One document matched: draft-floyd-tcpm-ackcc-00.ps

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/F0 10/Courier-Bold@0 SF(Internet Engineering Task Force)72 98 Q
(S. Floyd, Editor)149.998 E 317.998(INTERNET-DRAFT ICIR)72 111 R
(Intended status: Experimental)72 124 Q(A. Arcia)209.998 E
(Expires: 13 October 2007)72 137 Q(D. Ros)251.998 E(ENST Bretagne)
425.998 150 Q(J. Iyengar)443.998 163 Q(Connecticut College)389.998 176 Q
(13 April 2007)425.998 189 Q/F1 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Adding Ackno)125.446
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390 Q(+-----------+-----------+)139.8 416 Q 13.2(|K)139.8 429 S 13.2
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93.6 483.1 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ra).165 G(ckno)-2.75 E
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(et.)-.11 E F1(5.2.)72 509.1 Q F2(The TCP A)5.5 E(CK Ratio Option)-.715
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(ap in the sequence space.)-.055 E(When A)93.6 267 Q
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(CK Ratio is at most tw)-.44 E(o, the TCP)-.11 E(recei)93.6 280 Q -.165
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345 Q F2(Determining Lost or Mark)5.5 E(ed A)-.13 E(CK P)-.715 E(ack)
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410 Q(ws the A)-.275 E(CK Ratio R in use by the recei)-.44 E -.165(ve)
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(wledgement pack)-.275 E(ets, each ne)-.11 E(w)-.275 E(ackno)93.6 436 Q
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93.6 215 Q(ws.)-.275 E(The A)93.6 241 Q(CK Ratio al)-.44 E -.11(wa)-.11
G(ys meets three constraints: \(1\) the A).11 E(CK Ratio is an inte)-.44
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(ets, the A)-.11 E(CK Ratio R is doubled; and for each)-.44 E
(cwnd/\(MSS*\(R^2 - R\)\) consecuti)93.6 332 Q .33 -.165(ve c)-.275 H
(ongestion windo).165 E(ws of data with no lost or mark)-.275 E(ed A)
-.11 E(CK)-.44 E(pack)93.6 345 Q(ets, the A)-.11 E
(CK Ratio is decreased by 1.)-.44 E
(\(See Appendix A of RFC 4341 for the deri)5.5 E -.275(va)-.275 G(tion.)
.275 E(Note that Appendix A of RFC 4341 assumes a congestion windo)93.6
358 Q 2.75(wWi)-.275 G 2.75(np)-2.75 G(ack)-2.75 E(ets, while we)-.11 E
(use cwnd in bytes.\))93.6 371 Q -.165(Fo)93.6 397 S 2.75(rac).165 G
(onstant congestion windo)-2.75 E 1.43 -.715(w, t)-.275 H(his gi).715 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(sa).165 G 2.75(nA)-2.75 G
(CK sending rate that is roughly TCP)-3.19 E(friendly)93.6 410 Q 5.5(.O)
-.715 G 2.75(fc)-5.5 G(ourse, cwnd usually v)-2.75 E(aries o)-.275 E
-.165(ve)-.165 G 2.75(rt).165 G(ime; the dynamics will be rather comple)
-2.75 E(x, b)-.165 E(ut)-.22 E(roughly TCP friendly)93.6 423 Q 5.5(.W)
-.715 G 2.75(er)-6.38 G(ecommend that the sender use the most recent v)
-2.75 E(alue of cwnd)-.275 E(when determining whether to decrease A)93.6
436 Q(CK Ratio by one.)-.44 E(The sender need not k)93.6 462 Q
(eep the A)-.11 E(CK Ratio completely up to date.)-.44 E -.165(Fo)5.5 G
2.75(ri).165 G(nstance, it MA)-2.75 E 2.75(Yr)-1.155 G(ate-)-2.75 E
(limit A)93.6 475 Q(CK Ratio rene)-.44 E(gotiations to once e)-.165 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(ry four or \214v).165 E 2.75(er)-.165 G
(ound-trip times, or to once e)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(ry).165 E
(second or tw)93.6 488 Q 2.75(o. The)-.11 F(sender SHOULD NO)2.75 E 2.75
(Ta)-.44 G(ttempt to change the A)-2.75 E(CK Ratio more than)-.44 E
(once per round-trip time.)93.6 501 Q(Additionally)5.5 E 2.75(,i)-.715 G
2.75(tM)-2.75 G 2.31 -1.155(AY e)-2.75 H(nforce a minimum A)1.155 E
(CK Ratio of tw)-.44 E(o, or it)-.11 E(MA)93.6 514 Q 2.75(Ys)-1.155 G
(et A)-2.75 E
(CK Ratio to one for half-connections with persistent congestion windo)
-.44 E(ws of 1 or)-.275 E 2.75(2p)93.6 527 S(ack)-2.75 E(ets.)-.11 E
-.44(Wi)93.6 553 S(th A).44 E(CK congestion control, the recei)-.44 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rc).165 G(ould be sending tw)-2.75 E 2.75(oA)-.11
G(CK pack)-3.19 E(ets per windo)-.11 E(w)-.275 E(of data e)93.6 566 Q
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ni).165 G 2.75(nt)-2.75 G(he f)-2.75 E(ace of v)
-.11 E(ery hea)-.165 E(vy congestion on the re)-.22 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rse path.).165 E 1.76 -.88(We w)5.5 H(ould note,).77 E(ho)93.6 579 Q
(we)-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G .88 -.44(r, t).165 H
(hat if congestion is suf).44 E(\214ciently hea)-.275 E(vy)-.22 E 2.75
(,a)-.715 G(ll the ack pack)-2.75 E(ets are dropped, and then the)-.11 E
(sender f)93.6 592 Q(alls back on an e)-.11 E(xponentially back)-.165 E
(ed-of)-.11 E 2.75(ft)-.275 G(imeout. Thus, if congestion is suf)-2.75 E
(\214ciently)-.275 E(hea)93.6 605 Q(vy on the re)-.22 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rse path, then the sender reduces its sending rate on the forw).165 E
(ard path,)-.11 E(which reduces the rate on the re)93.6 618 Q -.165(ve)
-.275 G(rse path as well.).165 E F1(5.6.)72 644 Q F2(Sending A)5.5 E
(CKs f)-.715 E(or Out-of-Order Data Segments)-.325 E F0
(RFC 2581 says that "a TCP recei)93.6 670 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rS)
.165 G(HOULD send an immediate duplicate A)-2.75 E(CK when an)-.44 E
