One document matched: draft-banerjee-flowlabel-ipv6-qos-00.ps-234391.txt
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Title: (\376\377)
%%Version: 1 2
%%Creator: (\376\377)
%%CreationDate: (D:20020203011845)
%%For: (\376\377)
%%DocumentData: Clean7Bit
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%%Pages: 24
%%DocumentProcessColors: Cyan Magenta Yellow Black
%%DocumentNeededResources: (atend)
%%DocumentSuppliedResources:
%%+ procset (Adobe Acrobat - PDF operators) 1.2 0
%%+ procset (Adobe Acrobat - type operators) 1.2 0
%%EndComments
%%BeginDefaults
%%EndDefaults
%%BeginProlog
%%EndProlog
%%BeginSetup
/currentpacking where{pop currentpacking true setpacking}if
%%BeginResource: procset pdfvars
%%Copyright: Copyright 1987-1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
%%Version: 4.0 2
%%Title: definition of dictionary of variables used by PDF & PDFText procsets
userdict /PDF 160 dict put
userdict /PDFVars 86 dict dup begin put
/_save 0 def
/_cshow 0 def
/InitAll 0 def
/TermAll 0 def
/DocInitAll 0 def
/DocTermAll 0 def
/_lp /none def
/_doClip 0 def
/sfc 0 def
/_sfcs 0 def
/_sfc 0 def
/ssc 0 def
/_sscs 0 def
/_ssc 0 def
/_fcs 0 def
/_scs 0 def
/_fp 0 def
/_sp 0 def
/AGM_MAX_CS_COMPONENTS 10 def
/_fillColors [ 0 1 AGM_MAX_CS_COMPONENTS { array } for ] def
/_strokeColors [ 0 1 AGM_MAX_CS_COMPONENTS { array } for ] def
/_fc null def
/_sc null def
/DefaultGray [/DeviceGray] def
/DefaultRGB [/DeviceRGB] def
/DefaultCMYK [/DeviceCMYK] def
/_inT false def
/_tr -1 def
/_rise 0 def
/_ax 0 def
/_cx 0 def
/_ld 0 def
/_tm matrix def
/_ctm matrix def
/_mtx matrix def
/_hy (-) def
/_fScl 0 def
/_hs 1 def
/_pdfEncodings 2 array def
/_baselineadj 0 def
/_fTzero false def
/_Tj 0 def
/_italMtx [1 0 .212557 1 0 0] def
/_italMtx_WMode1 [1 -.212557 0 1 0 0] def
/_italMtxType0 [1 0 .1062785 1 0 0] def
/_italMtx_WMode1Type0 [1 -.1062785 0 1 0 0] def
/_basefont 0 def
/_basefonto 0 def
/_pdf_oldCIDInit null def
/_pdf_FontDirectory 30 dict def
/_categories 10 dict def
/_sa? true def
/_op? false def
/_OP? false def
/_opmode 0 def
/_ColorSep5044? false def
/_tmpcolr? [] def
/_tmpop? {} def
/_processColors 0 def
/_defaulttransfer currenttransfer def
/_defaultflatness currentflat def
/_defaulthalftone null def
/_defaultcolortransfer null def
/_defaultblackgeneration null def
/_defaultundercolorremoval null def
/_defaultcolortransfer null def
end
%%EndResource
PDFVars begin PDF begin
%%BeginResource: procset pdfutil
%%Copyright: Copyright 1993-1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
%%Version: 4.0 2
%%Title: Basic utilities used by other PDF procsets
/bd {bind def} bind def
/ld {load def} bd
/bld {
dup length dict begin
{ null def } forall
bind
end
def
} bd
/dd { PDFVars 3 1 roll put } bd
/xdd { exch dd } bd
/Level2?
systemdict /languagelevel known
{ systemdict /languagelevel get 2 ge } { false } ifelse
def
/Level3?
systemdict /languagelevel known
{systemdict /languagelevel get 3 eq } { false } ifelse
def
/getifknown {
2 copy known { get true } { pop pop false } ifelse
} bd
/here {
currentdict exch getifknown
} bd
/isdefined? { where { pop true } { false } ifelse } bd
/StartLoad { dup dup not { /_save save dd } if } bd
/EndLoad { if not { _save restore } if } bd
%%EndResource
%%BeginResource: l2compat
%%Copyright: Copyright 1987-1993 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
/cshow isdefined? not StartLoad {
/cshow {
exch /_cshow xdd
{ 0 0 _cshow exec } forall
} bd
} EndLoad
/setcmykcolor isdefined? not StartLoad {
/setcmykcolor {
1 sub 4 1 roll
3 {
3 index add neg dup 0 lt { pop 0 } if
3 1 roll
} repeat
setrgbcolor
pop
} bd
} EndLoad
/rectclip isdefined? not StartLoad {
/re 0 def
/rectclip { newpath re clip newpath } bd
} EndLoad
/execform isdefined? not StartLoad {
/execform {
gsave dup begin
Matrix concat
BBox aload pop
exch 3 index sub
exch 2 index sub
rectclip
PaintProc end grestore
} def
} EndLoad
/sethalftone isdefined? not StartLoad {
/sethalftone {
begin
HalftoneType 1 eq
{ Frequency Angle /SpotFunction load setscreen }
if
end
} bd
} EndLoad
%%EndResource
%%BeginResource: procset pdf
%%Version: 4.0 3
%%Copyright: Copyright 1998-1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
%%Title: General operators for PDF, common to all Language Levels.
