processes\) within the system; the sock)97
329.8 Q(et parameter of BSD Unix)-.11 E(system calls is a speci\214c e)
97 342.8 Q(xample.)-.165 E F1(sour)72 359.4 Q(ce-addr)-.198 E(ess)-.198
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e in transmitting data to the)97 372.4 Q(speci\214ed multicast address.\
The speci\214ed address must be one of the IP addresses)97 385.4 Q
(associated with the netw)97 398.4 Q(ork interf)-.11 E
(aces of the IP system. Note that an interf)-.11 E(ace in an IP)-.11 E
(system may be associated with more than one IP addresses.)97 411.4 Q
(An implementation may allo)5.5 E(w)-.275 E 2.75(as)97 424.4 S
(pecial "unspeci\214ed" v)-2.75 E
(alue to be passed as the source-address parameter)-.275 E 2.75(,i)-.44
G 2.75(nw)-2.75 G(hich case the)-2.75 E(request w)97 437.4 Q
(ould apply to the "primary" IP address of the "primary" or "def)-.11 E
(ault" interf)-.11 E(ace of)-.11 E(the system \(perhaps established by \
system con\214guration\). If transmission to the same)97 450.4 Q
(multicast address is desired using more than one source IP address,)97
463.4 Q(IPMulticastSourceRe)97 476.4 Q(gister must be in)-.165 E -.22
(vo)-.44 G -.11(ke).22 G 2.75(ds).11 G
(eparately for each desired source address.)-2.75 E F1(multicast-addr)72
493 Q(ess)-.198 E F0
(is the IP multicast destination address to which the request pertains.)
97 506 Q(If the application)5.5 E
(wishes to transmit data to more than one multicast addresses for a gi)
97 519 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ns).165 G(ource address,)-2.75 E
(IPMulticastSourceRe)97 532 Q(gister must be in)-.165 E -.22(vo)-.44 G
-.11(ke).22 G 2.75(ds).11 G
(eparately for each desired multicast address.)-2.75 E F1(3.1.)72 571 Q
/F2 13/Times-Bold@0 SF -.325(Ap)5.5 G(plication Operation).325 E F0(App\
lications wishing to use MSNIP to control their multicast data transmis\
sion to)97 587.6 Q(destination G from source address S operate as follo)
72 600.6 Q(ws.)-.275 E
(Initially the application contacts the IP system to obtain the sock)97
617.2 Q(et handle for use on all)-.11 E
(subsequent interactions. The application in)72 630.2 Q -.22(vo)-.44 G
-.11(ke).22 G 2.75(sI).11 G(PMulticastSourceRe)-2.75 E
(gister for the desired S and)-.165 E 2.75(Ga)72 643.2 S(nd then w)-2.75
E(aits without transmitting an)-.11 E 2.75(yp)-.165 G(ack)-2.75 E
(ets for the IP system to notify that recei)-.11 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs for the).165 E(session e)72 656.2 Q(xist.)-.165 E
(If and when the IP system noti\214es the application that recei)97
672.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs e).165 E(xist using the)-.165 E(IPMulticast\
SourceStart call, the application may start transmitting data. After th\
e application has)72 685.8 Q(been noti\214ed to send, if all recei)72
698.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs for the session lea).165 E -.165(ve)-.22 G
2.75(,t).165 G(he IP system will notify the)-2.75 E(application using t\
he IPMulticastSourceStop call. At this point the application should sto\
p)72 711.8 Q(transmitting data until it is noti\214ed ag)72 724.8 Q
(ain that recei)-.055 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs ha).165 E .33 -.165(ve j)
-.22 H(oined through another).165 E(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q
(ouv)-.385 E 166.009(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(3.1. [P)2.75 F(age 4])
-.165 E EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 65.168(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E
(IPMulticastSourceStart call.)72 85 Q
(When the application no longer wishes to transmit data it should in)97
101.6 Q -.22(vo)-.44 G .22 -.11(ke t).22 H(he).11 E
(IPMulticastsSourceDere)72 114.6 Q(gister call to let the IP system kno)
-.165 E 2.75(wt)-.275 G(hat it is no longer interested in)-2.75 E(noti\
\214cations for this source and destination. The IPMulticastsSourceDere)
72 127.6 Q(gister call should be)-.165 E(implicit in the teardo)72 140.6
Q(wn of the associated sock)-.275 E(et state.)-.11 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0
SF(4.)72 179.6 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(MSNIP Managed Addr)5.5 E
(ess Range Negotiation)-.252 E F0 -.44(Wi)97 196.2 S
(th current multicast deplo).44 E(yment in the Internet, dif)-.11 E
(ferent multicast routing protocols)-.275 E(coe)72 209.2 Q(xist and ope\
rate under separate parts of the multicast address space. Multicast rou\
ters are)-.165 E(consistently con\214gured with information that maps s\
peci\214c multicast address ranges to multicast)72 222.2 Q
(routing protocols. P)72 235.2 Q(art of this con\214guration describes \
the subset of the address space that is used)-.165 E(by source-speci\
\214c multicast \(SSM\) [10]. As described in section 2 MSNIP only trie\
s to control)72 248.2 Q
(application transmission within the SSM address range.)72 261.2 Q(It i\
s desirable for applications within an IP system that supports MSNIP to\
ha)97 277.8 Q .33 -.165(ve a c)-.22 H(onsistent).165 E(service interf)
72 290.8 Q(ace for multicast transmission that does require the applica\
tion to be a)-.11 E -.11(wa)-.165 G(re of the).11 E
(SSM address range. MSNIP supports this by allo)72 303.8 Q
(wing applications to use the service interf)-.275 E(ace)-.11 E(describ\
ed in section 3 for multicast destination addresses that are outside it\
s operating range.)72 316.8 Q(When an application re)72 329.8 Q(gisters\
for noti\214cations for a destination address that is not managed by)
-.165 E
(MSNIP it is immediately noti\214ed to start transmitting. This is equi)
72 342.8 Q -.275(va)-.275 G(lent to the def).275 E(ault beha)-.11 E
(viour)-.22 E(of IP multicast without MSNIP support which forces multic\
ast applications to assume that there)72 355.8 Q(are multicast recei)72
368.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs present in the netw).165 E(ork.)-.11 E F1
(4.1.)72 407.8 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0 SF(Router Coordination)5.5 E F0(In \
order for MSNIP to operate on a shared link where more than one multica\
st routers may)97 424.4 Q
(be present all multicast routers must be MSNIP capable and ha)72 437.4
Q .33 -.165(ve a c)-.22 H(onsistent con\214guration for).165 E
(the SSM address range.)72 450.4 Q
(MSNIP enforces these requirements by using tw)5.5 E 2.75(on)-.11 G .55
-.275(ew o)-2.75 H(ptions for IPv4).275 E(in the Multicast Router Disco)
72 463.4 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G(ry protocol [3] and one ne).165 E 2.75(wo)
-.275 G(ption for IPv6 in Neighbor)-2.75 E(Disco)72 476.4 Q -.165(ve)
-.165 G(ry / ICMPv6 protocol.).165 E F1 2.75(4.1.1. MSNIP)72 515.4 R
(Operation Option)2.75 E F0 2.75(Am)97 532 S(ulticast router adv)-2.75 E
(ertises that it is participating in MSNIP using the MSNIP Operation)
-.165 E(option in either the Multicast Router Disco)72 545 Q -.165(ve)
-.165 G(ry protocol for IPv4 or the Neighbor Disco).165 E -.165(ve)-.165
G(ry /).165 E(ICMPv6 protocol for IPv6. This option MUST be included in\
all router adv)72 558 Q(ertisement messages)-.165 E
(of a router that is con\214gured for MSNIP)72 571 Q 2.75(.T)-1.221 G
(he format of the option is as follo)-2.75 E(ws:)-.275 E/F4 11/Courier@0
SF 125.4(0123)78.6 590 S 6.6(01234567890123456789012345678901)78.6 603 S
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
616 Q 33(|T)72 629 S 33(ype |)-33 F 13.2(Length=0 |)26.4 F
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72 642 Q F1 -.814(Ty)72 677.6 S(pe)
.814 E F0(The type \214eld is set to WW \(TBD by IAN)97 690.6 Q
(A\) for IPv4 and ZZ \(TBD by IAN)-.385 E(A\) for IPv6.)-.385 E 2.75(Am)
97 707.2 S(ulticast router uses recei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(dM)
.165 G(ulticast Router Adv)-2.75 E(ertisement and Neighbor Disco)-.165 E
-.165(ve)-.165 G(ry /).165 E(ICMPv6 messages to determine if all li)72
720.2 Q .33 -.165(ve n)-.275 H
(eighbour multicast routers on each interf).165 E(ace are)-.11 E
(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 157.759(elas Section)
-.165 F 2.75(4.1.1. [P)2.75 F(age 5])-.165 E EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 65.168(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E(participating in MSNIP)72 85
Q 2.75(.W)-1.221 G(hen a router adv)-2.75 E
(ertisement message not containing an MSNIP option is)-.165 E(recei)72
