One document matched: draft-dinh-icn-sensor-scenarios-00.txt
ICNRG N.T. Dinh
Internet Draft Y. Kim
Intended status: Standards Track Soongsil University
Expires: June 9, 2013 January 14, 2013
ICN Wireless Sensor and Actor Network BaseLine Scenarios
draft-dinh-icn-sensor-scenarios-00
Abstract
This document presents scenarios for information centric wireless
sensor and actor networks. The scenarios selected for inclusion in
this first draft aim to exercise a variety of aspects in wireless
sensor and actor network that an ICN solution could address.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction ................................................ 2
2. Naming Scheme ............................................... 3
3. In-network Auto-configuration................................ 3
4. Distributed Virtual Information Sharing Model................ 4
5. Distributed Information Filter............................... 4
6. Information-based prioritized routing and Aggregation........ 4
7. Semantic Coordination and Collaboration...................... 5
8. Security Considerations...................................... 6
9. IANA Considerations ......................................... 6
10. Acknowledgments ............................................ 6
11. References ................................................. 6
11.1. Normative References...................................... 6
11.2.Informative References..................................... 6
1. Introduction
Wireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs) consist of resource-
constrained nodes which operate in low power and lossy network
environment. Therefore, resource optimization is a very important
factor in design of WSANs' operations. Current TCP/IP model does not
fit well in this environment, so a need of 6LoWPAN is highlighted in
[RFC4919]. This draft exploits ICN approach in WSANs (ICWSANs) and
illustrates the obtained benefits.
For example, Dinh and Kim [ICWSAN] consider a functional oriented
naming scheme for information objects/entities and illustrate the
ICN benefits through scenarios in this category, including an in-
network auto-configuration, a distributed virtual information
sharing model, a content-based distributed information filter, a
content-based routing and data aggregation, and a semantic
cooperative distributed approach for WSANs.
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2. Naming Scheme
In comparison to the Internet, a WSAN node produces and needs a few
types of information. For example, a temperature sensor may produce
only temperature sensing data or a notification about an over-
threshold temperature event. Types of information have a closely
relationship with their producers' functions (e.g. temperature data
or temperature event in a relationship with the temperature sensor).
In this way, naming schemes applied for each piece of information in
[CCN] and other ICN proposals are not efficient in WSANs. A
functional-oriented naming scheme is proposed in ICWSANs. A name in
ICWSANs includes an information category prefix and information ID.
The first part expresses a real-world functional category name of a
type of sensor or actor. The latter part expresses the detail
information (e.g. ID, security code) which makes the name persistent
and unique. The naming scheme is proposed for both information
naming and node's naming, which are associated in the relationship
with node's function. For example, a temperature sensor could be
named as tempSen:xxx and its temperature information could be named
as temp:xxx, or a temperature sink node could also be named as
tempSink:xxx ("temp" is a category prefix for multiple types of
sensor, actor, and sink nodes which are related to the temperature
category). By this way, the scalability issue of the naming scheme
in ICWSANs may not be as critical as other Internet's ICN proposals.
In the other hand, by exploiting the functional category-certifying,
ICWSANs could improve the network performance and reduce
communication overhead in WSANs, especially in group communication.
Hashing or other security functions could also apply on the name.
3. In-network Auto-configuration
In low power and lossy environment as WSANs, the WSAN system
dynamically adapts to change in network topology due to node
failures, environmental condition change, and new deployed nodes.
Therefore, auto-configuration design is important for such a large
scale network with limited resource nodes. Furthermore, the
connectivity from a node to the sink node could not guarantee all
the time because of sleep/wakeup intermediate node and low link
quality. In ICWSAN, an in-network auto-configuration is proposed to
reduce the configuration overhead. In particularly, when a new node
is deployed, configuration information could be retrieved from the
previously deployed nodes (with cached configuration information)
without a need to send a configuration information request to sink
node, or manually by user (e.g. a new temperature deployed node may
retrieve configuration information from the nearest temperature node
which is deployed previously). The new node then processes the
configuration information for all the information needed to fully
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join to the existing network and start its operation. The in-network
auto-configuration requires only one alive neighbor node is enough
to execute auto-configuration for the newly deployed node while
optimizing number of forwarding requests to minimize the
configuration overhead by sharing information.