[/b/B/b*/B*/BDC/BI/BMC/BT/BX/c/cm/cs/CS/d/d0/d1/Do/DP/EI/EMC/ET/EX/f/f*/g/G/gs
/h/i/j/J/k/K/l/m/M/MP/n/q/Q/re/rg/RG/ri/s/S/sc/SC/scn/SCN/sg/Tc/Td/TD/Tf/Tj/TJ
/TL/Tm/Tr/Ts/Tw/Tz/T*/v/w/W/W*/y/'/"
/applyInterpFunc/applystitchFunc/domainClip/EF/encodeInput/gsDI/ilp/icl
/initgs/int/limit/PS/rangeClip/RC/rf/makePat/csfamily
/? /! /| /: /+ /GetGlyphDirectory
] {null def} bind forall
/v { currentpoint 6 2 roll c } bd
/y { 2 copy c } bd
/h/closepath ld
/d/setdash ld
/j/setlinejoin ld
/J/setlinecap ld
/M/setmiterlimit ld
/w/setlinewidth ld
/i {
dup 0 eq { pop _defaultflatness } if
setflat
} bd
/gsDI {
begin
/OP here { /_OP? xdd } if
/op here { /_op? xdd }
{ /OP here { /_op? xdd } if }
ifelse
/OPM here { /_opmode xdd } if
/Font here { aload pop Tf } if
/LW here { w } if
/LC here { J } if
/LJ here { j } if
/ML here { M } if
/D here { aload pop d } if
end
} bd
/ilp { /_lp /none dd } bd
/icl { /_doClip 0 dd } bd
/W { /_doClip 1 dd } bd
/W* { /_doClip 2 dd } bd
/n {
{{} {clip} {eoclip}} _doClip get exec
icl
newpath
} bd
/s { h S } bd
/B { q f Q S } bd
/B* { q f* Q S } bd
/b { h B } bd
/b* { h B* } bd
/q/save ld
/Q { restore ilp } bd
/GetCSFamily {
dup type /arraytype eq {0 get} if
} bd
/GetCompsDict
11 dict begin
/DeviceGray { pop 1 } bd
/DeviceRGB { pop 3 } bd
/DeviceCMYK { pop 4 } bd
/CIEBasedA { pop 1 } bd
/CIEBasedABC { pop 3 } bd
/CIEBasedDEF { pop 3 } bd
/CIEBasedDEFG { pop 4 } bd
/DeviceN { 1 get length } bd
/Separation { pop 1 } bd
/Indexed { pop 1 } bd
/Pattern { pop 0 } bd
currentdict
end
def
/GetComps {
GetCompsDict
1 index GetCSFamily
get exec
} bd
/cs
{
dup _fcs eq
{ pop }
{ dup /_fcs xdd
GetComps
_fillColors exch get
/_fc xdd
/_fp null dd
} ifelse
} bd
/CS
{
dup _scs eq
{ pop }
{ dup /_scs xdd GetComps _strokeColors exch get /_sc xdd /_sp null dd }
ifelse
} bd
/sc {
_fc astore pop
ilp
} bd
/SC {
_sc astore pop
ilp
} bd
/g { DefaultGray cs sc } bd
/rg { DefaultRGB cs sc } bd
/k { DefaultCMYK cs sc } bd
/G { DefaultGray CS SC } bd
/RG { DefaultRGB CS SC } bd
/K { DefaultCMYK CS SC } bd
/cm { _mtx astore concat } bd
/re {
4 2 roll m
1 index 0 rlineto
0 exch rlineto
neg 0 rlineto
h
} bd
/RC/rectclip ld
/EF/execform ld
/PS { cvx exec } bd
/initgs {
/DefaultGray [/DeviceGray] dd
/DefaultRGB [/DeviceRGB] dd
/DefaultCMYK [/DeviceCMYK] dd
0 g 0 G
[] 0 d
0 j
0 J
10 M
1 w
true setSA
/_op? false dd
/_OP? false dd
/_opmode 0 dd
/_defaulttransfer load settransfer
0 i
/RelativeColorimetric ri
newpath
} bd
/int {
dup 2 index sub 3 index 5 index sub div 6 -2 roll sub mul
exch pop add exch pop
} bd
/limit {
dup 2 index le { exch } if pop
dup 2 index ge { exch } if pop
} bd
/domainClip {
Domain aload pop 3 2 roll
limit
} [/Domain] bld
/applyInterpFunc {
0 1 DimOut 1 sub
{
dup C0 exch get exch
dup C1 exch get exch
3 1 roll
1 index sub
3 index
N exp mul add
exch
currentdict /Range_lo known
{
dup Range_lo exch get exch
Range_hi exch get
3 2 roll limit
}
{
pop
}
ifelse
exch
} for
pop
} [/DimOut /C0 /C1 /N /Range_lo /Range_hi] bld
/encodeInput {
NumParts 1 sub
0 1 2 index
{
dup Bounds exch get
2 index gt
{ exit }
{ dup
3 index eq
{ exit }
{ pop } ifelse
} ifelse
} for
3 2 roll pop
dup Bounds exch get exch
dup 1 add Bounds exch get exch
2 mul
dup Encode exch get exch
1 add Encode exch get
int
} [/NumParts /Bounds /Encode] bld
/rangeClip {
exch dup Range_lo exch get
exch Range_hi exch get
3 2 roll
limit
} [/Range_lo /Range_hi] bld
/applyStitchFunc {
Functions exch get exec
currentdict /Range_lo known {
0 1 DimOut 1 sub {
DimOut 1 add -1 roll
rangeClip
} for
} if
} [/Functions /Range_lo /DimOut] bld
%%EndResource
%%BeginResource: procset sep_ops
%%Version: 4.0 1
%%Copyright: Copyright 1987-1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
%%Title: Support for Separations in Level 1, following the conventions of Tech Note 5044
userdict /sep_ops 50 dict dup begin put
/bdef {bind def} bind def
/xdef {exch def} bdef
/colorimagebuffer {
0 1 2 index length 1 sub {
dup 2 index exch get 255 exch sub 2 index 3 1 roll put
} for
} bdef
/addprocs {
[ 3 1 roll
/exec load
dup 3 1 roll
] cvx
} bdef
/L1? {
systemdict /languagelevel known {
systemdict /languagelevel get 2 lt
}{
true
} ifelse
} bdef
/colorexists {
statusdict /processcolors known {
statusdict /processcolors get exec
}{
/deviceinfo where {
pop deviceinfo /Colors known {
deviceinfo /Colors get
statusdict /processcolors {
deviceinfo /Colors known {
deviceinfo /Colors get
}{
1
} ifelse
} put
}{
1
} ifelse
}{
1
} ifelse
} ifelse
1 gt
} bdef
/colorplate colorexists { 0 } { 5 } ifelse def
/negativecolorplate false def
/setcmykcolor where {
pop
gsave
1 0 0 0 setcmykcolor systemdict /currentgray get exec 1 exch sub
0 1 0 0 setcmykcolor systemdict /currentgray get exec 1 exch sub
0 0 1 0 setcmykcolor systemdict /currentgray get exec 1 exch sub
0 0 0 1 setcmykcolor systemdict /currentgray get exec 1 exch sub
4 {4 copy} repeat
grestore
1 dict begin
/foureq {
4 index eq 8 1 roll
4 index eq 8 1 roll
4 index eq 8 1 roll
4 index eq 8 1 roll
pop pop pop pop and and and
} def
1 0 0 0 foureq {/colorplate 1 store} if
0 1 0 0 foureq {/colorplate 2 store} if
0 0 1 0 foureq {/colorplate 3 store} if
0 0 0 1 foureq {/colorplate 4 store} if
0 0 0 0 foureq {/colorplate 6 store} if
end
} if
0 systemdict /currenttransfer get exec exec
1 systemdict /currenttransfer get exec exec
2 copy
eq
{
/colorplate 6 store
pop
/negativecolorplate exch 0.5 lt store