98 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(db).165 G 2.75(yar)-2.75 G
(outer participating in MSNIP)-2.75 E 2.75(,am)-1.221 G
(iss-con\214guration SHOULD be logged to the)-2.75 E
(operator in a rate-limited manner)72 111 Q(.)-.605 E(If e)72 137 Q
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(no).165 G
(ne multicast router on a link does not ha)-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve M)-.22 H
(SNIP capability then ALL routers on that).165 E
(link MUST be con\214gured to not pro)72 150 Q
(vide MSNIP services and to not adv)-.165 E(ertise the MSNIP)-.165 E
(Operation option.)72 163 Q/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.75(4.1.2. SSM)72 202
R(Range Option)2.75 E F0(The SSM Range Multicast Router Disco)97 218.6 Q
-.165(ve)-.165 G 2.75(ro).165 G(ption adv)-2.75 E
(ertises the SSM Range with which)-.165 E(the router is con\214gured. T\
he option is de\214ned in [4]. This option is only v)72 231.6 Q
(alid in IPv4. SSM)-.275 E(support in IPv6 does not allo)72 244.6 Q 2.75
(wf)-.275 G(or alternati)-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve S)-.275 H
(SM address ranges.).165 E F1(4.2.)72 283.6 Q/F2 13/Times-Bold@0 SF
(Communicating Range to Sour)5.5 E(ce Systems)-.234 E F0
(When an application in an IP system uses the MSNIP service interf)97
300.2 Q(ace to re)-.11 E(gister for)-.165 E
(noti\214cation, the IP system must beha)72 313.2 Q .33 -.165(ve d)-.22
H(if).165 E(ferently depending on whether or not the destination)-.275 E
(address for which the application re)72 326.2 Q
(gistered is operating under SSM \(and is being managed by)-.165 E
(MSNIP\). F)72 339.2 Q(or SSM channels, the IP system should only instr\
uct the application to transmit when)-.165 E(there are recei)72 352.2 Q
-.165(ve)-.275 G(rs for the multicast destination. F).165 E
(or non-SSM destination addresses the IP system)-.165 E
(will not be able to determine if there are recei)72 365.2 Q -.165(ve)
-.275 G(rs and should immediately instruct the application).165 E
(to transmit.)72 378.2 Q(The MSNIP managed range disco)97 407.8 Q -.165
(ve)-.165 G(ry mechanism in a source IP system has to deal with).165 E
(three dif)72 420.8 Q(ferent link con\214gurations:)-.275 E 7.15<8341>72
437.4 S(link connected to a multicast routed infrastructure where the \
\214rst-hop multicast routers are)-4.4 E
(con\214gured for MSNIP operation.)83 450.4 Q 7.15<8341>72 467 S(link c\
onnected to a multicast routed infrastructure where the \214rst-hop mul\
ticast routers are)-4.4 E(not participating in MSNIP)83 480 Q(.)-1.221 E
7.15<8341>72 496.6 S(link with no multicast routers.)-4.4 E 1.76 -.88
(To b)97 526.2 T 2.75(ea).88 G(ble to dif)-2.75 E
(ferentiate between the three cases and in each case disco)-.275 E -.165
(ve)-.165 G 2.75(rt).165 G(he MSNIP)-2.75 E(managed range an MSNIP capa\
ble source IP system must process IGMP Queries as well as)72 539.2 Q
(Multicast Router Disco)72 552.2 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G(ry Adv).165 E
(ertisement messages. The presence of an IGMP querier)-.165 E(dif)72
565.2 Q(ferentiates between the \214rst tw)-.275 E 2.75(oc)-.11 G
(ases, where the host is in a multicast routed netw)-2.75 E
(ork, and the)-.11 E(third, where there is no multicast routing.)72
578.2 Q(Multicast Router Disco)97 594.8 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G(ry Adv).165 E
(ertisements pro)-.165 E(vide the dif)-.165 E
(ferentiation between the \214rst tw)-.275 E(o)-.11 E
(cases. If the MRD Adv)72 607.8 Q
(ertisements contain the MSNIP Operation option then the IP system kno)
-.165 E(ws)-.275 E(that routers on that interf)72 620.8 Q
(ace are con\214gured for MSNIP operation.)-.11 E(In each of the three \
cases the MSNIP managed range is de\214ned as follo)97 637.4 Q(ws:)-.275
E F1(MSNIP capable multicast r)72 654 Q(outers:)-.198 E F0
(The IP system should use as the MSNIP range the SSM range pro)97 667 Q
(vided by the last SSM)-.165 E(Range option [4] recei)97 680 Q -.165(ve)
-.275 G 2.75(di).165 G 2.75(naM)-2.75 G(ulticast Router Disco)-2.75 E
-.165(ve)-.165 G(ry message.).165 E F1(Multicast r)72 696.6 Q
(outers not participating in MSNIP:)-.198 E F0
(The IP system should use an empty MSNIP managed range. This pro)97
709.6 Q(vides a compatibility)-.165 E(mode where all group ranges def)97
722.6 Q(ault to \215ooding.)-.11 E(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q
(ouv)-.385 E 166.009(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(4.2. [P)2.75 F(age 6])
-.165 E EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 65.168(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF
(Link without multicast r)72 85 Q(outing:)-.198 E F0 1.76 -.88(To e)97
98 T(nsure backw).88 E(ards compatibility with e)-.11 E(xisting recei)
-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs, MSNIP does not try to control).165 E(traf)
97 111 Q(\214c on a router)-.275 E(-less link. It does so by de\214ning\
the MSNIP managed range to be empty)-.22 E(.)-.715 E(Although it w)97
124 Q(ould be possible to control multicast transmission on a shared li\
nk not)-.11 E
(connected to a multicast routed infrastructure, MSNIP operation w)97
137 Q(ould require that)-.11 E(recei)97 150 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs were capable of acti).165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(ly participating in the protocol.).165 E(Source control w)5.5 E(ould w)
-.11 E(ork)-.11 E(by de\214ning an address range within which sources w)
97 163 Q(ould not transmit until directly)-.11 E(contacted by a recei)97
176 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(r\().165 G(for e)-2.75 E(xample the def)
-.165 E(ault IPv4 SSM range of 232/8 [6]\). The)-.11 E(dra)97 189 Q
(wback w)-.165 E(ould be that a non MSNIP capable recei)-.11 E -.165(ve)
-.275 G 2.75(rj).165 G(oining a group through IGMP)-2.75 E -.11(wo)97
202 S(uld ha).11 E .33 -.165(ve n)-.22 H 2.75(ow).165 G(ay of getting t\
he source to transmit. Relying on triggered IGMP messages)-2.86 E
(from le)97 215 Q -.055(ga)-.165 G .33 -.165(cy r).055 H(ecei).165 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(rs to control transmission w).165 E(ould not be rob)
-.11 E(ust either)-.22 E(.)-.605 E F1(5.)72 254 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF
(Requesting and Recei)5.5 E(ving Noti\214cations)-.14 E F0(Lik)97 270.6
Q 2.75(eI)-.11 G(GMP)-2.75 E 2.75(,M)-1.221 G
(SNIP is an asymmetric protocol specifying dif)-2.75 E(ferent beha)-.275
E(viour for systems)-.22 E(wishing to source traf)72 283.6 Q(\214c and \
for multicast routers. Host IP systems multicast Host Interest)-.275 E
(Solicitation messages to re)72 296.6 Q(gister for noti\214cation with \
their \214rst-hop routers. Routers unicast)-.165 E(Router Recei)72 309.6
Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Reports to IP systems to notify them of the arri)-2.75 E
-.275(va)-.275 G 2.75(lo).275 G 2.75(ft)-2.75 G(he \214rst or)-2.75 E
(departure of the last recei)72 322.6 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs for a session. Note that a system may perform at the same time both)
.165 E(of the abo)72 335.6 Q .33 -.165(ve f)-.165 H(unctions. An e).165
E(xample is a router that wishes to source traf)-.165 E(\214c.)-.275 E
F1(5.1.)72 374.6 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0 SF(Host Inter)5.5 E
(est Solicitation)-.234 E F0(Source systems that wish to be managed by \
MSNIP periodically transmit an Interest)97 391.2 Q(Solicitation message\
. This message is multicast with a multicast destination address of)72
404.2 Q(ALL_IGMPv3_R)72 417.2 Q(OUTERS \(224.0.0.22\) or ALL_MLDv2_R)
-.44 E(OUTERS \(TB)-.44 E(A\) and is transmitted)-.385 E -2.365 -.275
(ev e)72 430.2 T(ry [Interest Solicitation Interv).275 E
(al] seconds. The Interest Solicitation message contains a)-.275 E(hold\
time which is set to [Interest Solicitation Holdtime] and instructs the\
multicast \214rst-hop)72 443.2 Q(routers to maintain MSNIP state for t\
his IP system for the speci\214ed period. A generation ID is)72 456.2 Q
(also included in the Interest Solicitation message to pro)72 469.2 Q
(vide support for routers to detect IP)-.165 E
(system restarts \(see section 8.1\). Systems with multiple interf)72
482.2 Q(aces or multiple IP addresses per)-.11 E(interf)72 495.2 Q(ace \
must originate separate Host Interest Solicitation messages from each o\