(out-of-order se)93.6 683 Q(gment arri)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75
(s." After).165 F(three duplicate A)2.75 E(CKs are recei)-.44 E -.165
(ve)-.275 G(d, the TCP sender).165 E(infers a pack)93.6 696 Q
(et loss and implements F)-.11 E(ast Retransmit and F)-.165 E(ast Reco)
-.165 E -.165(ve)-.165 G(ry).165 E 2.75(,r)-.715 G(etransmitting the)
-2.75 E(Flo)72 733 Q 366.891(yd [P)-.11 F(age 7])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 26.19(-DRAFT TCPM)-1.012 F 2.75
(-A)2.75 G(CK CONGESTION CONTR)-3.19 E 70.695(OL April)-.44 F(2007)2.75
E(missing pack)93.6 85 Q 2.75(et. When)-.11 F(the A)2.75 E
(CK Ratio is at most tw)-.44 E(o, the TCP recei)-.11 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
2.75(rS).165 G(HOULD still send)-2.75 E(an immediate duplicate A)93.6 98
Q(CK when an out-of-order se)-.44 E(gment arri)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(s.).165 E(When the A)93.6 124 Q(CK Ratio is greater than tw)-.44 E
(o, the TCP recei)-.11 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rs).165 G
(till SHOULD send an immediate)-2.75 E(duplicate A)93.6 137 Q
(CK for each of the \214rst three out-of-order se)-.44 E
(gments that arri)-.165 E .33 -.165(ve i)-.275 H 2.75(nar).165 G
(eordering)-2.75 E -2.365 -.275(ev e)93.6 150 T 2.75(nt. \(W).275 F 2.75
(ed)-.88 G(e\214ne a reordering e)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(nt at the recei).165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ra).165 G 2.75(sb)-2.75 G
-.165(eg)-2.75 G(inning when an out-of-order).165 E(se)93.6 163 Q
(gment arri)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(s, and ending when the recei).165 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rh).165 G(olds no more out-of-order se)-2.75 E
(gments.\))-.165 E(Ho)93.6 176 Q(we)-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G .88 -.44
(r, w).165 H(hen the A).44 E(CK Ratio is greater than tw)-.44 E
(o, after the \214rst three duplicate A)-.11 E(CKs ha)-.44 E -.165(ve)
-.22 G(been sent, the TCP recei)93.6 189 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rs).165
G(hould perform A)-2.75 E(CK congestion control on the remaining A)-.44
E(CKs)-.44 E(to be sent during the current reordering e)93.6 202 Q -.165
(ve)-.275 G 2.75(nt. That).165 F
(is, after the \214rst three duplicate A)2.75 E(CKs)-.44 E(ha)93.6 215 Q
.33 -.165(ve b)-.22 H(een sent, the TCP recei).165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
2.75(rS).165 G(HOULD send an A)-2.75 E(CK for e)-.44 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(ry R out-of-order se).165 E(gments,)-.165 E(instead of sending an A)
93.6 228 Q(CK for e)-.44 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(ry out-of-order se).165 E
2.75(gment. In)-.165 F(addition, a recei)2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75
(rM).165 G(UST)-2.75 E(NO)93.6 241 Q 2.75(Tw)-.44 G(ithhold an A)-2.75 E
(CK for more than 500 ms.)-.44 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(5.7.)72 267 Q/F2
13/Times-Bold@0 SF(The Sender')5.5 E 3.25(sR)-.481 G(esponse to A)-3.25
E(CK P)-.715 E(ack)-.13 E(ets)-.13 E F0(The use of a lar)93.6 293 Q
(ge A)-.198 E(CK Ratio can generate line rate data b)-.44 E
(ursts at a TCP sender)-.22 E 5.5(.W)-.605 G(hen the)-5.5 E -.44(AC)93.6
306 S 2.75(KR).44 G(atio is greater than tw)-2.75 E
(o, the TCP sender SHOULD use some form of b)-.11 E(urst mitig)-.22 E
(ation,)-.055 E(or rate-based pacing for sending data pack)93.6 319 Q
(ets in response to a single ackno)-.11 E 2.75(wledgement. The)-.275 F(\
use of rate-based pacing will be limited by the timer granularity at th\
e TCP sender)93.6 332 Q(.)-.605 E 1.76 -.88(We n)93.6 358 T
(ote that the interaction of A).88 E(CK congestion control and b)-.44 E
(urst mitig)-.22 E(ation schemes needs)-.055 E(further study)93.6 371 Q
(.)-.715 E(In addition to the impact of a lar)93.6 397 Q(ge A)-.198 E
(CK Ratio on the b)-.44 E(urstiness of the TCP sender')-.22 E 2.75(ss)
-.605 G(ending)-2.75 E(rate, a lar)93.6 410 Q(ge A)-.198 E
(CK Ratio can also af)-.44 E(fect the data sending rate by slo)-.275 E
(wing do)-.275 E(wn the increase of)-.275 E(the congestion windo)93.6
423 Q 2.75(wc)-.275 G 2.75(wnd. As)-2.75 F
(speci\214ed in RFC 2581, in slo)2.75 E(w-start the TCP sender)-.275 E
(increases cwnd by one full-sized se)93.6 436 Q(gment for each ne)-.165
E 2.75(wA)-.275 G(CK recei)-3.19 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(d\().165 G
(in this conte)-2.75 E(xt, a)-.165 E("ne)93.6 449 Q 2.75(wA)-.275 G
(CK" is an A)-3.19 E(CK that ackno)-.44 E(wledges ne)-.275 E 2.75(wd)
-.275 G 2.75(ata\). RFC)-2.75 F(2581 also speci\214es that in)2.75 E
(congestion a)93.6 462 Q -.22(vo)-.22 G
(idance, the TCP sender increases cwnd by roughly 1/cwnd full-sized).22
E(se)93.6 475 Q(gments for each A)-.165 E(CK recei)-.44 E -.165(ve)-.275
G(d, resulting in an increase in cwnd of roughly one full-sized).165 E
(se)93.6 488 Q(gment per round-trip time.)-.165 E
(In this case, the use of a lar)5.5 E(ge A)-.198 E(CK Ratio w)-.44 E
(ould slo)-.11 E 2.75(wd)-.275 G -.275(ow)-2.75 G 2.75(nt).275 G(he)
-2.75 E(increase of the sender')93.6 501 Q 2.75(sc)-.605 G
(ongestion windo)-2.75 E -.715(w.)-.275 G(RFC 2581 notes that it is als\