}
{
gt /negativecolorplate exch store
}
ifelse
/findcmykcustomcolor where { pop }
{
/findcmykcustomcolor {
[ 6 1 roll ] readonly
} bdef
} ifelse
/setoverprint where {
pop
}{
/setoverprint {
pop
} bdef
} ifelse
/setcustomcolor where {
pop
}{
L1? {
/setcustomcolor {
exch
aload pop pop
4 { 4 index mul 4 1 roll } repeat
5 -1 roll pop
setcmykcolor
} bdef
}{
/setcustomcolor {
exch
[ exch /Separation exch dup 4 get exch /DeviceCMYK exch
0 4 getinterval
[ exch /dup load exch cvx {mul exch dup}
/forall load /pop load dup] cvx
] setcolorspace setcolor
} bdef
} ifelse
} ifelse
/ik 0 def
/iy 0 def
/im 0 def
/ic 0 def
/imagetint {
ic .3 mul
im .59 mul
iy .11 mul
ik add add add dup
1 gt {pop 1} if
} bdef
/setcmykcolor where {
pop
}{
/setcmykcolor {
/ik xdef /iy xdef /im xdef /ic xdef
imagetint
1 exch sub setgray
} bdef
} ifelse
/customcolorimage where {
pop
}{
L1? {
/customcolorimage{
gsave
colorexists {
aload pop pop
/ik xdef /iy xdef /im xdef /ic xdef
currentcolortransfer
{ik mul ik sub 1 add} addprocs
4 1 roll {iy mul iy sub 1 add} addprocs
4 1 roll {im mul im sub 1 add} addprocs
4 1 roll {ic mul ic sub 1 add} addprocs
4 1 roll setcolortransfer
/magentabuf 0 string def
/yellowbuf 0 string def
/blackbuf 0 string def
{
colorimagebuffer dup length magentabuf length ne
{
dup length dup dup
/magentabuf exch string def
/yellowbuf exch string def
/blackbuf exch string def
} if
dup magentabuf copy yellowbuf copy
blackbuf copy pop
} addprocs
{magentabuf}{yellowbuf}{blackbuf} true 4 colorimage
}{
aload pop pop /ik xdef /iy xdef /im xdef /ic xdef /tint
imagetint def
currenttransfer
{tint mul 1 tint sub add} addprocs settransfer image
} ifelse
grestore
} bdef
}{
/customcolorimage {
gsave
[ exch /Separation exch dup 4 get exch /DeviceCMYK exch
0 4 getinterval
[ exch /dup load exch cvx {mul exch dup}
/forall load /pop load dup] cvx
] setcolorspace
10 dict begin
/ImageType 1 def
/DataSource exch def
/ImageMatrix exch def
/BitsPerComponent exch def
/Height exch def
/Width exch def
/Decode [1 0] def
currentdict end
image
grestore
} bdef
} ifelse
} ifelse
/setseparationgray where {
pop
}{
L1? {
/setseparationgray { 1 exch sub dup dup dup setcmykcolor } bdef
}{
/setseparationgray {
[/Separation /All /DeviceCMYK {dup dup dup}] setcolorspace
1 exch sub setcolor
} bdef
} ifelse
} ifelse
/separationimage where { pop }
{
/separationimage {
gsave
1 1 1 1 (All)
findcmykcustomcolor customcolorimage
grestore
} bdef
} ifelse
currentdict readonly pop end
%%EndResource
%%BeginResource: procset pdflev15044
%%Version: 4.0 5
%%Copyright: Copyright 1987-1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
%%LanguageLevel: 1
%%Title: PDF operators, Level 1, with emulated separations (TN 5044)
/_ColorSep5044? true dd
/_defaulthalftone
/currenthalftone where
{ pop currenthalftone }
{ 4 dict dup begin
currentscreen
/SpotFunction exch def
/Angle exch def
/Frequency exch def
/HalftoneType 1 def
end }
ifelse
dd
/currentcolortransfer where
{ pop /_defaultcolortransfer [ currentcolortransfer ] dd }
{ /setcolortransfer {
settransfer pop pop pop
} bd
/_defaultcolortransfer [currenttransfer dup dup dup] dd
}
ifelse
/initialize {
sep_ops begin
50 dict begin
_defaulthalftone sethalftone
} bd
/terminate {
end end
} bd
/pl {
transform
0.25 sub round 0.25 add exch
0.25 sub round 0.25 add exch
itransform
} bd
/m { _sa? { pl } if moveto } bd
/l { _sa? { pl } if lineto } bd
/c { _sa? { pl } if curveto } bd
/setSA { /_sa? xdd } bd
/AlmostFull?
{ dup maxlength exch length sub 2 le
} bd
/Expand
{ 1 index maxlength mul cvi dict
dup begin exch { def } forall end
} bd
/xput
{ 3 2 roll
dup 3 index known not
{ dup AlmostFull? { 1.5 Expand } if
} if
dup 4 2 roll put
} bd
/defineRes
{ _categories 1 index known not
{ /_categories _categories 2 index 10 dict xput store
} if
_categories exch 2 copy get 5 -1 roll 4 index xput put
} bd
/findRes {
_categories exch get exch get
} bd
/ri/pop ld
/L1setcolor {
aload length
dup 0 eq
{ pop .5 setgray }
{ dup 1 eq
{ pop setgray }
{ 3 eq
{ setrgbcolor }
{ setcmykcolor }
ifelse }
ifelse }
ifelse
} bind dd
/_sfcs { } dd
/_sscs { } dd
/scn { sc } bd
/SCN { SC } bd
/rf {re f} bd
/concattransferfuncs {
[ 3 1 roll /exec load exch /exec load ] cvx
} bd
/concatandsettransfer {
/_defaulttransfer load concattransferfuncs settransfer
} bd
/concatandsetcolortransfer {
colorplate 0 eq
{
_defaultcolortransfer aload pop
8 -1 roll 5 -1 roll concattransferfuncs 7 1 roll
6 -1 roll 4 -1 roll concattransferfuncs 5 1 roll
4 -1 roll 3 -1 roll concattransferfuncs 3 1 roll
concattransferfuncs
setcolortransfer
} if
colorplate 1 ge colorplate 4 le and
{
4 colorplate sub index 4 { exch pop } repeat
concatandsettransfer
} if
colorplate 5 ge
{
0 index 4 { exch pop } repeat
concatandsettransfer
} if
} bd
/tn5044sethalftone
{
begin
HalftoneType 5 eq
{ [/Default /Cyan /Magenta /Yellow /Black /Default /Default /Default]
colorplate get
here not {
/Default here not { currentdict } if
} if
}
{ currentdict }
ifelse
end
begin
/TransferFunction here
{
concatandsettransfer
currentdict dup length dict
begin
{
1 index /TransferFunction ne { def } { pop pop } ifelse
} forall
currentdict
end
}
{
currentdict
} ifelse
end
sethalftone
} bd
/gs
{
begin
/SA here { /_sa? xdd } if
/TR here
{
dup xcheck
{ concatandsettransfer }
{ aload pop concatandsetcolortransfer }
ifelse
} if
/HT here { tn5044sethalftone } if