f their IP)-.11 E(addresses that the)72 508.2 Q 2.75(yw)-.165 G
(ish to ha)-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve m)-.22 H(anaged by MSNIP).165 E 2.75(.I)
-1.221 G 2.75(np)-2.75 G(ractice a system with more than one IP)-2.75 E
(address is treated by MSNIP as multiple IP systems.)72 521.2 Q
(When an IP system \214rst comes up it transmits [Rob)97 537.8 Q
(ustness V)-.22 E(ariable] Interest Solicitation)-1.221 E
(messages spaced by [Initial Interest Solicitation Interv)72 550.8 Q
(al] seconds.)-.275 E(All MSNIP capable routers that recei)97 567.4 Q
.33 -.165(ve a)-.275 H 2.75(nI).165 G
(nterest Solicitation message from an IP system,)-2.75 E
(maintain a system interest record of the form:)72 580.4 Q
(\(IP system address, holdtime timer\))99.5 606.4 Q
(Each time an Interest Solicitation message is recei)72 632.4 Q -.165
(ve)-.275 G 2.75(df).165 G(rom the IP system, the holdtime timer is)
-2.75 E(reset to the holdtime in the recei)72 645.4 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G
2.75(dm).165 G 2.75(essage. In)-2.75 F
(addition the router may respond to the)2.75 E
(solicitation message with a Recei)72 658.4 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM)
.165 G(embership Report message described in section 5.2. The)-2.75 E(m\
essage contains a TRANSMIT record for each of the multicast destination\
addresses within the)72 671.4 Q(MSNIP managed range for which the rout\
ing protocol indicates there are recei)72 684.4 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs for this source).165 E(system.)72 697.4 Q
(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 166.009(elas Section)
-.165 F 2.75(5.1. [P)2.75 F(age 7])-.165 E EP
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(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E
(The holdtime timer of a record counts do)97 85 Q
(wn to zero. When the holdtime timer of a speci\214c)-.275 E
(system interest record e)72 98 Q(xpires, the record is deleted.)-.165 E
/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(5.2.)72 137 Q/F2 13/Times-Bold@0 SF(Router Recei)
5.5 E -.13(ve)-.13 G 3.25(rM).13 G(embership Reports)-3.25 E F0(Recei)97
153.6 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report messages are used by routers to communicate the recei)
-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(r).165 E(membership status of particular multi\
cast destination addresses to a speci\214c IP system. Each)72 166.6 Q(m\
essage contains a list of transmission control records of either TRANSM\
IT or HOLD type that)72 179.6 Q(instruct a system to respecti)72 192.6 Q
-.165(ve)-.275 G(ly start or stop sending traf).165 E
(\214c on this link to the speci\214ed multicast)-.275 E
(destination address.)72 205.6 Q(Recei)5.5 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM)
.165 G(embership Report messages are unicast to the tar)-2.75 E
(get system.)-.198 E(In addition to reports sent in response to Interes\
t Solicitation messages, routers send)97 222.2 Q(unsolicited Recei)72
235.2 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Reports to IP systems when the recei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
2.75(rm).165 G(embership status)-2.75 E(reported by the multicast routi\
ng protocol changes for a speci\214c source and multicast destination.)
72 248.2 Q(Such reports are only sent if the destination address is man\
aged by MSNIP and the router has a)72 261.2 Q
(system interest record created by a pre)72 274.2 Q(viously recei)-.275
E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(dI).165 G
(nterest Solicitation message with an IP)-2.75 E(system address equal t\
o the source address. If the source destination pair satisfy these cond\
itions)72 287.2 Q(then [Rob)72 300.2 Q(ustness V)-.22 E(ariable] Recei)
-1.221 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Reports are sent out spaced by [Unsolicited)-2.75 E
(Membership Report Interv)72 313.2 Q(al] seconds.)-.275 E
(If the membership status changes ag)5.5 E(ain for the same)-.055 E
(destination address and source system while transmission of Recei)72
326.2 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G(embership Reports is still)-2.75
E(pending then the pending report messages are canceled and a ne)72
339.2 Q 2.75(ws)-.275 G(et of [Rob)-2.75 E(ustness V)-.22 E(ariable])
-1.221 E(messages indicating the ne)72 352.2 Q 2.75(ws)-.275 G
(tate are scheduled.)-2.75 E(When an IP system recei)97 368.8 Q -.165
(ve)-.275 G 2.75(saR).165 G(ecei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report message, for each of the)-2.75 E(TRANSMIT records lis\
ted in the message it creates or updates a transmission record of the f\
orm:)72 381.8 Q
(\(router address, source address, multicast address, holdtime timer\))
99.5 407.8 Q(The router address is obtained from the source address on \
the IP header of the recei)72 433.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(dm).165 G
(essage.)-2.75 E(The source address is obtained from the destination ad\
dress in the of the IP header)72 446.8 Q 2.75(.T)-.605 G(he holdtime)
-2.75 E(timer is set to the v)72 459.8 Q
(alue of the holdtime \214eld in the recei)-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75
(dR).165 G(ecei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report)-2.75 E(message.)72 472.8 Q -.165(Fo)97 489.4 S 2.75
(re).165 G(ach HOLD record present in the message, the system deletes t\
he matching pre)-2.75 E(viously)-.275 E
(created transmission record from its state.)72 502.4 Q
(The holdtime timer of a record counts do)97 519 Q
(wn to zero. When the holdtime timer of a speci\214c)-.275 E
(transmission record e)72 532 Q(xpires, the record is deleted.)-.165 E(\
Note that creation and deletion of transmission records in an IP system\
s state may cause)97 548.6 Q(local applications to be noti\214ed to sta\
rt and stop transmitting data \(see section 6\).)72 561.6 Q F1(6.)72
587.6 Q/F3 14/Times-Bold@0 SF -.35(Ap)5.5 G(plication Noti\214cation).35
E F0(This section describes the relation between protocol e)97 604.2 Q
-.165(ve)-.275 G(nts and noti\214cations to source).165 E
(applications within an IP system. The state machine belo)72 617.2 Q
2.75(wi)-.275 G 2.75(ss)-2.75 G(peci\214c to each source address of)
-2.75 E(the IP system and each multicast destination address. The initi\
al state is the No Info state.)72 630.2 Q(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72
769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 174.259(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(6. [P)2.75 F(age 8])
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(The e)72 524.844 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(nts in state machine abo).165 E .33
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status of G from a MSNIP managed to a non-managed destination address o\
r)97 704.644 Q
(the mapping state that caused this destination address to be managed e)
97 717.644 Q 2.75(xpired. The)-.165 F(SSM)2.75 E
(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 174.259(elas Section)
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(ve T)-.11 H(RANSMIT).11 E F0 1.76 -.88(We r)97 127.6 T(ecei).88 E -.165
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(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
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(router that w)97 222.2 Q(as reporting recei)-.11 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs no longer does so and there are no routers left wishing to).165 E
(recei)97 235.2 Q .33 -.165(ve t)-.275 H(raf).165 E
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Q(gistered for this S)-.165 E(and G.)97 320.4 Q F1(Start ALL r)72 350 Q
(egister)-.198 E(ed)-.198 E F0(Send an IPMulticastSourceStart noti\214c\
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E(and G.)97 376 Q F1(Stop ALL r)72 405.6 Q(egister)-.198 E(ed)-.198 E F0
(Send an IPMulticastSourceStop noti\214cation to all applications that \
are re)97 418.6 Q(gistered for this S)-.165 E(and G.)97 431.6 Q F1(7.)72
457.6 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Router Pr)5.5 E(ocessing)-.252 E F0
(This section describes the per)97 474.2 Q
(-source system tracking state machine operated by each \214rst-)-.22 E
(hop router)72 487.2 Q 2.75(.T)-.605 G(he initial state is No Info.)