o acceptable to count the number of bytes ackno)93.6 527 Q
(wledged by ne)-.275 E(w)-.275 E -.44(AC)93.6 540 S
(Ks, and to increase cwnd based on the number of bytes ackno).44 E
(wledged, rather than on the)-.275 E(number of ne)93.6 553 Q 2.75(wA)
-.275 G(CKs recei)-3.19 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(d. Thus,).165 F
(the sender SHOULD use Appropriate Byte Counting)2.75 E
([RFC3465] with Ackno)93.6 566 Q
(wledgement Congestion Control, so that the Ackno)-.275 E(wledgement)
-.275 E(Congestion Control doesn')93.6 579 Q 2.75(ts)-.198 G(lo)-2.75 E
2.75(wd)-.275 G -.275(ow)-2.75 G 2.75(nt).275 G(he windo)-2.75 E 2.75
(wi)-.275 G(ncreases for the data traf)-2.75 E(\214c sent by the)-.275 E
(sender)93.6 592 Q(.)-.605 E(As cited earlier)93.6 618 Q 2.75(,R)-.44 G
(FC 2581 infers that a pack)-2.75 E(et has been lost after it recei)-.11
E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(st).165 G(hree duplicate)-2.75 E(ackno)93.6 631
Q 2.75(wledgements. Because)-.275 F -.44(AC)2.75 G 2.75(KC).44 G
(ongestion Control is only used when there is)-2.75 E
(congestion on the re)93.6 644 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rse path, after a pack).165 E
(et loss one or more of the three duplicate A)-.11 E(CKs)-.44 E
(sent by the recei)93.6 657 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rc).165 G
(ould be lost on the re)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rse path, and the recei).165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rm).165 G(ight w)
-2.75 E(ait until it has)-.11 E(recei)93.6 670 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75
(dRm).165 G(ore out-of-order se)-2.75 E(gments before sending the ne)
-.165 E(xt duplicate A)-.165 E(CK. All this)-.44 E(could slo)93.6 683 Q
2.75(wd)-.275 G -.275(ow)-2.75 G 2.75(nF).275 G(ast Reco)-2.915 E -.165
(ve)-.165 G(ry and F).165 E(ast Retransmit quite a bit.)-.165 E 1.76
-.88(To r)5.5 H(educe the potential).88 E
(delay in detecting a lost pack)93.6 696 Q(et, we add that when SA)-.11
E(CK is used, a TCP sender SHOULD)-.44 E(Flo)72 733 Q 366.891(yd [P)-.11
F(age 8])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 26.19(-DRAFT TCPM)-1.012 F 2.75
(-A)2.75 G(CK CONGESTION CONTR)-3.19 E 70.695(OL April)-.44 F(2007)2.75
E(use the information in the SA)93.6 85 Q
(CK option to detect when the recei)-.44 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rh).165
G(as recei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(da).165 G 2.75(tl)-2.75 G(east)
-2.75 E(three out-of-order data pack)93.6 98 Q(ets, and to initiate F)
-.11 E(ast Retransmit and F)-.165 E(ast Reco)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.165 G
(ry in this).165 E(case, e)93.6 111 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ni).165 G
2.75(ft)-2.75 G(he TCP sender has not yet recei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
2.75(dt).165 G(hree dup A)-2.75 E(CKs.)-.44 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(6.)
72 137 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF -.28(Po)5.5 G(ssible Complications).28 E
F1(6.1.)72 163 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0 SF -.26(Po)5.5 G
(ssible Complications:).26 E(Delay)6.5 E(ed Ackno)-.13 E(wledgements)
-.13 E F0(The recei)93.6 189 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rc).165 G
(ould send a delayed ackno)-2.75 E(wledgement ackno)-.275 E
(wledging a single pack)-.275 E(et, e)-.11 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(n).165 E
(when the A)93.6 202 Q(CK Ratio is tw)-.44 E 2.75(oo)-.11 G 2.75(rm)
-2.75 G(ore.)-2.75 E(This should not cause f)93.6 228 Q(alse positi)-.11
E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(s\().165 G
(when the TCP sender infers a loss when no loss)-2.75 E 2.75
(happened\). The)93.6 241 R(TCP sender only infers that a pure A)2.75 E
(CK pack)-.44 E(et has been lost when no data)-.11 E(pack)93.6 254 Q
(et has been lost, and an A)-.11 E(CK pack)-.44 E(et arri)-.11 E -.165
(ve)-.275 G 2.75(sa).165 G(ckno)-2.75 E(wledging more than R ne)-.275 E
2.75(wp)-.275 G(ack)-2.75 E(ets.)-.11 E(Delayed ackno)93.6 280 Q
(wledgements could, ho)-.275 E(we)-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G .88 -.44
(r, c).165 H(ause f).44 E(alse ne)-.11 E -.055(ga)-.165 G(ti).055 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(s, with the TCP sender).165 E
(unable to detect the loss of an ack pack)93.6 293 Q
(et sent as a delayed ackno)-.11 E 2.75(wedgement. F)-.275 F(alse)-.165
E(ne)93.6 306 Q -.055(ga)-.165 G(ti).055 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ss).165
G(eem acceptable; this w)-2.75 E(ould result in approximate A)-.11 E
(CK congestion control, which)-.44 E -.11(wo)93.6 319 S
(uld be better than no A).11 E(CK congestion control at all.)-.44 E
(In particular)5.5 E 2.75(,w)-.44 G(hen this form of f)-2.75 E(alse)-.11
E(ne)93.6 332 Q -.055(ga)-.165 G(ti).055 E .33 -.165(ve o)-.275 H
(ccurs, it is because the recei).165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ri).165 G
2.75(ss)-2.75 G(ending ackno)-2.75 E(wledgements at such a lo)-.275 E
2.75(wr)-.275 G(ate)-2.75 E(that it is sending delayed ackno)93.6 345 Q
(wledgements, rather than ackno)-.275 E(wledging at least R data)-.275 E
(pack)93.6 358 Q(ets with each ackno)-.11 E(wledgement.)-.275 E F1(6.2.)