/FL here { i } if
currentdict gsDI
end
} bd
/csfamily {
dup type /arraytype eq { 0 get } if
} bd
/_sfc
{
_fp null eq
{ _fcs type /arraytype eq
{_fcs 0 get /Separation eq
{
_fcs 1 get /All eq
{
_fc aload pop 1 exch sub
/setseparationgray where pop begin setseparationgray end
}
{ _fcs 2 get csfamily /DeviceCMYK eq
{
1 _fcs 3 get exec _fcs 1 get
/findcmykcustomcolor where pop begin findcmykcustomcolor end
_fc aload pop
/setcustomcolor where pop begin setcustomcolor end
}
{
_fc aload pop 1 exch sub setgray
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
}
{ _fc L1setcolor }
ifelse
}
{ _fc L1setcolor }
ifelse
}
{ _fc L1setcolor }
ifelse
} bind dd
/_ssc
{
_sp null eq
{ _scs type /arraytype eq
{_scs 0 get /Separation eq
{
_scs 1 get /All eq
{
_sc aload pop 1 exch sub
/setseparationgray where pop begin setseparationgray end
}
{ _scs 2 get csfamily /DeviceCMYK eq
{
1 _scs 3 get exec _scs 1 get
/findcmykcustomcolor where pop begin findcmykcustomcolor end
_sc aload pop
/setcustomcolor where pop begin setcustomcolor end
}
{_sc aload pop 1 exch sub setgray
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
}
{ _sc L1setcolor }
ifelse
}
{ _sc L1setcolor }
ifelse
}
{ _sc L1setcolor }
ifelse
} bind dd
/sfc {
_op? setoverprint
_lp /fill ne {
_sfcs
_sfc
/_lp /fill dd
} if
} dd
/ssc {
_OP? setoverprint
_lp /stroke ne {
_sscs
_ssc
/_lp /stroke dd
} if
} dd
/f {
{ { sfc fill }
{gsave sfc fill grestore clip newpath icl ilp}
{gsave sfc fill grestore eoclip newpath icl ilp}
} _doClip get exec
} bd
/f* {
{ { sfc eofill }
{gsave sfc eofill grestore clip newpath icl ilp}
{gsave sfc eofill grestore eoclip newpath icl ilp}
} _doClip get exec
} bd
/S {
{ { ssc stroke }
{gsave ssc stroke grestore clip newpath icl ilp}
{gsave ssc stroke grestore eoclip newpath icl ilp}
} _doClip get exec
} bd
/rf {re f} bd
%%EndResource
%%BeginResource: procset pdftext
%%Version: 4.0 2
%%Copyright: Copyright 1987-1998 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
%%Title: Text operators for PDF
PDF /PDFText 75 dict dup begin put
/docinitialize
{
/resourcestatus where {
pop
/CIDParams /ProcSet resourcestatus {
pop pop
false /CIDParams /ProcSet findresource /SetBuildCompatible get exec
} if
} if
PDF begin
PDFText /_pdfDefineIdentity-H known
{ PDFText /_pdfDefineIdentity-H get exec}
if
end
} bd
/initialize {
PDFText begin
/_intT false dd
0 Tr
} bd
/terminate { end } bd
/_safeput
{
Level2? not
{
2 index load dup dup length exch maxlength ge
{ dup length 5 add dict copy
3 index xdd
}
{ pop }
ifelse
}
if
3 -1 roll load 3 1 roll put
}
bd
/pdf_has_composefont? systemdict /composefont known def
/CopyFont {
{
1 index /FID ne 2 index /UniqueID ne and
{ def } { pop pop } ifelse
} forall
} bd
/Type0CopyFont
{
exch
dup length dict
begin
CopyFont
[
exch
FDepVector
{
dup /FontType get 0 eq
{
1 index Type0CopyFont
/_pdfType0 exch definefont
}
{
/_pdfBaseFont exch
2 index exec
}
ifelse
exch
}
forall
pop
]
/FDepVector exch def
currentdict
end
} bd
/cHexEncoding
[/c00/c01/c02/c03/c04/c05/c06/c07/c08/c09/c0A/c0B/c0C/c0D/c0E/c0F/c10/c11/c12
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/c5F/c60/c61/c62/c63/c64/c65/c66/c67/c68/c69/c6A/c6B/c6C/c6D/c6E/c6F/c70/c71
/c72/c73/c74/c75/c76/c77/c78/c79/c7A/c7B/c7C/c7D/c7E/c7F/c80/c81/c82/c83/c84
/c85/c86/c87/c88/c89/c8A/c8B/c8C/c8D/c8E/c8F/c90/c91/c92/c93/c94/c95/c96/c97
/c98/c99/c9A/c9B/c9C/c9D/c9E/c9F/cA0/cA1/cA2/cA3/cA4/cA5/cA6/cA7/cA8/cA9/cAA
/cAB/cAC/cAD/cAE/cAF/cB0/cB1/cB2/cB3/cB4/cB5/cB6/cB7/cB8/cB9/cBA/cBB/cBC/cBD
/cBE/cBF/cC0/cC1/cC2/cC3/cC4/cC5/cC6/cC7/cC8/cC9/cCA/cCB/cCC/cCD/cCE/cCF/cD0
/cD1/cD2/cD3/cD4/cD5/cD6/cD7/cD8/cD9/cDA/cDB/cDC/cDD/cDE/cDF/cE0/cE1/cE2/cE3
/cE4/cE5/cE6/cE7/cE8/cE9/cEA/cEB/cEC/cED/cEE/cEF/cF0/cF1/cF2/cF3/cF4/cF5/cF6
/cF7/cF8/cF9/cFA/cFB/cFC/cFD/cFE/cFF] def
/modEnc {
/_enc xdd
/_icode 0 dd
counttomark 1 sub -1 0
{
index
dup type /nametype eq
{
_enc _icode 3 -1 roll put
_icode 1 add
}
if
/_icode xdd
} for
cleartomark
_enc
} bd
/trEnc {
/_enc xdd
255 -1 0 {
exch dup -1 eq
{ pop /.notdef }
{ Encoding exch get }
ifelse
_enc 3 1 roll put
} for
pop
_enc
} bd
/TE {
/_i xdd
StandardEncoding 256 array copy modEnc
_pdfEncodings exch _i exch put
} bd
/TZ
{
/_usePDFEncoding xdd
findfont
dup length 6 add dict
begin
{
1 index /FID ne { def } { pop pop } ifelse
} forall
/pdf_origFontName FontName def
/FontName exch def
_usePDFEncoding 0 ge
{
/Encoding _pdfEncodings _usePDFEncoding get def
pop
}
{
_usePDFEncoding -1 eq
{
counttomark 0 eq
{ pop }
{
Encoding 256 array copy
modEnc /Encoding exch def
}
ifelse
}
{
256 array
trEnc /Encoding exch def
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
pdf_EuroProcSet pdf_origFontName known
{
pdf_origFontName pdf_AddEuroGlyphProc
} if
FontName currentdict
end
definefont pop
}
bd
/Level2?
systemdict /languagelevel known
{systemdict /languagelevel get 2 ge}
{false}
ifelse
def
Level2?
{
/_pdfFontStatus
{
currentglobal exch
/Font resourcestatus
{pop pop true}
{false}
ifelse
exch setglobal
} bd
}
{
/_pdfFontStatusString 50 string def
_pdfFontStatusString 0 (fonts/) putinterval
/_pdfFontStatus
{
FontDirectory 1 index known
{ pop true }
{
_pdfFontStatusString 6 42 getinterval
cvs length 6 add
_pdfFontStatusString exch 0 exch getinterval
{ status } stopped
{pop false}
{
{ pop pop pop pop true}
{ false }
ifelse
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
} bd
}
ifelse
Level2?