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end PEND F1(Figur)166.344 698.862 Q 2.75(e2)-.198 G 2.75(:P)-2.75 G
(er IP sour)-2.97 E(ce system \(S\) state machine at a r)-.198 E(outer)
-.198 E F0(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 168.759
(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(7. [P)2.75 F(age 10])-.165 E EP
%%Page: 11 11
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 65.168(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E(In tab)72 85 Q
(ular form, the state-machine is:)-.22 E .44 LW 503.999 95.75 72 95.75
DL/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(Ev)316.073 106 Q(ent)-.11 E 503.999 110.75
150.543 110.75 DL(Pr)79.987 133 Q .33 -.165(ev S)-.198 H(tate).165 E
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121 Q(Recei)329.696 121 Q -.11(ve)-.11 G(rs f).11 E(or)-.275 E(new)
329.696 134 Q(destination)329.696 147 Q(G)329.696 160 Q(Recei)415.158
121 Q -.11(ve)-.11 G(rs of).11 E 2.75(Gl)415.158 134 S(ea)-2.75 E -.11
(ve)-.275 G 503.999 164.75 72 164.75 DL 503.999 166.75 72 166.75 DL F0
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DL 317.715 110.75 317.715 339.75 DL 236.004 110.75 236.004 339.75 DL
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387.2 Q .22 -.11(ve H)-.11 H(IS).11 E F0(The router has recei)97 400.2 Q
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(managed destination address G and source IP system S.)97 498.4 Q F1
(Recei)72 528 Q -.11(ve)-.11 G(rs of G lea).11 E -.11(ve)-.275 G F0
(The routing protocol has informed MSNIP that all recei)97 541 Q -.165
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(destination address G and source IP system S ha)97 554 Q .33 -.165
(ve l)-.22 H(eft the channel.).165 E(The state machine actions ha)72
583.6 Q .33 -.165(ve t)-.22 H(he follo).165 E(wing meaning:)-.275 E F1
(Set HT to message holdtime)72 613.2 Q F0(The holdtime timer in the hos\
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(alue of)-.275 E(the holdtime \214eld in the recei)97 639.2 Q -.165(ve)
-.275 G 2.75(dH).165 G(ost Interest Solicitation message.)-2.75 E F1
(Send ALL existing TRANSMITs)72 668.8 Q F0(The router b)97 681.8 Q
(uilds and transmits Recei)-.22 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Reports to S that contain a)-2.75 E(TRANSMIT record for each\
of the MSNIP managed destination addresses that ha)97 694.8 Q -.165(ve)
-.22 G(recei)97 707.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs for S.).165 E
(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 168.759(elas Section)
-.165 F 2.75(7. [P)2.75 F(age 11])-.165 E EP
%%Page: 12 12
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(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF
(Send TRANSMIT f)72 85 Q(or G)-.275 E F0(The router b)97 98 Q
(uilds and transmits a Recei)-.22 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report to S that contains a)-2.75 E
(TRANSMIT record for the destination address G.)97 111 Q F1(Send HOLD f)
72 140.6 Q(or G)-.275 E F0(The router b)97 153.6 Q
(uilds and transmits a Recei)-.22 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report to S that contains a HOLD)-2.75 E
(record for the destination address G.)97 166.6 Q F1(8.)72 192.6 Q/F2 14
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(wing pack)-.275 E(et formats are v)-.11 E(alid for both IPv4 and IPv6.)
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72 222.2 Q(xplicitly de\214ned.)-.165 E(There are tw)97 238.8 Q 2.75(om)
-.11 G(essage types of concern to the MSNIP protocol described in this \
document:)-2.75 E .44 LW 318.268 262.55 72 262.55 DL -.88(Ty)80.25 272.8
S(pe Number \(he).88 E 13.75(x\) Message)-.165 F(Name)2.75 E 318.268
277.55 72 277.55 DL 318.268 279.55 72 279.55 DL 73.183(0xXX Host)80.25
289.8 R(Interest Solicitation)2.75 E 318.268 294.55 72 294.55 DL 73.183
(0xYY Recei)80.25 304.8 R -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report)-2.75 E 318.268 309.55 72 309.55 DL 318.268 262.55
318.268 309.55 DL 174.817 262.55 174.817 309.55 DL 72 262.55 72 309.55
DL F1(8.1.)72 351.8 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0 SF(Host Inter)5.5 E
(est Solicitation P)-.234 E(ack)-.13 E(et)-.13 E F0 2.75(AI)72 368.4 S
(nterest Solicitation pack)-2.75 E
(et is periodically multicast by MSNIP capable systems to declare)-.11 E
(interest in Recei)72 381.4 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Reports from multicast routers on the link. The Interest)
-2.75 E(Solicitation message is multicast with a destination address of\
ALL_IGMPv3_R)72 394.4 Q(OUTERS)-.44 E(\(224.0.0.22\) or ALL_MLDv2_R)72
407.4 Q(OUTERS \(TB)-.44 E(A\).)-.385 E/F4 11/Courier@0 SF 125.4(0123)
78.6 439.4 S 6.6(01234567890123456789012345678901)78.6 452.4 S
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
465.4 Q 33(|T)72 478.4 S 33(ype |)-33 F 19.8(Reserved |)19.8 F 72.6
(Checksum |)72.6 F
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
491.4 Q 72.6(|H)72 504.4 S 72.6(oldtime |)-72.6 F
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72 517.4 Q F1 -.814(Ty)72 553 S(pe)
.814 E F0(The type \214eld is set to XX \(to be assigned by IAN)97 566 Q
2.75(Aa)-.385 G 2.75(sa)-2.75 G 2.75(nI)-2.75 G
(GMP type for IPv4 and an)-2.75 E(ICMPv6 type for IPv6\).)97 579 Q F1
(Reser)72 608.6 Q -.11(ve)-.11 G(d).11 E F0 -.385(Tr)97 621.6 S
(ansmitted as zero. Ignored upon receipt.).385 E F1(Checksum)72 651.2 Q
F0(In IPv4, the Checksum is the 16-bit one')97 664.2 Q 2.75(sc)-.605 G
(omplement of the one')-2.75 E 2.75(sc)-.605 G(omplement sum of the)
-2.75 E(whole IGMP message \(the entire IP payload\).)97 677.2 Q
(In IPv6, the Checksum is the standard)5.5 E(ICMPv6 checksum, co)97
690.2 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ring the entire MLDv2 message plus a "pseudo-header" of IPv6).165 E
(header \214elds .CITE ICMPv6 .)97 703.2 Q -.165(Fo)5.5 G 2.75(rc).165 G
(omputing the checksum, the Checksum \214eld is set to)-2.75 E 2.75
(zero. When)97 716.2 R(recei)2.75 E(ving pack)-.275 E
(ets, the checksum MUST be v)-.11 E(eri\214ed before processing a pack)
-.165 E(et.)-.11 E(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E
160.509(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(8.1. [P)2.75 F(age 12])-.165 E EP
%%Page: 13 13
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(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF
(Holdtime)72 85 Q F0(The amount of time a recei)97 98 Q
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-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(,i).165 G 2.75(ns)-2.75 G(econds.)-2.75 E(The def)
97 111 Q(ault v)-.11 E
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(GenID)72 140.6 Q F0(Generation ID of the IP system. A number that is s\
elected randomly for each of the)97 153.6 Q([Rob)97 166.6 Q(ustness V)
-.22 E(ariable] initial Interest Solicitation messages when the system \
comes up and)-1.221 E(afterw)97 179.6 Q(ards remains \214x)-.11 E
(ed to the v)-.165 E
(alue used in the last of the initial messages throughout the)-.275 E(s\
ystem lifetime. The GenID is used by routers to detect system crashes.)