4. Distributed Virtual Information Sharing Model
The information sharing model also could execute in a distributed
virtual way; particularly, in a heterogeneous WSANs with multiple
types of sensors and actors, multiple separately virtual groups
could be created semantically to support inter-operate among nodes
without a requirement of a complex group's member addresses
management or centralized control(e.g. temperature sensors with the
same name prefix "temp" in an area could form a virtual group while
fired actors with the name prefix "fire-xxx" also form as another
group). The sharing rules could be determined based on the category
prefix of the information. The distributed virtual model is very
useful in case of configuration, data collection, and inter-
operation; for example, an interest request could be sent to collect
only temperature sensing information or a configuration
message is sent to only humidity sensors (only humidity sensors
should process this message).
5. Distributed Information Filter
An information-based distributed information filter approach is
proposed to support the distributed virtual sharing model where a
node receives and processes an information object only if it is
interested in this information; if not, it could forward or simply
discard messages, even broadcast messages. ICWSAN could enable this
technique because the network layer could understand what
information is carried, what that means and distributes the
information to nodes that need this information. Uninterested/error
information objects are discarded from the network layer where
disallow the communication/processing, hence the error is never
propagated to application level. In contrast, TCP/IP network layer
delivers all the indistinguishable packets equally. Therefore, the
information-based distributed filer is desired to reduce failure in
resource-constrained nodes like sensors.
6. Information-based prioritized routing and Aggregation
Routing in WSANs is tightly coupled to the requirement of sensing
task as well as application. ICWSAN designs a content-based routing
which is closer to the application semantics to optimize the data
transport and information aggregation. The content becomes
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transparently from the view point of clients, service discovery and
routing, thus reduce overhead in HTTP-CoAP translation process at
proxy nodes. In ICWSAN, information can be recognized in the
network layer which is valuable to implement a content-based
prioritized routing policy to meet different requirements of
information dissemination (e.g. an emergency event type or a
periodic sensing report). The content based aggregation help improve
the quality of information while minimizing the communication (e.g.
temperature data could be recognized and aggregate together before
sending to a temperature sink node or an actor node).
7. Semantic Coordination and Collaboration
One of the main ideas of ICWSAN is to base sensors/actors
collaboration decision on content which is to build cooperative
distributed WSAN environments where autonomous objects (including
information objects and network entities) can be discovered,
queried, coordinated automatically without a need of a central
control. ICWSAN implements a high-level abstraction for integration
of sensor networks with actors (e.g. mobile robots, vehicles).
Sensors could execute cooperative sensing, processing, and
organizing themselves to produce and retrieve the information
required by sink/actor node while minimizing the number of
transmitted messages. For example, in a heterogeneous wireless
sensor and actor network environment with multiple types of sensor,
actor and sink nodes existing in the same space, a temperature
sensor could self-coordinate to report its sensing data to a
temperature sink node (not another type of sink node) without a need
of sink node discovery; or a fire fighter (e.g. actors or robots)
could express its interest with a key word "temp-xxx" to collect
temperature data from any or all temperature in a fired area without
care of specific address of each node; the actors could also self-
coordinate to collaborate together to extinguish fires. In
addition, cooperative caching ensures sharing sensing information
among nodes to not only reduce number of communications but also
support indirect query in case of sleeping node; for instant, when a
node wakes up, it could retrieve configuration/notification message
cached in neighbor nodes; in other hand, a node also could
disseminate its sensing information to be cached in its neighbors
and fall to a sleep mode; a request for the sensing data from this
node could be retrieved indirectly from a cache holder or
asynchronously by interest message caching.
Scenarios in this category include opened topics which are also
discussed for future works.
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8. Security Considerations
9. IANA Considerations
10. Acknowledgments
11. References
11.1. Normative References
11.2. Informative References
[RFC4919] N., Kushalnagar., Montenegro, G., and C. Schumacher," IPv6
over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks
(6LoWPANs):Overview, Assumptions, Problem Statement, and
Goals", RFC4919, February 2007.
[ICWSAN] Ngoc-Thanh Dinh and Younghan Kim, "Potential of
Information-Centric Wireless Sensor and Actor Networking,"
Proc. COMMANTEL, January 2013
[CCN] Jacobson, V. et al., "Networking Named Content", Proc. CoNEXT.
ACM, 2009.
Authors' Addresses
Ngoc-Thanh Dinh
Soongsil University
HuyngnamEnginerring Building 424,SoongsilUniv,Sangdo-do,Dongjak-Gu,
Seoul, Korea 156-743
Phone: 00828200841
Email: ngocthanhdinh@dcn.ssu.ac.kr
Younghan Kim
Soongsil University
HuyngnamEnginerring Building 424,SoongsilUniv,Sangdo-do,Dongjak-Gu,
Seoul, Korea 156-743
Phone: 00828200841
Email: younghak@ssu.ac.kr
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