{
/_pdfCIDFontStatus
{
/CIDFont /Category resourcestatus
{
pop pop
/CIDFont resourcestatus
{pop pop true}
{false}
ifelse
}
{ pop false }
ifelse
} bd
}
if
/_pdfString100 100 string def
/_pdfComposeFontName
{
dup length 1 eq
{
0 get
1 index
type /nametype eq
{
_pdfString100 cvs
length dup dup _pdfString100 exch (-) putinterval
_pdfString100 exch 1 add dup _pdfString100 length exch sub getinterval
2 index exch cvs length
add 1 add _pdfString100 exch 0 exch getinterval
exch pop
true
}
{
pop pop
false
}
ifelse
}
{
false
}
ifelse
dup {exch cvn exch} if
} bd
/_pdfConcatNames
{
exch
_pdfString100 cvs
length dup dup _pdfString100 exch (-) putinterval
_pdfString100 exch 1 add dup _pdfString100 length exch sub getinterval
3 -1 roll exch cvs length
add 1 add _pdfString100 exch 0 exch getinterval
cvn
} bind def
/_pdfTextTempString 50 string def
/_pdfRegOrderingArray [(Adobe-Japan1) (Adobe-CNS1) (Adobe-Korea1) (Adobe-GB1)] def
/_pdf_CheckSupplements
{
1 index _pdfTextTempString cvs
false
_pdfRegOrderingArray
{
2 index exch
anchorsearch
{ pop pop pop true exit}
{ pop }
ifelse
}
forall
exch pop
{
/CIDFont findresource
/CIDSystemInfo get /Supplement get
exch /CMap findresource
/CIDSystemInfo get
dup type /dicttype eq
{/Supplement get}
{pop 0 }
ifelse
ge
}
{ pop pop true }
ifelse
} bind def
pdf_has_composefont?
{
/_pdfComposeFont
{
2 copy _pdfComposeFontName not
{
2 index
}
if
(pdf) exch _pdfConcatNames
dup _pdfFontStatus
{ dup findfont 5 2 roll pop pop pop true}
{
4 1 roll
1 index /CMap resourcestatus
{
pop pop
true
}
{false}
ifelse
1 index true exch
{
_pdfCIDFontStatus not
{pop false exit}
if
}
forall
and
{
1 index 1 index 0 get _pdf_CheckSupplements
{
3 -1 roll pop
2 index 3 1 roll
composefont true
}
{
pop pop exch pop false
}
ifelse
}
{
_pdfComposeFontName
{
dup _pdfFontStatus
{
exch pop
1 index exch
findfont definefont true
}
{
pop exch pop
false
}
ifelse
}
{
exch pop
false
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
{ true }
{
dup _pdfFontStatus
{ dup findfont true }
{ pop false }
ifelse
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
} bd
}
{
/_pdfComposeFont
{
_pdfComposeFontName not
{
dup
}
if
dup
_pdfFontStatus
{exch pop dup findfont true}
{
1 index
dup type /nametype eq
{pop}
{cvn}
ifelse
eq
{pop false}
{
dup _pdfFontStatus
{dup findfont true}
{pop false}
ifelse
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
} bd
}
ifelse
/_pdfStyleDicts 4 dict dup begin
/Adobe-Japan1 4 dict dup begin
Level2?
{
/Serif
/HeiseiMin-W3-83pv-RKSJ-H _pdfFontStatus
{/HeiseiMin-W3}
{
/HeiseiMin-W3 _pdfCIDFontStatus
{/HeiseiMin-W3}
{/Ryumin-Light}
ifelse
}
ifelse
def
/SansSerif
/HeiseiKakuGo-W5-83pv-RKSJ-H _pdfFontStatus
{/HeiseiKakuGo-W5}
{
/HeiseiKakuGo-W5 _pdfCIDFontStatus
{/HeiseiKakuGo-W5}
{/GothicBBB-Medium}
ifelse
}
ifelse
def
/HeiseiMaruGo-W4-83pv-RKSJ-H _pdfFontStatus
{/HeiseiMaruGo-W4}
{
/HeiseiMaruGo-W4 _pdfCIDFontStatus
{/HeiseiMaruGo-W4}
{
/Jun101-Light-RKSJ-H _pdfFontStatus
{ /Jun101-Light }
{ SansSerif }
ifelse
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
/RoundSansSerif exch def
/Default Serif def
}
{
/Serif /Ryumin-Light def
/SansSerif /GothicBBB-Medium def
{
(fonts/Jun101-Light-83pv-RKSJ-H) status
}stopped
{pop}{
{ pop pop pop pop /Jun101-Light }
{ SansSerif }
ifelse
/RoundSansSerif exch def
}ifelse
/Default Serif def
}
ifelse
end
def
/Adobe-Korea1 4 dict dup begin
/Serif /HYSMyeongJo-Medium def
/SansSerif /HYGoThic-Medium def
/RoundSansSerif SansSerif def
/Default Serif def
end
def
/Adobe-GB1 4 dict dup begin
/Serif /STSong-Light def
/SansSerif /STHeiti-Regular def
/RoundSansSerif SansSerif def
/Default Serif def
end
def
/Adobe-CNS1 4 dict dup begin
/Serif /MKai-Medium def
/SansSerif /MHei-Medium def
/RoundSansSerif SansSerif def
/Default Serif def
end
def
end
def
/TZzero
{
/_fyAdj xdd
/_wmode xdd
/_styleArr xdd
/_regOrdering xdd
3 copy
_pdfComposeFont
{
5 2 roll pop pop pop
}
{
[
0 1 _styleArr length 1 sub
{
_styleArr exch get
_pdfStyleDicts _regOrdering 2 copy known
{
get
exch 2 copy known not
{ pop /Default }
if
get
}
{
pop pop pop /Unknown
}
ifelse
}
for
]
exch pop
2 index 3 1 roll
_pdfComposeFont
{3 -1 roll pop}
{
findfont dup /FontName get exch
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
dup /WMode 2 copy known
{ get _wmode ne }
{ pop pop _wmode 1 eq}
ifelse
_fyAdj 0 ne or
{
exch _wmode _pdfConcatNames _fyAdj _pdfConcatNames
dup _pdfFontStatus
{ exch pop dup findfont false}
{ exch true }
ifelse
}
{
dup /FontType get 0 ne
}
ifelse
{
dup /FontType get 3 eq _wmode 1 eq and
{
_pdfVerticalRomanT3Font dup length 10 add dict copy
begin
/_basefont exch
dup length 3 add dict
begin
{1 index /FID ne {def}{pop pop} ifelse }
forall
/Encoding Encoding dup length array copy
dup 16#27 /quotesingle put
dup 16#60 /grave put
_regOrdering /Adobe-Japan1 eq
{dup 16#5c /yen put dup 16#a5 /yen put dup 16#b4 /yen put}
if
def