97 192.6 Q F1(8.2.)72 231.6 Q/F2 13/Times-Bold@0 SF(Recei)5.5 E -.13(ve)
-.13 G 3.25(rM).13 G(embership Report P)-3.25 E(ack)-.13 E(et)-.13 E F0
2.75(AR)72 248.2 S(ecei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report pack)-2.75 E
(et is unicast by \214rst-hop multicast routers and tar)-.11 E(geted at)
-.198 E(potential sources to inform them of the e)72 261.2 Q
(xistence or not of recei)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs for the listed multicast).165 E(destination addresses.)72 274.2 Q/F3
11/Courier@0 SF 125.4(0123)78.6 293.2 S 6.6
(01234567890123456789012345678901)78.6 306.2 S
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
319.2 Q 33(|T)72 332.2 S 33(ype |)-33 F(Dest Count)19.8 E 72.6(|C)13.2 G
72.6(hecksum |)-72.6 F
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
345.2 Q 72.6(|H)72 358.2 S 72.6(oldtime |)-72.6 F 72.6(Reserved |)72.6 F
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
371.2 Q 6.6(|R)72 384.2 S(ecord-Type-1 |)-6.6 E 99(Record-Reserved-1 |)
92.4 F
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
397.2 Q 138.6(|D)72 410.2 S 132(estination-Address-1 |)-138.6 F
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
423.2 Q 204.6(|.|)72 436.2 S 204.6(|.|)72 449.2 S
(+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+)72
462.2 Q F1 -.814(Ty)72 497.8 S(pe).814 E F0
(The type \214eld is set to YY \(to be assigned by IAN)97 510.8 Q 2.75
(Aa)-.385 G 2.75(sa)-2.75 G 2.75(nI)-2.75 G(GMP type for IPv4 and an)
-2.75 E(ICMPv6 type for IPv6\).)97 523.8 Q F1(Dest Count)72 553.4 Q F0(\
The number of multicast destination address records present in this mes\
sage.)97 566.4 Q F1(Checksum)72 596 Q F0
(In IPv4, the Checksum is the 16-bit one')97 609 Q 2.75(sc)-.605 G
(omplement of the one')-2.75 E 2.75(sc)-.605 G(omplement sum of the)
-2.75 E(whole IGMP message \(the entire IP payload\).)97 622 Q
(In IPv6, the Checksum is the standard)5.5 E(ICMPv6 checksum, co)97 635
Q -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ring the entire MLDv2 message plus a "pseudo-header" of IPv6).165 E
(header \214elds .CITE ICMPv6 .)97 648 Q -.165(Fo)5.5 G 2.75(rc).165 G
(omputing the checksum, the Checksum \214eld is set to)-2.75 E 2.75
(zero. When)97 661 R(recei)2.75 E(ving pack)-.275 E
(ets, the checksum MUST be v)-.11 E(eri\214ed before processing a pack)
-.165 E(et.)-.11 E F1(Holdtime)72 690.6 Q F0
(The amount of time in seconds that the tar)97 703.6 Q(get host must k)
-.198 E(eep ali)-.11 E .33 -.165(ve t)-.275 H(he transmission record)
.165 E(state created or updated by the TRANSMIT records in this report.\
The router originating the)97 716.6 Q(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769
Q(ouv)-.385 E 160.509(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(8.2. [P)2.75 F(age 13])
-.165 E EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 65.168(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E(Recei)97 85 Q -.165(ve)-.275
G 2.75(rM).165 G(embership Report sets this \214eld to the current v)
-2.75 E(alue of the holdtime timer in the)-.275 E
(system interest record corresponding to the tar)97 98 Q
(get host. As a result Recei)-.198 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership)-2.75 E(Reports sent in response to the reception of a Host \
Interest Solicitation message ha)97 111 Q .33 -.165(ve t)-.22 H(heir)
.165 E(holdtime set to the v)97 124 Q
(alue of the holdtime \214eld in the recei)-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75
(dH).165 G(IS message.)-2.75 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(Reser)72 153.6 Q
-.11(ve)-.11 G(d).11 E F0 -.385(Tr)97 166.6 S
(ansmitted as zero. Ignored upon receipt.).385 E F1(Record-T)72 196.2 Q
(ype-1)-.814 E F0
(The type of the \214rst transmission control record in this message.)97
209.2 Q -1.221(Va)5.5 G(lid v)1.221 E(alues are:)-.275 E .44 LW 411.743
232.95 97 232.95 DL(Record T)105.25 243.2 Q 13.75(ype Description)-.88 F
-1.221(Va)151.877 G(lue)1.221 E 411.743 247.95 97 247.95 DL 411.743
249.95 97 249.95 DL 13.772(TRANSMIT Request)105.25 260.2 R
(to start transmitting to destination)2.75 E(1)16.5 E 411.743 264.95 97
264.95 DL 39.446(HOLD Request)105.25 275.2 R
(to stop transmitting to destination)2.75 E(2)17.105 E 411.743 279.95 97
279.95 DL 411.743 232.95 411.743 279.95 DL 372.946 232.95 372.946 279.95
DL 169.743 232.95 169.743 279.95 DL 97 232.95 97 279.95 DL F1(Reser)72
312.8 Q -.11(ve)-.11 G(d).11 E F0 -.385(Tr)97 325.8 S
(ansmitted as zero. Ignored upon receipt.).385 E F1(Destination-Addr)72
355.4 Q(ess-1)-.198 E F0(The multicast destination address of the \214r\
st record in the message.)97 368.4 Q F1(8.3.)72 407.4 Q/F2 13
/Times-Bold@0 SF(IPv4 Header Fields)5.5 E F0(Lik)97 424 Q 2.75(ea)-.11 G
(ll other IGMP messages, MSNIP messages are encapsulated in IPv4 datagr\
ams, with)-2.75 E(an IP protocol number of 2.)72 437 Q(Ev)5.5 E
(ery MSNIP message described in this document is sent with an IP)-.165 E
-.385(Ti)72 450 S(me-to-Li).385 E .33 -.165(ve o)-.275 H 2.75(f1).165 G
2.75(,a)-2.75 G
(nd carries an IP Router Alert option [RFC-2113] in its IP header)-2.75
E(.)-.605 E F1(8.4.)72 489 Q F2(IPv6 Header Fields)5.5 E F0(MLD message\
s are a sub-protocol of the Internet Control Message Protocol \(ICMPv6 \
[5] \).)97 505.6 Q(MSNIP messages are identi\214ed in IPv6 pack)72 518.6
Q(ets by a preceding Ne)-.11 E(xt Header v)-.165 E(alue of 58.)-.275 E
(All)5.5 E(MSNIP messages described in this document are)72 531.6 Q(sen\
t with a link-local IPv6 Source Address \(or the unspeci\214ed address,\
if a v)74.75 544.6 Q(alid link-local)-.275 E(address is not a)72 557.6
Q -.275(va)-.22 G(ilable\), an IPv6 Hop Limit of 1, and an IPv6 Router \
Alert option .CITE RA).275 E(v6)-.814 E(in a Hop-by-hop Options header)
72 570.6 Q(.)-.605 E F1(9.)72 596.6 Q/F3 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Constants T)
5.5 E(imers and Default V)-.252 E(alues)-1.288 E F1(Rob)72 626.2 Q
(ustness V)-.22 E(ariable)-1.012 E F0(The Rob)97 639.2 Q(ustness V)-.22
E(ariable allo)-1.221 E(ws tuning for the e)-.275 E(xpected pack)-.165 E
(et loss on a netw)-.11 E 2.75(ork. If)-.11 F(a)2.75 E(netw)97 652.2 Q
(ork is e)-.11 E(xpected to be lossy)-.165 E 2.75(,t)-.715 G(he Rob)
-2.75 E(ustness V)-.22 E(ariable may be increased.)-1.221 E(MSNIP is)5.5
E(rob)97 665.2 Q(ust to \(Rob)-.22 E(ustness V)-.22 E
(ariable - 1\) pack)-1.221 E(et losses.)-.11 E(The Rob)5.5 E(ustness V)
-.22 E(ariable MUST NO)-1.221 E 2.75(Tb)-.44 G(e)-2.75 E
(zero, and SHOULD NO)97 678.2 Q 2.75(Tb)-.44 G 2.75(eo)-2.75 G 2.75
(ne. Def)-2.75 F(ault: 2)-.11 E F1(Inter)72 707.8 Q
(est Solicitation Inter)-.198 E -.11(va)-.11 G(l).11 E F0(The interv)97
720.8 Q(al used by MSNIP capable systems between transmissions of Inter\
est Solicitation)-.275 E(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E
168.759(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(9. [P)2.75 F(age 14])-.165 E EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 65.168(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E(messages. Def)97 85 Q
(ault: 60 secs)-.11 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(Inter)72 114.6 Q
(est Solicitation Holdtime)-.198 E F0(The interv)97 127.6 Q(al inserted\
in Interest Solicitation messages by systems to instruct routers ho)
-.275 E(w)-.275 E(long the)97 140.6 Q 2.75(ys)-.165 G
(hould maintain system interest state for)-2.75 E 5.5(.T)-.605 G
(his MUST be \(\(the Rob)-5.5 E(ustness)-.22 E -1.221(Va)97 153.6 S
(riable\) times \(the Interest Solicitation Interv)1.221 E
(al\) plus \(one second\)\).)-.275 E F1(Initial Inter)72 183.2 Q
(est Solicitation Inter)-.198 E -.11(va)-.11 G(l).11 E F0(The interv)97
196.2 Q(al used by systems to send out the initial Interest Solicitatio\
n messages when the)-.275 E(y)-.165 E(\214rst come up. Def)97 209.2 Q
(ault: 1 second.)-.11 E F1(Unsolicited Membership Report Inter)72 238.8
Q -.11(va)-.11 G(l).11 E F0(The interv)97 251.8 Q(al used by routers to\
send out a set of Membership Report messages when the)-.275 E(recei)97
264.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rm).165 G
(embership changes for a speci\214c system.)-2.75 E(Def)5.5 E
(ault: 1 second.)-.11 E F1(10.)72 290.8 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF -.28(Po)
5.5 G(ssible Optimisations).28 E F1(10.1.)72 329.8 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0
SF(Suppr)5.5 E(essing HIS Messages)-.234 E F0 2.75(Ap)97 359.4 S(ossibl\
e optimisation for MSNIP is to suppress the transmission of Host Intere\
st)-2.75 E(Solicitation messages from the source address of an IP syste\
m for which no local application has)72 372.4 Q(re)72 385.4 Q(gistered \
interest. In addition to conserving bandwidth, not transmitting HIS mes\
sages pre)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(nts).165 E(remote recei)72 398.4 Q
-.165(ve)-.275 G(rs for groups with no matching source application from\