72 384 Q F3 -.26(Po)5.5 G(ssible Complications: Duplicate Ackno).26 E
(wledgements.)-.13 E F0
(As discussed in Section 5.3, RFC 2581 states that "a TCP recei)93.6 410
Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rS).165 G(HOULD send an)-2.75 E
(immediate duplicate A)93.6 423 Q(CK when an out-of-order se)-.44 E
(gment arri)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(s," and that "a TCP recei).165 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(r).165 E(SHOULD send an immediate A)93.6 436 Q
(CK when the incoming se)-.44 E(gment \214lls in all or part of a g)
-.165 E(ap in)-.055 E(the sequence space" [RFC2581].)93.6 449 Q(When A)
5.5 E(CK Congestion Control is used, the TCP recei)-.44 E -.165(ve)-.275
G(r).165 E(instead uses the guidelines from Section 5.6 to go)93.6 462 Q
-.165(ve)-.165 G(rn the sending of duplicate A).165 E 2.75(CKs. More)
-.44 F -.11(wo)93.6 475 S(rk w).11 E(ould be useful to e)-.11 E -.275
(va)-.275 G(luate the adv).275 E(antages and disadv)-.275 E
(antages of this approach in terms)-.275 E
(of the potential delay in triggering F)93.6 488 Q
(ast Retransmit, and to e)-.165 E(xplore alternate possibilities.)-.165
E F1(6.3.)72 514 Q F3 -.26(Po)5.5 G(ssible Complications:).26 E -1.456
-.962(Tw o)6.5 H(-W).962 E(ay T)-.845 E(raf\214c.)-.962 E F0
(In a TCP connection with tw)93.6 540 Q(o-w)-.11 E(ay traf)-.11 E
(\214c, the recei)-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rc).165 G
(ould send some pure A)-2.75 E(CK pack)-.44 E(ets,)-.11 E
(and some ackno)93.6 553 Q(wledgements piggy-back)-.275 E
(ed on data pack)-.11 E 2.75(ets. In)-.11 F(this case, ho)2.75 E 2.75
(ww)-.275 G(ell can the)-2.75 E(TCP sender infer when pure A)93.6 566 Q
(CK pack)-.44 E(ets ha)-.11 E .33 -.165(ve b)-.22 H(een lost?).165 E
(The recei)5.5 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rw).165 G(ould still follo)-2.86
E(w)-.275 E(the rule of only sending a pure A)93.6 579 Q(CK pack)-.44 E
(et when there is a need for a delayed ack, or there)-.11 E(are R ne)
93.6 592 Q 2.75(wd)-.275 G(ata pack)-2.75 E(ets to ackno)-.11 E(wledge.)
-.275 E F1(6.4.)72 618 Q F3 -.26(Po)5.5 G(ssible Complications:).26 E
(Reordering of A)6.5 E(CK P)-.715 E(ack)-.13 E(ets.)-.13 E F0
(It is possible for A)93.6 644 Q(CK pack)-.44 E
(ets to be reordered on the re)-.11 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rse path.).165 E
(The TCP sender could)5.5 E(either use a parallel mechanism to the dupA)
93.6 657 Q(CK threshold to infer when an A)-.44 E(CK pack)-.44 E(et has)
-.11 E(been lost, as with TCP)93.6 670 Q 2.75(,o)-1.221 G .88 -.44(r, m)
-2.75 H(ore rob).44 E(ustly)-.22 E 2.75(,t)-.715 G
(he TCP sender could w)-2.75 E(ait an entire round-trip)-.11 E
(time before inferring that an A)93.6 683 Q(CK pack)-.44 E
(et has been lost [RFC4653].)-.11 E(Flo)72 733 Q 366.891(yd [P)-.11 F
(age 9])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 26.19(-DRAFT TCPM)-1.012 F 2.75
(-A)2.75 G(CK CONGESTION CONTR)-3.19 E 70.695(OL April)-.44 F(2007)2.75
E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(6.5.)72 85 Q/F2 13/Times-Bold@0 SF -.26(Po)5.5 G
(ssible Complications: Abrupt changes in the A).26 E(CK path.)-.715 E F0
(What happens when there are abrupt changes in the re)93.6 111 Q -.165
(ve)-.275 G(rse path, such as from v).165 E(ertical)-.165 E(hando)93.6
124 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G 2.75(rs? Can).165 F(there be an)2.75 E 2.75(yp)
-.165 G(roblems that w)-2.75 E(ould be w)-.11 E(orse than those e)-.11 E
(xperienced by a)-.165 E(TCP connection that is not using A)93.6 137 Q
(CK congestion control?)-.44 E F1(6.6.)72 163 Q F2 -.26(Po)5.5 G
(ssible Complications: Corruption.).26 E F0(As with data pack)93.6 189 Q
(ets, it is possible for A)-.11 E(CK pack)-.44 E
(ets to be dropped in the netw)-.11 E(ork due to)-.11 E
(corruption rather than congestion.)93.6 202 Q
(The current assumption of A)5.5 E(CK congestion control is that)-.44 E
(all losses should be tak)93.6 215 Q(en as indications of congestion.)