FontName
currentdict
end
definefont
def
/Encoding _basefont /Encoding get def
/_fauxfont true def
}
{
dup length 3 add dict
begin
{1 index /FID ne {def}{pop pop} ifelse }
forall
FontType 0 ne
{
/Encoding Encoding dup length array copy
dup 16#27 /quotesingle put
dup 16#60 /grave put
_regOrdering /Adobe-Japan1 eq
{dup 16#5c /yen put}
if
def
/_fauxfont true def
} if
} ifelse
/WMode _wmode def
/BaseLineAdj _fyAdj def
dup dup /FontName exch def
currentdict
end
definefont pop
}
{
pop
}
ifelse
/_pdf_FontDirectory 3 1 roll _safeput
}
bd
/swj {
dup 4 1 roll
dup length exch stringwidth
exch 5 -1 roll 3 index mul add
4 1 roll 3 1 roll mul add
6 2 roll /_cnt 0 dd
{1 index eq {/_cnt _cnt 1 add dd} if} forall pop
exch _cnt mul exch _cnt mul 2 index add 4 1 roll 2 index add 4 1 roll pop pop
} bd
/jss {
4 1 roll
{
pop pop
(0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put
gsave
exch false charpath currentpoint
5 index setmatrix stroke
3 -1 roll
32 eq
{
moveto
5 index 5 index rmoveto currentpoint
}
if
grestore
moveto
2 copy rmoveto
} exch cshow
6 {pop} repeat
} def
/jsfTzero {
{
pop pop
(0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put
exch show
32 eq
{
4 index 4 index rmoveto
}
if
2 copy rmoveto
} exch cshow
5 {pop} repeat
} def
/jsp
{
{
pop pop
(0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put
32 eq
dup {currentfont /Encoding get dup length 33 ge
{32 get /space eq and}{pop}ifelse
}if
{ exch 5 index 5 index 5 index 5 -1 roll widthshow }
{ false charpath }
ifelse
2 copy rmoveto
} exch cshow
5 {pop} repeat
} bd
/trj { _cx 0 fWModeProc 32 _ax 0 fWModeProc 6 5 roll } bd
/pjsf { trj sfc fawidthshowProc } bd
/pjss { trj _ctm ssc jss } bd
/pjsc { trj jsp } bd
/_Tjdef [
/pjsf load
/pjss load
{
dup
currentpoint 3 2 roll
pjsf
newpath moveto
pjss
} bind
{
trj swj rmoveto
} bind
{
dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave
pjsf
grestore 3 1 roll moveto
pjsc
} bind
{
dup currentpoint 4 2 roll
currentpoint gsave newpath moveto
pjss
grestore 3 1 roll moveto
pjsc
} bind
{
dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave
dup currentpoint 3 2 roll
pjsf
newpath moveto
pjss
grestore 3 1 roll moveto
pjsc
} bind
/pjsc load
] def
/BT
{
/_inT true dd
_ctm currentmatrix pop matrix _tm copy pop
0 _rise _baselineadj add translate _hs 1 scale
0 0 moveto
} bd
/ET
{
/_inT false dd
_tr 3 gt {clip} if
_ctm setmatrix newpath
} bd
/Tr {
_inT { _tr 3 le {currentpoint newpath moveto} if } if
dup /_tr xdd
_Tjdef exch get /_Tj xdd
} bd
/Tj {
userdict /$$copystring 2 index put
_Tj
} bd
/iTm { _ctm setmatrix _tm concat 0 _rise _baselineadj add translate _hs 1 scale } bd
/Tm { _tm astore pop iTm 0 0 moveto } bd
/Td { _mtx translate _tm _tm concatmatrix pop iTm 0 0 moveto } bd
/TD { dup /_ld xdd Td } bd
/_nullProc {} bd
/Tf {
dup 1000 div /_fScl xdd
_pdf_FontDirectory 2 index 2 copy known
{get exch 3 -1 roll pop}
{pop pop}
ifelse
Level2?
{ selectfont }
{ exch findfont exch scalefont setfont}
ifelse
currentfont dup
/_nullProc exch
/WMode known
{
1 index /WMode get 1 eq
{pop /exch}
if
}
if
load /fWModeProc xdd
dup
/FontType get 0 eq dup _cx 0 ne and
{ /jsfTzero }
{ /awidthshow }
ifelse
load /fawidthshowProc xdd
/_fTzero xdd
dup /BaseLineAdj known
{ dup /BaseLineAdj get _fScl mul }
{ 0 }
ifelse
/_baselineadj xdd
dup /_pdfT3Font known
{ 0 }
{_tr}
ifelse
_Tjdef exch get /_Tj xdd
_intT
{currentpoint iTm moveto}
if
pop
} bd
/TL { neg /_ld xdd } bd
/Tw {
/_cx xdd
_cx 0 ne _fTzero and
{ /jsfTzero }
{ /awidthshow }
ifelse
load /fawidthshowProc xdd
} bd
/Tc { /_ax xdd } bd
/Ts { /_rise xdd currentpoint iTm moveto } bd
/Tz { 100 div /_hs xdd iTm } bd
/Tk { exch pop _fScl mul neg 0 fWModeProc rmoveto } bd
/T* { 0 _ld Td } bd
/' { T* Tj } bd
/" { exch Tc exch Tw ' } bd
/TJ {
{
dup type /stringtype eq
{ Tj }
{ 0 exch Tk }
ifelse
} forall
} bd
/T- { _hy Tj } bd
/d0/setcharwidth ld
/d1 { setcachedevice /sfc{}dd /ssc{}dd } bd
/nND {{/.notdef} repeat} bd
/T3Defs {
/BuildChar
{
1 index /Encoding get exch get
1 index /BuildGlyph get exec
}
def
/BuildGlyph {
exch begin
GlyphProcs exch get exec
end
} def
/_pdfT3Font true def
} bd
/_pdfBoldRomanWidthProc
{
stringwidth 1 index 0 ne { exch .03 add exch }if setcharwidth
0 0
} bd
/_pdfType0WidthProc
{
dup stringwidth 0 0 moveto
2 index true charpath pathbbox
0 -1
7 index 2 div .88
setcachedevice2
pop
0 0
} bd
/_pdfType0WMode1WidthProc
{
dup stringwidth
pop 2 div neg -0.88
2 copy
moveto
0 -1
5 -1 roll true charpath pathbbox
setcachedevice
} bd
/_pdfBoldBaseFont
11 dict begin
/FontType 3 def
/FontMatrix[1 0 0 1 0 0]def
/FontBBox[0 0 1 1]def
/Encoding cHexEncoding def
/_setwidthProc /_pdfBoldRomanWidthProc load def
/_bcstr1 1 string def
/BuildChar
{
exch begin
_basefont setfont
_bcstr1 dup 0 4 -1 roll put
dup
_setwidthProc
3 copy
moveto
show
_basefonto setfont
moveto
show
end
}bd
currentdict
end
def
pdf_has_composefont?