creating transmission).165 E(record state in the host system.)72 411.4
Q F1(10.2.)72 450.4 Q F3(Host Stack Filtering)5.5 E F0(Le)97 480 Q -.055
(ga)-.165 G .33 -.165(cy a).055 H(pplications that ha).165 E .33 -.165
(ve n)-.22 H(ot been coded with MSNIP support can still be pre).165 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(nted).165 E(from w)72 493 Q
(aisting \214rst-hop link bandwidth by \214ltering transmitted pack)-.11
E(ets at the operating system)-.11 E(le)72 506 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(l. Ev)
.165 E(en though such applications will not re)-.165 E
(gister for MSNIP noti\214cations with the host)-.165 E(operating syste\
m, if the OS is MSNIP capable and the application is transmitting data \
to an)72 519 Q(MSNIP managed group for which there are no transmit reco\
rds, the OS can safely \214lter the)72 532 Q(pack)72 545 Q
(ets and not transmit them on the wire.)-.11 E 2.75(Ap)97 574.6 S(roble\
m with the \214ltering approach is that it cannot be combined with the \
HIS message)-2.75 E
(suppression optimisation \(see section 10.1\). If there is no re)72
587.6 Q(gistered applications in the system)-.165 E(and HIS messages ar\
e being suppressed then the \214rst-hop routers will not send an)72
600.6 Q 2.75(yR)-.165 G(ecei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(r).165 E
(Membership Reports to the system. As a result kno)72 613.6 Q
(wledge of recei)-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rm).165 G
(embership from the)-2.75 E
(presence of transmit records for groups operated by le)72 626.6 Q -.055
(ga)-.165 G .33 -.165(cy a).055 H(pplications will not e).165 E
(xist. It therefore)-.165 E(becomes unsafe to \214lter pack)72 639.6 Q
(ets from le)-.11 E -.055(ga)-.165 G .33 -.165(cy a).055 H(pplications.)
.165 E F1(10.3.)72 678.6 Q F3(Responding to Unexpected IGMP Queries)5.5
E F0(Under steady state the router side of the IGMP protocol elects a s\
ingle router on each link)97 708.2 Q(that is responsible for issuing IG\
MP Queries. Routers other than the acting IGMP querier will)72 721.2 Q
(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 155.009(elas Section)
-.165 F 2.75(10.3. [P)2.75 F(age 15])-.165 E EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 65.168(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E
(send an IGMP Query only if the)72 85 Q 2.75(yr)-.165 G(estart and ha)
-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve n)-.22 H 2.75(oI).165 G
(GMP querier election state or if the acti)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(Querier crashes and a ne)72 98 Q 2.75(we)-.275 G(lection tak)-2.75 E
(es place.)-.11 E(MSNIP can tak)97 127.6 Q 2.75(ea)-.11 G(dv)-2.75 E
(antage of this mechanism to quickly populate the host interest records)
-.275 E(of a ne)72 140.6 Q 2.75(wr)-.275 G(outer starting up. When the \
router comes up it will issue an IGMP Query in an attempt)-2.75 E
(to be elected as a Querier)72 153.6 Q 2.75(.M)-.605 G
(SNIP capable hosts will notice that the sender of the Query is not the)
-2.75 E(acting Querier)72 166.6 Q 2.75(.T)-.605 G(he)-2.75 E 2.75(yc)
-.165 G(an use this trigger to respond with Host Interest Solicitation \
Messages)-2.75 E(\(with transmission randomised o)72 179.6 Q -.165(ve)
-.165 G 2.75(ras).165 G(mall interv)-2.75 E
(al\) to quickly bring the ne)-.275 E 2.75(wr)-.275 G(outer up-to-date.)
-2.75 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(10.4.)72 218.6 Q/F2 13/Times-Bold@0 SF
(Host and Router Startup)5.5 E F0(When a host operating system is resta\
rted there may be applications that are started as part)97 248.2 Q
(of the initialisation process and w)72 261.2 Q
(ant to source IPv4 multicast traf)-.11 E(\214c. It is possible for the)
-.275 E(applications to re)72 274.2 Q(gister through MSNIP with the IP \
subsystem and to start transmitting multicast)-.165 E
(data before the host recei)72 287.2 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(st).165 G
(he MSNIP managed range de\214nition through the SSM Range option)-2.75
E(of the Multicast Router Disco)72 300.2 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry protocol.).165 E(This temporary \215ooding can be a)97 329.8 Q -.22
(vo)-.22 G(ided if the host OS holds of).22 E 2.75(fn)-.275 G
(otifying MSNIP capable)-2.75 E(applications that the)72 342.8 Q 2.75
(yc)-.165 G(an transmit until it recei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(sa)
.165 G 2.75(nM)-2.75 G(RD adv)-2.75 E(ertisement and learns the SSM)
-.165 E(con\214guration for the netw)72 355.8 Q(ork. This beha)-.11 E
(viour has the dra)-.22 E(wback that it is not compatible with)-.165 E
(le)72 368.8 Q -.055(ga)-.165 G .33 -.165(cy n).055 H(etw).165 E
(orks with no MRD deplo)-.11 E(yment. In such a netw)-.11 E
(ork the host OS has to be able to)-.11 E(determine after a con\214gura\
ble period that MRD is not enabled and hence all multicast)72 381.8 Q
(applications wishing to source traf)72 394.8 Q
(\214c should be noti\214ed to transmit. A good def)-.275 E(ault v)-.11
E(alue for this)-.275 E(period is the MAX_RESPONSE_DELA)72 407.8 Q 2.75
(Yo)-1.155 G 2.75(ft)-2.75 G(he Multicast Router Disco)-2.75 E -.165(ve)
-.165 G(ry protocol [4].).165 E(Late router startup is harder to deal w\
ith. Hosts that start up before the multicast router may)97 424.4 Q
(time out w)72 437.4 Q(aiting for an MRD adv)-.11 E
(ertisement and instruct all MSNIP capable multicast source)-.165 E
(applications to transmit data. One w)72 450.4 Q(ay to w)-.11 E
(ork around this problem is to con\214gure the host OS to)-.11 E -.11
(wa)72 463.4 S(it fore).11 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rf).165 G
(or an MRD adv)-2.75 E
(ertisement before instructing MSNIP applications to transmit.)-.165 E
F1(11.)72 489.4 Q/F3 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Inter)5.5 E
(-operation with IGMP / MLD Pr)-.518 E(oxying)-.252 E F0
(MSNIP is intended for use on netw)97 506 Q(orks with multicast serv)
-.11 E(ers of)-.165 E(fering a lar)-.275 E(ge number of)-.198 E
(potential sessions. Although unlik)72 519 Q
(ely it is possible to deplo)-.11 E 2.75(ys)-.11 G(uch a serv)-2.75 E
(er behind an IGMP /)-.165 E(MLD Proxy [12].)72 532 Q(If a de)97 548.6 Q
(vice performing IGMP / MLD Proxying wishes to proxy MSNIP)-.275 E 2.75
(,i)-1.221 G 2.75(tM)-2.75 G(UST forw)-2.75 E(ard)-.11 E
(MSNIP Host Interest Solicitation messages that are recei)72 561.6 Q
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(do).165 G 2.75(nd)-2.75 G -.275(ow)-2.75 G
(nstream interf).275 E(aces to its)-.11 E(upstream interf)72 574.6 Q
2.75(ace. No)-.11 F(special treatment is required for MSNIP Recei)2.75 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G(embership Reports as)-2.75 E(the)72
587.6 Q 2.75(ya)-.165 G(re unicast to the tar)-2.75 E(get host.)-.198 E
(In addition to the forw)97 604.2 Q
(arding of MSNIP messages, an IGMP proxy MUST operate the)-.11 E
(Multicast Router Disco)72 617.2 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry protocol [3] on all its do).165 E(wnstream interf)-.275 E
(aces and adv)-.11 E(ertise the)-.165 E(MSNIP capability option \(secti\
on 4.1.1\) and SSM address range option \(section 4.1.2\). The)72 630.2
Q(MSNIP capability option should be adv)72 643.2 Q(ertised on do)-.165 E
(wnstream interf)-.275 E(aces only if it is included in)-.11 E
(MRD messages recei)72 656.2 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(do).165 G 2.75(nt)
-2.75 G(he upstream interf)-2.75 E 2.75(ace. The)-.11 F
(address range to be included in the SSM)2.75 E
(Range option MUST be determined by MRD and IGMP messages recei)72 669.2
Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(do).165 G 2.75(nt)-2.75 G(he upstream)-2.75 E
(interf)72 682.2 Q
(ace of the proxy according to the rules in section 4.2.)-.11 E
(In addition to the forw)97 698.8 Q
(arding of MSNIP messages, an MLD proxy MUST operate the IPv6)-.11 E
(Neighbor Disco)72 711.8 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry protocol. The MSNIP capability option should be adv).165 E
(ertised on do)-.165 E(wnstream)-.275 E(interf)72 724.8 Q
(aces when it is included in IPv6 Neighbor Disco)-.11 E -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry messages recei).165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(do).165 G 2.75(nt)-2.75
G(he upstream)-2.75 E(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E
163.259(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(11. [P)2.75 F(age 16])-.165 E EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 65.168(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E(interf)72 85 Q(ace.)-.11 E
/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(12.)72 111 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF
(Security Considerations)5.5 E F0 1.76 -.88(We c)97 140.6 T
(onsider the rami\214cations of a for).88 E(ged message of each type.)