-.11 E(When there is some better answer for)5.5 E
(corrupted TCP data pack)93.6 228 Q(ets, the same solution hopefully w)
-.11 E(ould apply to corrupted A)-.11 E(CK)-.44 E(pack)93.6 241 Q
(ets as well.)-.11 E F1(6.7.)72 267 Q F2(Other Issues)5.5 E F0
(Are there an)93.6 293 Q 2.75(yp)-.165 G
(roblems caused by the combination of tw)-2.75 E(o-w)-.11 E(ay traf)-.11
E(\214c and reordering?)-.275 E(Ho)93.6 319 Q 2.75(ww)-.275 G(ell w)
-2.75 E(ould A)-.11 E(CK congestion control w)-.44 E(ork without SA)-.11
E(CK information?)-.44 E(Or w)5.5 E(ould)-.11 E(SA)93.6 332 Q
(CK be required with A)-.44 E(CK congestion control?)-.44 E F1(7.)72 358
Q/F3 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Ackno)5.5 E(wledgement Congestion Contr)-.14 E
(ol in CCID 2)-.252 E F0(Rate-based pacing: F)93.6 384 Q
(or CCID 2, RFC 4341 says that "senders MA)-.165 E 2.75(Yu)-1.155 G
(se a form of rate-based)-2.75 E(pacing when sending multiple data pack)
93.6 397 Q(ets liberated by a single A)-.11 E(CK pack)-.44 E
(et, rather than)-.11 E(sending all liberated data pack)93.6 410 Q
(ets in a single b)-.11 E 2.75(urst." Ho)-.22 F(we)-.275 E -.165(ve)
-.275 G .88 -.44(r, r).165 H(ate-based pacing is not).44 E
(required in CCID 2.)93.6 423 Q(Increasing the congestion windo)93.6 449
Q(w: F)-.275 E(or CCID 2, RFC 4341 says that "when cwnd < ssthresh,)
-.165 E(meaning that the sender is in slo)93.6 462 Q
(w-start, the congestion windo)-.275 E 2.75(wi)-.275 G 2.75(si)-2.75 G
(ncreased by one pack)-2.75 E(et)-.11 E(for e)93.6 475 Q -.165(ve)-.275
G(ry tw).165 E 2.75(on)-.11 G -.275(ew)-2.75 G(ly ackno).275 E
(wledged data pack)-.275 E(ets with A)-.11 E(CK V)-.44 E
(ector State 0 \(not ECN-)-1.221 E(mark)93.6 488 Q
(ed\), up to a maximum of A)-.11 E(CK Ratio/2 pack)-.44 E(ets per ackno)
-.11 E 2.75(wledgement. This)-.275 F(is a)2.75 E(modi\214ed form of App\
ropriate Byte Counting [RFC3465] that is consistent with TCP')93.6 501 Q
(s)-.605 E(current standard \(which does not include byte counting\), b)
93.6 514 Q(ut allo)-.22 E(ws CCID 2 to increase as)-.275 E(aggressi)93.6
527 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(ly as TCP when CCID 2').165 E 2.75(sA)-.605 G
(CK Ratio is greater than the def)-3.19 E(ault v)-.11 E(alue of tw)-.275
E(o.)-.11 E(When cwnd >= ssthresh, the congestion windo)93.6 540 Q 2.75
(wi)-.275 G 2.75(si)-2.75 G(ncreased by one pack)-2.75 E(et for e)-.11 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(ry).165 E(windo)93.6 553 Q 2.75(wo)-.275 G 2.75(fd)
-2.75 G(ata ackno)-2.75 E(wledged without lost or mark)-.275 E(ed pack)
-.11 E(ets.")-.11 E F1(8.)72 592 Q F3(Security Considerations)5.5 E F0
([T)93.6 618 Q 2.75(ob)-.88 G 2.75<658c>-2.75 G(nished later)-2.75 E(.])
-.605 E(What are the sender')93.6 644 Q 2.75(si)-.605 G(ncenti)-2.75 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(st).165 G 2.75(oc)-2.75 G(heat on A)-2.75 E
(CK congestion control?)-.44 E(What are the)5.5 E(recei)93.6 657 Q -.165
(ve)-.275 G(r').165 E 2.75(si)-.605 G(ncenti)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
2.75(st).165 G 2.75(oc)-2.75 G 2.75(heat? What)-2.75 F(are the a)2.75 E
-.165(ve)-.22 G(nues open for cheating?).165 E(As long as A)93.6 683 Q
(CK congestion control is optional, neither host can be forced to use A)
-.44 E(CK)-.44 E(congestion control if it doesn')93.6 696 Q 2.75(tw)
-.198 G(ant to.)-2.86 E(So A)5.5 E
(CK congestion control will only be used if the)-.44 E(Flo)72 733 Q
361.391(yd [P)-.11 F(age 10])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 26.19(-DRAFT TCPM)-1.012 F 2.75
(-A)2.75 G(CK CONGESTION CONTR)-3.19 E 70.695(OL April)-.44 F(2007)2.75
E(sender or recei)93.6 85 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rh).165 G -2.475 -.22
(av e)-2.75 H(some chance of recei)2.97 E(ving some bene\214t.)-.275 E
(As long as A)93.6 111 Q(CK congestion control is optional for TCP)-.44
E 2.75(,t)-1.221 G(here is little incenti)-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve f)-.275 H
(or the TCP).165 E(end nodes to cheat on non-ECN-based A)93.6 124 Q