{
/_pdfBoldBaseCIDFont
11 dict begin
/CIDFontType 1 def
/CIDFontName /_pdfBoldBaseCIDFont def
/FontMatrix[1 0 0 1 0 0]def
/FontBBox[0 0 1 1]def
/_setwidthProc /_pdfType0WidthProc load def
/_bcstr2 2 string def
/BuildGlyph
{
exch begin
_basefont setfont
_bcstr2 1 2 index 256 mod put
_bcstr2 0 3 -1 roll 256 idiv put
_bcstr2 dup _setwidthProc
3 copy
moveto
show
_basefonto setfont
moveto
show
end
}bd
currentdict
end
def
/_pdfDefineIdentity-H
{
/Identity-H /CMap resourcestatus
{
pop pop
}
{
/CIDInit/ProcSet findresource begin 12 dict begin
begincmap
/CIDSystemInfo
3 dict begin
/Registry (Adobe) def
/Ordering (Identity) def
/Supplement 0 def
currentdict
end
def
/CMapName /Identity-H def
/CMapVersion 1 def
/CMapType 1 def
1 begincodespacerange
<0000> <ffff>
endcodespacerange
1 begincidrange
<0000> <ffff> 0
endcidrange
endcmap
CMapName currentdict/CMap defineresource pop
end
end
} ifelse
} def
} if
/_pdfVerticalRomanT3Font
10 dict begin
/FontType 3 def
/FontMatrix[1 0 0 1 0 0]def
/FontBBox[0 0 1 1]def
/_bcstr1 1 string def
/BuildChar
{
exch begin
_basefont setfont
_bcstr1 dup 0 4 -1 roll put
dup
_pdfType0WidthProc
moveto
show
end
}bd
currentdict
end
def
/MakeBoldFont
{
dup /ct_SyntheticBold known
{
dup length 3 add dict begin
CopyFont
/ct_StrokeWidth .03 0 FontMatrix idtransform pop def
/ct_SyntheticBold true def
currentdict
end
definefont
}
{
dup dup length 3 add dict
begin
CopyFont
/PaintType 2 def
/StrokeWidth .03 0 FontMatrix idtransform pop def
/dummybold currentdict
end
definefont
dup /FontType get dup 9 ge exch 11 le and
{
_pdfBoldBaseCIDFont
dup length 3 add dict copy begin
dup /CIDSystemInfo get /CIDSystemInfo exch def
/_Type0Identity /Identity-H 3 -1 roll [ exch ] composefont
/_basefont exch def
/_Type0Identity /Identity-H 3 -1 roll [ exch ] composefont
/_basefonto exch def
currentdict
end
/CIDFont defineresource
}
{
_pdfBoldBaseFont
dup length 3 add dict copy begin
/_basefont exch def
/_basefonto exch def
currentdict
end
definefont
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
} bd
/MakeBold {
1 index
_pdf_FontDirectory 2 index 2 copy known
{get}
{exch pop}
ifelse
findfont
dup
/FontType get 0 eq
{
dup /WMode known {dup /WMode get 1 eq }{false} ifelse
version length 4 ge
and
{version 0 4 getinterval cvi 2015 ge }
{true}
ifelse
{/_pdfType0WidthProc}
{/_pdfType0WMode1WidthProc}
ifelse
_pdfBoldBaseFont /_setwidthProc 3 -1 roll load put
{MakeBoldFont} Type0CopyFont definefont
}
{
dup /_fauxfont known not 1 index /SubstMaster known not and
{
_pdfBoldBaseFont /_setwidthProc /_pdfBoldRomanWidthProc load put
MakeBoldFont
}
{
2 index 2 index eq
{ exch pop }
{
dup length dict begin
CopyFont
currentdict
end
definefont
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
}
ifelse
pop pop
dup /dummybold ne
{/_pdf_FontDirectory exch dup _safeput }
{ pop }
ifelse
}bd
/MakeItalic {
_pdf_FontDirectory exch 2 copy known
{get}
{exch pop}
ifelse
dup findfont
dup /FontInfo 2 copy known
{
get
/ItalicAngle 2 copy known
{get 0 eq }
{ pop pop true}
ifelse
}
{ pop pop true}
ifelse
{
exch pop
dup /FontType get 0 eq Level2? not and
{ dup /FMapType get 6 eq }
{ false }
ifelse
{
dup /WMode 2 copy known
{
get 1 eq
{ _italMtx_WMode1Type0 }
{ _italMtxType0 }
ifelse
}
{ pop pop _italMtxType0 }
ifelse
}
{
dup /WMode 2 copy known
{
get 1 eq
{ _italMtx_WMode1 }
{ _italMtx }
ifelse
}
{ pop pop _italMtx }
ifelse
}
ifelse
makefont
dup /FontType get 42 eq Level2? not or
{
dup length dict begin
CopyFont
currentdict
end
}
if
1 index exch
definefont pop
/_pdf_FontDirectory exch dup _safeput
}
{
pop
2 copy ne
{
/_pdf_FontDirectory 3 1 roll _safeput
}
{ pop pop }
ifelse
}
ifelse
}bd
/MakeBoldItalic {
/dummybold exch
MakeBold
/dummybold
MakeItalic
}bd
Level2?