-.198 E(As described in [1] IPSEC)5.5 E
(AH can be used to authenticate IGMP messages if desired.)72 153.6 Q F1
(12.1.)72 192.6 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0 SF(Recei)5.5 E -.13(ve)-.13 G 3.25
(rM).13 G(embership Report attacks)-3.25 E F0 2.75(AD)97 222.2 S
(oS attack on a host could be staged through for)-2.75 E(ged Recei)-.198
E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G(embership Report)-2.75 E
(messages. The attack)72 235.2 Q(er can send a lar)-.11 E
(ge number of reports, each with a lar)-.198 E(ge number of)-.198 E
(TRANSMIT records and a holdtime \214eld set to a lar)72 248.2 Q(ge v)
-.198 E(alue. The host will ha)-.275 E .33 -.165(ve t)-.22 H 2.75(os)
.165 G(tore and)-2.75 E(maintain the transmission records speci\214ed i\
n all of those reports for the duration of the holdtime.)72 261.2 Q
(This w)72 274.2 Q(ould consume both memory and CPU c)-.11 E
(ycles in the host.)-.165 E -.165(Fo)97 303.8 S -.198(rg).165 G
(ed Recei).198 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report messages from the local netw)-2.75 E
(ork can be easily traced.)-.11 E
(There are three measures necessary to defend ag)72 316.8 Q(ainst e)
-.055 E(xternally for)-.165 E(ged reports:)-.198 E 7.15<8352>72 346.4 S
(outers SHOULD NO)-7.15 E 2.75(Tf)-.44 G(orw)-2.75 E(ard Recei)-.11 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Reports. This is easier for a router to)-2.75 E
(accomplish if the report carries the Router)83 359.4 Q(-Alert option.)
-.22 E 7.15<8348>72 389 S(osts SHOULD ignore Recei)-7.15 E -.165(ve)
-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G(embership Reports without the Router)-2.75 E
(-Alert option.)-.22 E(Note that a remote attack through the multicast \
routing protocol is possible. A remote site)97 418.6 Q
(can originate join state for a lar)72 431.6 Q
(ge number of groups that will propag)-.198 E(ate through MSNIP to the)
-.055 E(tar)72 444.6 Q(get source host.)-.198 E(Such attacks are consid\
ered a more signi\214cant problem for the routers)5.5 E(in)72 457.6 Q
-.22(vo)-.44 G(lv).22 E
(ed and are left up to the routing protocol security)-.165 E(.)-.715 E
(HOLD records in for)97 487.2 Q(ged Recei)-.198 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75
(rM).165 G(embership Report messages are not a signi\214cant threat)
-2.75 E(as hosts track the indi)72 500.2 Q
(vidual interests of each \214rst-hop router separately)-.275 E 2.75(.O)
-.715 G(nly by for)-2.75 E(ging the)-.198 E
(source address of the report message so that is appears to ha)72 513.2
Q .33 -.165(ve o)-.22 H(riginated from a real \214rst-hop).165 E
(router can the attack)72 526.2 Q
(er cause the source to stop transmitting to a group that has v)-.11 E
(alid recei)-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs.).165 E(Such for)72 539.2 Q
(ged messages can be detected by the router itself.)-.198 E F1(12.2.)72
578.2 Q F3(Host Inter)5.5 E(est Solicitation attacks)-.234 E F0 -.165
(Fo)97 607.8 S -.198(rg).165 G
(ed Host Interest Solicitation messages can ha).198 E .33 -.165(ve t)
-.22 H .22 -.11(wo e).165 H -.275(ff).11 G(ects:).275 E 7.15<8357>72
637.4 S(hen non-e)-7.15 E(xistent source addresses are used the solicit\
ation messages can create unw)-.165 E(anted)-.11 E(host record state on\
attached routers for the duration of the holdtime speci\214ed in the m\
essage.)83 650.4 Q 7.15<8357>72 680 S
(hen a source address corresponding to an e)-7.15 E
(xisting host is used in the for)-.165 E(ged HIS message,)-.198 E(recei\
pt of the message by attached routers will cause them to transmit Recei)
83 693 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G(embership)-2.75 E
(Reports messages for an)83 706 Q 2.75(ym)-.165 G
(ulticast destination addresses with recei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs for the tar).165 E(get host.)-.198 E(Although no additional state w\
ill be created in routers or hosts from this attack, bandwidth and)83
719 Q(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 155.009
(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(12.2. [P)2.75 F(age 17])-.165 E EP
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(asted in both the \214rst-hop routers and the tar)-.11 E(get host.)
-.198 E(Just lik)97 114.6 Q 2.75(ef)-.11 G(or the Recei)-2.75 E -.165
(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G
(embership Report message, attacks using the Host Interest)-2.75 E
(Solicitation message can be reduced by requiring the use of the Router)
72 127.6 Q(-Alert option on the)-.22 E(message.)72 140.6 Q/F1 11
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(MSNIP Managed Range Disco)5.5 E -.13(ve)-.13 G(ry).13 E F0(As discusse\
d in [4] it is possible for directly connected systems to send for)97
209.2 Q(ged Multicast)-.198 E(Router Adv)72 222.2 Q
(ertisement messages containing the SSM Range Disco)-.165 E -.165(ve)
-.165 G(ry option. As the SSM Range).165 E(Disco)72 235.2 Q -.165(ve)
-.165 G
(ry option determines the MSNIP managed range under IPv4, such for).165
E(ged messages can)-.198 E(temporarily replace the managed range map wi\
th incorrect information in recei)72 248.2 Q(ving hosts.)-.275 E(An)5.5
E(incorrect mapping can ha)72 261.2 Q .33 -.165(ve t)-.22 H .22 -.11
(wo e).165 H -.275(ff).11 G(ects:).275 E 7.15<8341>72 290.8 S(pplicatio\
ns using a multicast destination address within the real SSM range that\
ha)-7.15 E .33 -.165(ve n)-.22 H 2.75(ov).165 G(alid)-3.025 E(recei)83
303.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs can be trick).165 E(ed into thinking that t\
heir chosen destination address is no longer an SSM)-.11 E
(address and will therefore start transmitting data.)83 316.8 Q 7.15
<8341>72 346.4 S(pplications using group addresses outside the v)-7.15 E
(alid SSM range can be trick)-.275 E(ed into thinking)-.11 E(that the)83
359.4 Q 2.75(ya)-.165 G
(re using an SSM destination address and therefore pre)-2.75 E -.165(ve)
-.275 G(nted from transmitting data.).165 E(The Multicast Router Disco)
97 389 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry SSM Range Option speci\214cation suggests that a router).165 E
(recei)72 402 Q(ving a Multicast Router Adv)-.275 E
(ertisement with an inconsistent SSM Range Option log the e)-.165 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(nt).165 E(to the operator)72 415 Q 2.75(.S)-.605 G
(uch logging will enable tracking of this type of attack.)-2.75 E F1
(13.)72 454 Q/F3 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(IAN)5.5 E 3.5(AC)-.28 G
(onsiderations)-3.5 E F0(This document introduces the follo)97 483.6 Q
(wing ne)-.275 E 2.75(wt)-.275 G
(ypes and options that require allocation by)-2.75 E(IAN)72 496.6 Q(A:)
-.385 E 7.15<8354>72 526.2 S .22 -.11(wo n)-8.03 H .55 -.275(ew I).11 H
(GMP messages for Host Interest Solicitation and Recei).275 E -.165(ve)
-.275 G 2.75(rM).165 G(embership Report.)-2.75 E
(Each of these messages requires a ne)83 539.2 Q 2.75(wI)-.275 G
(GMP type v)-2.75 E(alue to be assigned by IAN)-.275 E 2.75(A[)-.385 G
(11].)-2.75 E 7.15<8354>72 555.8 S(he ne)-7.15 E 2.75(wM)-.275 G
(SNIP Operation option for the Multicast Router Disco)-2.75 E -.165(ve)
-.165 G(ry protocol. This option).165 E(requires a ne)83 568.8 Q 2.75
(wM)-.275 G(RD type v)-2.75 E(alue to be assigned by IAN)-.275 E(A.)