(CK congestion control.)-.44 E(There is nothing no)5.5 E 2.75(wt)-.275 G
(hat)-2.75 E
(requires TCP hosts to use congestion control in response to dropped A)
93.6 137 Q(CK pack)-.44 E(ets.)-.11 E(What a)93.6 163 Q -.165(ve)-.22 G
(nues for cheating are opened by the use of ECN-Capable A).165 E
(CK pack)-.44 E 2.75(ets? If)-.11 F(the end)2.75 E
(nodes can use ECN to ha)93.6 176 Q .33 -.165(ve A)-.22 H(CK pack)-.275
E(ets mark)-.11 E(ed rather than dropped, and if the end nodes)-.11 E
(can then a)93.6 189 Q -.22(vo)-.22 G(id the use of A).22 E
(CK congestion control that goes along with the use of ECN on)-.44 E
-.44(AC)93.6 202 S 2.75(Kp).44 G(ack)-2.75 E
(ets, then the end nodes could ha)-.11 E .33 -.165(ve a)-.22 H 2.75(ni)
.165 G(ncenti)-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve t)-.275 H 2.75(oc).165 G 2.75
(heat. Senders)-2.75 F(could cheat by)2.75 E(not instructing the recei)
93.6 215 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rt).165 G 2.75(ou)-2.75 G
(se a higher A)-2.75 E(CK Ratio; the recei)-.44 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75
(rw).165 G(ould ha)-2.86 E .33 -.165(ve a h)-.22 H(ard time).165 E
(detecting this cheating.)93.6 228 Q(Recei)5.5 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs could cheat by not using the A).165 E(CK Ratio the)-.44 E 2.75(yw)
-.165 G(ere)-2.75 E(instructed to use, b)93.6 241 Q
(ut senders could easily detect this cheating.)-.22 E(Ho)5.5 E(we)-.275
E -.165(ve)-.275 G .88 -.44(r, r).165 H(ecei).44 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(rs could also).165 E(cheat by not using A)93.6 254 Q
(CK congestion control and still sending A)-.44 E(CK pack)-.44 E
(ets as ECN-capable,)-.11 E(so A)93.6 267 Q
(CK congestion control is not a necessary component for recei)-.44 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(rs to cheat about sending).165 E(ECN-capable A)93.6 280
Q(CK pack)-.44 E 2.75(ets. One)-.11 F(question w)2.75 E
(ould be whether there is an)-.11 E 2.75(yw)-.165 G(ay for recei)-2.86 E
-.165(ve)-.275 G(rs).165 E(to cheat about sending ECN-Capable A)93.6 293
Q(CK pack)-.44 E(ets and not using appropriate A)-.11 E(CK)-.44 E(conge\
stion control without this cheating being easily detected by the sender)
93.6 306 Q(.)-.605 E(What about the ability of routers or middlebox)93.6
332 Q(es to detect TCP recei)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs that cheat by)
.165 E(inappropriately sending A)93.6 345 Q(CK pack)-.44 E
(ets as ECN-capable?)-.11 E(The router will only kno)5.5 E 2.75(wi)-.275
G 2.75(ft)-2.75 G(he)-2.75 E(recei)93.6 358 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(ri)
.165 G 2.75(sa)-2.75 G(uthorized to send A)-2.75 E(CK pack)-.44 E
(ets as ECN-Capable if it monitored both the SYN)-.11 E(and SYN/A)93.6
371 Q(CK pack)-.44 E(ets \(and w)-.11 E
(as able to read the TCP options in the pack)-.11 E(et headers\).)-.11 E
(If)5.5 E -.44(AC)93.6 384 S 2.75(Kc).44 G
(ongestion control has been ne)-2.75 E
(gotiated, the router will only kno)-.165 E 2.75(wi)-.275 G 2.75(fA)
-2.75 G(CK congestion)-3.19 E
(control is being used correctly by the recei)93.6 397 Q -.165(ve)-.275
G 2.75(ri).165 G 2.75(fi)-2.75 G 2.75(tc)-2.75 G(an monitor the A)-2.75
E(CK Ratio options sent)-.44 E(from the sender to the recei)93.6 410 Q
-.165(ve)-.275 G 3.96 -.605(r. I).165 H 2.75(fA).605 G
(CK congestion control is being used, the router will not)-3.19 E
(necessarily be able to tell if A)93.6 423 Q
(CK congestion control is being used correctly by the sender)-.44 E(,)
-.44 E(because drops of A)93.6 436 Q(CK pack)-.44 E
(ets might be occurring after the A)-.11 E(CK pack)-.44 E(ets ha)-.11 E
.33 -.165(ve l)-.22 H(eft the router).165 E(.)-.605 E(Ho)93.6 449 Q(we)
-.275 E -.165(ve)-.275 G .88 -.44(r, i).165 H 2.75(ft).44 G
(he router sees the A)-2.75 E(CK Ratio options sent from the sender)-.44
E 2.75(,t)-.44 G(he router will be)-2.75 E
(able to tell if the sender is correctly accounting for those A)93.6 462
Q(CK pack)-.44 E(ets that are dropped or)-.11 E(ECN-mark)93.6 475 Q
(ed on the path from the recei)-.11 E -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(rt).165 G
2.75(ot)-2.75 G(he router)-2.75 E(.)-.605 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(9.)72
514 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(IAN)5.5 E 3.5(AC)-.28 G(onsiderations)-3.5 E
F0(IAN)93.6 540 Q 2.75(Aw)-.385 G
(ill allocate the option numbers for the tw)-2.75 E 2.75(oT)-.11 G
(CP options, the A)-2.75 E(CK-Congestion-)-.44 E
(Control-Permitted Option, and the A)93.6 553 Q(CK Ratio Option.)-.44 E
F1(10.)72 579 Q F2(Conclusions)5.5 E F1(11.)72 605 Q F2(Ackno)5.5 E
(wledgements)-.14 E F0(Man)93.6 631 Q 2.75(yt)-.165 G
(hanks for feedback and contrib)-2.75 E(uted te)-.22 E
(xt from Michael W)-.165 E(elzl.)-.88 E F2(Normati)72 657 Q .28 -.14
(ve R)-.14 H(efer).14 E(ences)-.252 E F0 29.634([RFC2119] S.)98.7 673.6
R(Bradner)2.75 E 2.75(,K)-.44 G .33 -.165(ey W)-3.025 H(ords F)-.715 E
(or Use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Le)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(ls,)
.165 E(RFC 2119.)181.2 686.6 Q(Flo)72 733 Q 361.391(yd [P)-.11 F
(age 11])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 26.19(-DRAFT TCPM)-1.012 F 2.75
(-A)2.75 G(CK CONGESTION CONTR)-3.19 E 70.695(OL April)-.44 F(2007)2.75
E 29.634([RFC2581] Allman,)98.7 85 R(M., V)2.75 E 2.75(.P)-1.419 G
(axson, and W)-2.915 E 2.75(.S)-1.012 G(te)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.275 G
(ns, "TCP Congestion Control",).165 E(RFC 2581, April 1999.)181.2 98 Q
29.634([RFC3465] Allman,)98.7 114.6 R
(M., TCP Congestion Control with Appropriate Byte Counting)2.75 E
(\(ABC\), RFC 3465, Experimental, February 2003.)181.2 127.6 Q 29.634
([RFC4340] K)98.7 144.2 R(ohler)-.385 E 2.75(,E)-.44 G(., Handle)-2.75 E
1.43 -.715(y, M)-.165 H(., and S. Flo).715 E
(yd, "Datagram Congestion Control)-.11 E
(Protocol \(DCCP\)", RFC 4340, March 2006.)181.2 157.2 Q 29.634
([RFC4341] Flo)98.7 173.8 R(yd, S., and E. K)-.11 E(ohler)-.385 E 2.75
(,P)-.44 G(ro\214le for Datagram Congestion Control)-2.75 E
(Protocol \(DCCP\) Congestion Control ID 2: TCP-lik)181.2 186.8 Q 2.75
(eC)-.11 G(ongestion)-2.75 E(Control, RFC 4341, March 2006.)181.2 199.8
Q/F1 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Inf)72 225.8 Q(ormati)-.35 E .28 -.14(ve R)-.14
H(efer).14 E(ences)-.252 E F0 29.634([RFC3168] K.)98.7 242.4 R
(Ramakrishnan, S. Flo)2.75 E(yd and D. Black. The Addition of Explicit)
-.11 E(Congestion Noti\214cation \(ECN\) to IP)181.2 255.4 Q 2.75(.R)
-1.221 G(FC 3168, September 2001.)-2.75 E 29.634([RFC4653] S.)98.7 272 R
(Bhandarkar)2.75 E 2.75(,A)-.44 G 2.75(.L)-2.75 G 2.75(.N)-2.75 G 2.75
(.R)-2.75 G(eddy)-2.75 E 2.75(,M)-.715 G 2.75(.A)-2.75 G
(llman and E. Blanton, Impro)-2.75 E(ving)-.165 E(the Rob)181.2 285 Q
(ustness of TCP to Non-Congestion Ev)-.22 E(ents, RFC 4653, August)-.165
E(2006.)181.2 298 Q 39.424([ASA00] A.)98.7 314.6 R(Agg)2.75 E(arw)-.055
E(al, S. Sa)-.11 E -.275(va)-.22 G(ge, and T).275 E 2.75(.A)-.814 G
(nderson. Understanding the)-2.75 E(Performance of TCP P)181.2 327.6 Q
(acing. In INFOCOM \(3\), pages 11571165, 2000.)-.165 E 46.145
([AB05] M.)98.7 344.2 R(Allman and E. Blanton. Notes on Burst Mitig)2.75
E(ation for T)-.055 E(ransport)-.385 E
(Protocols. SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Re)181.2 357.2 Q -.715(v.)-.275 G
2.75(,3).715 G(5\(2\):5360, 2005.)-2.75 E([A)98.7 373.8 Q 36.366
(OM02] J.)-.605 F -1.012(Aw)2.75 G -.165(ey)1.012 G
(a, M. Ouellette, and D. Y).165 E 5.5(.M)-1.419 G(ontuno. A Self-re)-5.5
E(gulating TCP)-.165 E(Ackno)181.2 386.8 Q(wledgement \(ack\) P)-.275 E
(acing Scheme. Int. J. Netw)-.165 E 2.75(.M)-.715 G(anag.,)-2.75 E
(12\(3\):145163, 2002.)181.2 399.8 Q 40.029([BPK97] Balakrishnan,)98.7
416.4 R(H., V)2.75 E 2.75(.P)-1.419 G(admanabhan, and Katz, R., The Ef)
-2.915 E(fects of)-.275 E(Asymmetry on TCP Performance, Third A)181.2
429.4 Q(CM/IEEE Mobicom)-.44 E(Conference, September 1997.)181.2 442.4 Q
31.999([BGG+07] D.K.)98.7 459 R(Blandford, S.A. Goldman, S. Gorinsk)2.75
E 1.43 -.715(y, Y)-.165 H 2.75(.Z)-.704 G(hou, and D.R. Dooly)-2.75 E(.)