-.385 E 7.15<8354>72 598.4 S(he ne)-7.15 E 2.75(wM)-.275 G
(SNIP Operation option for the Neighbour Disco)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry / ICMPv6 protocol. This).165 E(option requires a ne)83 611.4 Q 2.75
(wN)-.275 G(DP / ICMPv6 type v)-2.75 E(alue to be assigned by IAN)-.275
E(A.)-.385 E F1(14.)72 650.4 Q F3(Ackno)5.5 E(wledgments)-.14 E F0
(The authors w)72 667 Q(ould lik)-.11 E 2.75(et)-.11 G 2.75(ot)-2.75 G
(hank Da)-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve T)-.22 H(haler).165 E 2.75(,J)-.44 G
(on Cro)-2.75 E(wcroft, T)-.275 E(oerless Eck)-.88 E
(ert and Haixiang He for)-.11 E(their contrib)72 680 Q
(ution to this speci\214cation.)-.22 E(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769
Q(ouv)-.385 E 163.259(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(15. [P)2.75 F(age 18])
-.165 E EP
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(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(15.)72
85 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF -.7(Au)5.5 G(thors' Addr).7 E(esses)-.252 E
F0(Bill Fenner)108 104 Q -1.221(AT)108 117 S(&T Labs - Research)1.221 E
(75 W)108 130 Q(illo)-.44 E 2.75(wR)-.275 G(oad)-2.75 E(Menlo P)108 143
Q(ark, CA 94025)-.165 E(fenner@research.att.com)108 156 Q
(Brian Haberman)108 181 Q(Caspian Netw)108 194 Q(orks)-.11 E(One P)108
207 Q(ark Dri)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(,S).165 G(uite 400)-2.75 E
(Research T)108 220 Q(riangle P)-.385 E(ark, NC)-.165 E(27709)5.5 E
(bkhabs@nc.rr)108 233 Q(.com)-.605 E(Hugh Holbrook)108 258 Q
(Cisco Systems)108 271 Q(170 W)108 284 Q 2.75(.T)-1.012 G(asman Dri)
-3.63 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(San Jose, CA 95134)108 297 Q
(holbrook@cisco.com)108 310 Q(Isidor K)108 335 Q(ouv)-.385 E(elas)-.165
E(Cisco Systems)108 348 Q(170 W)108 361 Q 2.75(.T)-1.012 G(asman Dri)
-3.63 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(San Jose, CA 95134)108 374 Q -.11(ko)108 387 S
(uv).11 E(elas@cisco.com)-.165 E F1(16.)72 432 Q F2(Normati)5.5 E .28
-.14(ve R)-.14 H(efer).14 E(ences)-.252 E F0([1] B. Cain, S Deering, W)
72 448.6 Q 2.75(.F)-1.012 G(enner)-2.75 E 2.75(,IK)-.44 G(ouv)-3.135 E
(elas, A. Th)-.165 E(yag)-.055 E(arajan, "Internet Group Management)
-.055 E(Protocol, V)97 461.6 Q(ersion 3", RFC 3376.)-1.221 E([2] R. V)72
478.2 Q(ida, et al, "Multicast Listener Disco)-.66 E -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry V).165 E(ersion 2 \(MLDv2\) for IPv6", w)-1.221 E(ork in progress,)
-.11 E(<draft-vida-mld-v2-??.txt>, October 2002.)97 491.2 Q([3] S. Bisw)
72 507.8 Q(as, B. Haberman, "IGMP Multicast Router Disco)-.11 E -.165
(ve)-.165 G(ry", W).165 E(ork In Progress, <draft-ietf-)-.88 E(idmr)97
520.8 Q(-igmp-mrdisc-08.txt>, 2001.)-.22 E([4] I. K)72 537.4 Q(ouv)-.385
E(elas, "Multicast Router Disco)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry SSM Range Option", w).165 E(ork in progress, <draft-ietf-)-.11 E
(magma-mrdssm-02.txt>, No)97 550.4 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G(mber 2002.).165 E
([5] A. Conta, S. Deering, "Internet Control Message Protocol \(ICMPv6\
\) for the Internet Protocol)72 567 Q -1.221(Ve)97 580 S
(rsion 6 \(IPv6\)", RFC 2463.)1.221 E
([6] H. Holbrook, B. Cain, "Source-Speci\214c Multicast for IP", w)72
596.6 Q(ork in progress, <draft-ietf-ssm-)-.11 E(arch-00.txt>, 21 No)97
609.6 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G(mber 2001.).165 E([7] S. K)72 626.2 Q(ent, R. \
Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol.", RFC 2401.)
-.275 E([8] C. P)72 642.8 Q
(artridge, A. Jackson, "IPv6 Router Alert Option", RFC 2711.)-.165 E F1
(17.)72 681.8 Q F2(Inf)5.5 E(ormati)-.35 E .28 -.14(ve R)-.14 H(efer).14
E(ences)-.252 E F0([9] W)72 698.4 Q 2.75(.F)-1.012 G(enner)-2.75 E 2.75
(,M)-.44 G 2.75(.H)-2.75 G(andle)-2.75 E 1.43 -.715(y, H)-.165 H 2.75
(.H).715 G(olbrook, I. K)-2.75 E(ouv)-.385 E
(elas, "Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse)-.165 E
(Mode \(PIM-SM\):)97 711.4 Q(Protocol Speci\214cation \(Re)5.5 E
(vised\)", W)-.275 E(ork In Progress, <draft-ietf-pim-sm-)-.88 E(v2-ne)
97 724.4 Q(w-??.txt>, 2002.)-.275 E(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q
(ouv)-.385 E 163.259(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(17. [P)2.75 F(age 19])
-.165 E EP
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(September 2003)2.75 E(March 2003)106.935 E
([10] Z. Albanna, K. Almeroth, D. Me)72 85 Q(yer)-.165 E 2.75(,")-.44 G
(IAN)-2.75 E 2.75(AG)-.385 G(uidelines for IPv4 Multicast Address)-2.75
E(Allocation", Best Current Practices, <draft-ietf-iana-IPv4-mcast-guid\
elines-00.txt>, 2001.)97 98 Q([11] W)72 114.6 Q 2.75(.F)-1.012 G(enner)
-2.75 E 2.75(,")-.44 G(IAN)-2.75 E 2.75(AC)-.385 G
(onsiderations for IGMP", http://www)-2.75 E(.iana.or)-.715 E
(g/assignments/igmp-type-)-.198 E
(numbers, RFC 3228 \(BCP 57\), February 2002.)97 127.6 Q([12] W)72 144.2
Q 2.75(.F)-1.012 G(enner)-2.75 E 2.75(,H)-.44 G 2.75(.H)-2.75 G
(e, B. Haberman, H. Sandick, "IGMP / MLD-based Multicast F)-2.75 E(orw)
-.165 E(arding)-.11 E
(\(IGMP / MLD Proxying\)" draft-ietf-magma-igmp-proxy-01.txt, No)97
157.2 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G(mber).165 E 2.75(,2)-.44 G(002.)-2.75 E
(Fenner/Haberman/Holbrook/K)72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 163.259(elas Section)
-.165 F 2.75(17. [P)2.75 F(age 20])-.165 E EP
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72 769 Q(ouv)-.385 E 163.259(elas Section)-.165 F 2.75(17. [P)2.75 F
(age 21])-.165 E EP
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