-.715 E(Smartacking: Impro)181.2 472 Q
(ving TCP Performance from the Recei)-.165 E(ving End.)-.275 E
(Journal of Internet Engineering, 1\(1\), 2007.)181.2 485 Q 40.04
([TJW00] I.)98.7 501.6 R -.88(Ta)2.75 G 2.75(mM).88 G
(ing-Chit, D. Jinsong and W)-2.75 E 2.75(.W)-1.012 G(ang. Impro)-3.63 E
(ving TCP)-.165 E(Performance Ov)181.2 514.6 Q(er Asymmetric Netw)-.165
E(orks. A)-.11 E(CM SIGCOMM Computer)-.44 E(Communication Re)181.2 527.6
Q(vie)-.275 E 1.43 -.715(w, 3)-.275 H(0\(3\), July 2000.).715 E 35.761
([YMH03] L.)98.7 544.2 R -1.221(Yu)2.75 G 2.75(,Y)1.221 G 2.75(.M)-4.169
G(inhua, and Z. Huimin. The Impro)-2.75 E -.165(ve)-.165 G(ment of TCP)
.165 E(Performance in Bandwidth Asymmetric Netw)181.2 557.2 Q 2.75
(ork. IEEE)-.11 F(PIMRC,)2.75 E(1:482-486, September 2003.)181.2 570.2 Q
F1 -.7(Au)72 609.2 S(thors' Addr).7 E(esses)-.252 E F0(Flo)72 733 Q
361.391(yd [P)-.11 F(age 12])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
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(-A)2.75 G(CK CONGESTION CONTR)-3.19 E 70.695(OL April)-.44 F(2007)2.75
E/F1 11/Courier@0 SF(Sally Floyd)93.6 85 Q
(ICSI Center for Internet Research)93.6 98 Q
(1947 Center Street, Suite 600)93.6 111 Q(Berkeley, CA 94704)93.6 124 Q
(USA)93.6 137 Q(EMail: floyd <at> icir <dot> org)93.6 163 Q
(Andres Arcia)93.6 184.1 Q
(Networking, Security & Multimedia \(RSM\) Dpt.)93.6 197.1 Q
(GET / ENST Bretagne)93.6 210.1 Q(Rue de la Chataigneraie, CS 17607)93.6
223.1 Q(35576 Cesson Sevigne Cedex)93.6 236.1 Q(France)93.6 249.1 Q
(Email: AE <dot> ARCIA <at> enst-bretagne <dot> fr)93.6 275.1 Q
(Janardhan R. Iyengar)93.6 296.2 Q(Connecticut College)93.6 309.2 Q
(270 Mohegan Avenue)93.6 322.2 Q(New London, CT 06320)93.6 335.2 Q(USA)
93.6 348.2 Q(Email: iyengar <at> conncoll <dot> edu)93.6 374.2 Q
(David Ros)93.6 408.3 Q(Networking, Security & Multimedia \(RSM\) Dpt.)
93.6 421.3 Q(GET / ENST Bretagne)93.6 434.3 Q
(Rue de la Chataigneraie, CS 17607)93.6 447.3 Q
(35576 Cesson Sevigne Cedex)93.6 460.3 Q(France)93.6 473.3 Q
(Email: David <dot> Ros <at> enst-bretagne <dot> fr)93.6 499.3 Q/F2 14
/Times-Bold@0 SF(Full Copyright Statement)72 540.4 Q F0(Cop)93.6 557 Q
(yright \(C\) The IETF T)-.11 E(rust \(2007\).)-.385 E(This document is\
 subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, \
and)93.6 573.6 Q -.165(ex)93.6 586.6 S
(cept as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights.).165 E
(This document and the information contained herein are pro)93.6 603.2 Q
(vided on an "AS IS" basis and)-.165 E(THE CONTRIB)93.6 616.2 Q(UT)-.11
E(OR, THE ORGANIZA)-.198 E(TION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS)-1.221 E
(SPONSORED BY \(IF ANY\), THE INTERNET SOCIETY)93.6 629.2 Q 2.75(,T)
-1.419 G(HE IETF TR)-2.75 E(UST AND THE)-.44 E(INTERNET ENGINEERING T)
93.6 642.2 Q(ASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL W)-1.023 E(ARRANTIES, EXPRESS)-1.32
E(OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING B)93.6 655.2 Q(UT NO)-.11 E 2.75(TL)-.44 G
(IMITED T)-2.75 E 2.75(OA)-.198 G(NY W)-2.75 E(ARRANTY THA)-1.32 E 2.75
(TT)-1.221 G(HE)-2.75 E(USE OF THE INFORMA)93.6 668.2 Q
(TION HEREIN WILL NO)-1.221 E 2.75(TI)-.44 G(NFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY)
-2.75 E(IMPLIED W)93.6 681.2 Q(ARRANTIES OF MERCHANT)-1.32 E
(ABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A)-1.023 E -1.012(PA)93.6 694.2 S -.66(RT)1.012
G(ICULAR PURPOSE.).66 E(Flo)72 733 Q 361.391(yd [P)-.11 F(age 13])-.165
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/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 26.19(-DRAFT TCPM)-1.012 F 2.75
(-A)2.75 G(CK CONGESTION CONTR)-3.19 E 70.695(OL April)-.44 F(2007)2.75
E/F1 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Intellectual Pr)72 85 Q(operty)-.252 E F0
(The IETF tak)93.6 101.6 Q(es no position re)-.11 E -.055(ga)-.165 G
(rding the v).055 E(alidity or scope of an)-.275 E 2.75(yI)-.165 G
(ntellectual Property)-2.75 E(Rights or other rights that might be clai\
med to pertain to the implementation or use of the)93.6 114.6 Q
(technology described in this document or the e)93.6 127.6 Q
(xtent to which an)-.165 E 2.75(yl)-.165 G(icense under such rights)
-2.75 E(might or might not be a)93.6 140.6 Q -.275(va)-.22 G
(ilable; nor does it represent that it has made an).275 E 2.75(yi)-.165
G(ndependent ef)-2.75 E(fort)-.275 E(to identify an)93.6 153.6 Q 2.75
(ys)-.165 G(uch rights.)-2.75 E
(Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC)5.5 E
(documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.)93.6 166.6 Q
(Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and an)93.6
183.2 Q 2.75(ya)-.165 G(ssurances of licenses to be)-2.75 E(made a)93.6
196.2 Q -.275(va)-.22 G(ilable, or the result of an attempt made to obt\
ain a general license or permission for).275 E(the use of such propriet\
ary rights by implementers or users of this speci\214cation can be)93.6
209.2 Q(obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at http://www)93.6
222.2 Q(.ietf.or)-.715 E(g/ipr)-.198 E(.)-.605 E(The IETF in)93.6 238.8
Q(vites an)-.44 E 2.75(yi)-.165 G
(nterested party to bring to its attention an)-2.75 E 2.75(yc)-.165 G
(op)-2.75 E(yrights, patents or)-.11 E
(patent applications, or other proprietary rights that may co)93.6 251.8
Q -.165(ve)-.165 G 2.75(rt).165 G(echnology that may be)-2.75 E
(required to implement this standard.)93.6 264.8 Q
(Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-)5.5 E(ipr@ietf.or)
93.6 277.8 Q(g.)-.198 E(Flo)72 733 Q 361.391(yd [P)-.11 F(age 14])-.165
E 0 Cg EP
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