{
/pdf_CopyDict
{1 index length add dict copy}
def
}
{
/pdf_CopyDict
{
1 index length add dict
1 index wcheck
{ copy }
{ begin
{def} forall
currentdict
end
}
ifelse
}
def
}
ifelse
/pdf_AddEuroGlyphProc
{
currentdict /CharStrings known
{
CharStrings /Euro known not
{
dup
/CharStrings
CharStrings 1 pdf_CopyDict
begin
/Euro pdf_EuroProcSet 4 -1 roll get def
currentdict
end
def
/pdf_PSBuildGlyph /pdf_PSBuildGlyph load def
/pdf_PathOps /pdf_PathOps load def
/Symbol eq
{
/Encoding Encoding dup length array copy
dup 160 /Euro put def
}
if
}
{ pop
}
ifelse
}
{ pop
}
ifelse
}
def
/pdf_PathOps 4 dict dup begin
/m {moveto} def
/l {lineto} def
/c {curveto} def
/cp {closepath} def
end
def
/pdf_PSBuildGlyph
{
gsave
8 -1 roll pop
7 1 roll
currentdict /PaintType 2 copy known {get 2 eq}{pop pop false} ifelse
dup 9 1 roll
{
currentdict /StrokeWidth 2 copy known
{
get 2 div
5 1 roll
4 -1 roll 4 index sub
4 1 roll
3 -1 roll 4 index sub
3 1 roll
exch 4 index add exch
4 index add
5 -1 roll pop
}
{
pop pop
}
ifelse
}
if
setcachedevice
pdf_PathOps begin
exec
end
{
currentdict /StrokeWidth 2 copy known
{ get }
{ pop pop 0 }
ifelse
setlinewidth stroke
}
{
fill
}
ifelse
grestore
} def
/pdf_EuroProcSet 13 dict def
pdf_EuroProcSet
begin
/Courier-Bold
{
600 0 6 -12 585 612
{
385 274 m
180 274 l
179 283 179 293 179 303 c
179 310 179 316 180 323 c
398 323 l
423 404 l
197 404 l
219 477 273 520 357 520 c
409 520 466 490 487 454 c
487 389 l
579 389 l
579 612 l
487 612 l
487 560 l
449 595 394 612 349 612 c
222 612 130 529 98 404 c
31 404 l
6 323 l
86 323 l
86 304 l
86 294 86 284 87 274 c
31 274 l
6 193 l
99 193 l
129 77 211 -12 359 -12 c
398 -12 509 8 585 77 c
529 145 l
497 123 436 80 356 80 c
285 80 227 122 198 193 c
360 193 l
cp
600 0 m
}
pdf_PSBuildGlyph
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(Using random numbers in setting the IPv6 Flow Label)Tj
296.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(.......9)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.20779 Tw
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.10201 Tc
0.0433 Tw
(5.6 Filtering using Flow Label)Tj
174 0 TD
0.151 Tc
0 Tw
(................................9)Tj
192 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( 6. )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.0974 Tw
(Various approaches in defining IPv6 Flow Label form)Tj
296.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(at)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(........10)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.1429 Tw
( 6.1 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.0444 Tc
0.2885 Tw
(First approach)Tj
81 0 TD
0.14951 Tc
0 Tw
(...........................................10)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.125 Tw
( 6.2)Tj
52.5 -0.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0 Tc
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
6 0.75 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(Second approach)Tj
87 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(..........................................11)Tj
255.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0804 Tw
( 6.3 Third)Tj
87 0 TD
0.05161 Tc
0.2813 Tw
( approach)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.14951 Tc
0 Tw
(...........................................11)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -12 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.1429 Tw
( 6.4 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(Fourth approach)Tj
87 0 TD
0.0114 Tc
0 Tw
(.......)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.15041 Tc
(...................................12)Tj
215.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.05161 Tc
0.1875 Tw
( 6.5 Fifth approach)Tj
139.5 0 TD
0.14951 Tc
0 Tw
(...........................................13)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.25 Tw
( 7.)Tj
29.25 0 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0 Tc
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
3 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.18581 Tc
-0.26961 Tw
(A modified specification for the IPv6 Flow Label and related)Tj
348.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-381 -10.5 TD
0.13721 Tc
0.0885 Tw
( implementation mechanism)Tj
174.75 0 TD
0.1405 Tc
0 Tw
(.....................................14)Tj
226.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0804 Tw
( 7.1 O)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0.15179 Tc
0 Tw
(verview.................................................14)Tj
337.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.1429 Tw
( 7.2 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.22501 Tw
(Definition of first three bits of the Flow Label)Tj
279 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
0 Tw
(.........14)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.1429 Tw
( 7.3 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0208 Tw
(Defining the remaining 17 bits of the IPv6 Flow Label)Tj
307.5 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
(....15)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.1122 Tc
0.01601 Tw
( 7.3.1 Random Number)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0.15179 Tc
0 Tw
(.............................)Tj
168.75 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(..........15)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.10201 Tc
0.0262 Tw
( 7.3.2 Using Hop)Tj
139.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(Hop extension header)Tj
116.25 0 TD
0.15421 Tc
0 Tw
(...................15)Tj
122.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.0808 Tw
( 7.3.3 Using Multi Field Classifier)Tj
249.75 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
0 Tw
(........................16)Tj
151.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.0114 Tw
( )Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-441.75 -12 TD
0.1301 Tc
0.0621 Tw
( 7.3.4 Using the Port Number and the Protocol)Tj
308.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(..............17)Tj
93 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.16611 Tw
( )Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.1721 Tc
-0.08929 Tw
(7.3.5 A new struc)Tj
99 0 TD
0.1228 Tc
-0.09 Tw
(ture and mechanism for the use)Tj
174 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-255.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.0735 Tw
( of the Flow Label...................................17)Tj
331.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.14819 Tc
-0.0029 Tw
( 8. Conclusion...................................................22)Tj
401.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.151 Tc
-0.06821 Tw
( Acknowledgements................................................23)Tj
401.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.17661 Tc
-0.0938 Tw
( References..............)Tj
156.75 0 TD
0.15421 Tc
0 Tw
(........................................23)Tj
244.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.151 Tc
-0.06821 Tw
( Disclaimer......................................................24)Tj
401.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
0.14819 Tc
-0.0029 Tw
( Author Information..............................................24)Tj
401.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.03751 Tw
( Full Copyright Statement........................................24)Tj
401.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.0412 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 2])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
87.75 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.1393 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-331.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tw
( )Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(1.)Tj
12 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
-0.625 Tw
( Introduction)Tj
75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-87 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -10.5 TD
0.1489 Tc
2.6385 Tw
(At the time when the IPv6 specifications were written, the IPv6 )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1106 Tc
2.33591 Tw
(Flow Label was still experimental, and subject to change, as the )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1165 Tc
0.1226 Tw
(requirements for flow support in the Internet were evolving.)Tj
348.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-348.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1682 Tc
4.5813 Tw
(The last several years of work in IETF on Internet)Tj
333 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
3.9167 Tw
( Protocols)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-333 -11.25 TD
0.1205 Tc
4.04559 Tw
(Quality of Service \(IntServ, and DiffServ\) has provided a more)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1319 Tc
2.7009 Tw
(solid and ample architectural perspective, and framework for the )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.13091 Tc
5.9207 Tw
(standardization of the IPv6 Flow Label. IntServ and DiffServ)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14909 Tc
1.46941 Tw
(present two alternative solutions of resolving QoS probl)Tj
336 0 TD
0.05161 Tc
0.7813 Tw
(ems in the )Tj
-336 -11.25 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.1667 Tw
(Internet. )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-58.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1064 Tc
2.16389 Tw
(This paper talks about the design of Quality of Service \(QoS\) in )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1877 Tc
0.5737 Tw
(IPv6. Though IPv6 main header has a 20)Tj
225.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.13721 Tc
0.19569 Tw
(bit Flow Label field for QoS )Tj
-231.75 -11.25 TD
0.1416 Tc
6.56619 Tw
(implementation purposes, it has not yet been exploited. Few)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
2.25 Tw
(Internet drafts give various definitions)Tj
241.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
1.25 Tw
( of the 20)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.9375 Tw
(bit Flow Label )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
0.1749 Tc
0.3624 Tw
(in IPv6, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. This paper )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1548 Tc
0.5946 Tw
(provides an analysis of these definitions and subsequently suggests )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1338 Tc
5.299 Tw
(a specification, which in view of the author can provide an)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1328 Tc
0.2 Tw
(efficient Quality of Service using)Tj
198 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
-0.0625 Tw
( a hybrid approach.)Tj
110.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-308.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-23.25 -10.5 TD
0.13721 Tc
-0.10429 Tw
(2. IPv6 Flows and Flow Label)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-162.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -10.5 TD
0.1384 Tc
0.9444 Tw
(A flow is a sequence of packets sent from a particular source, and )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1416 Tc
5.19119 Tw
(a particular application running on the source host, using a)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.96429 Tw
(particular host)Tj
88.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(to)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.3125 Tw
(host protocol for the transmission of data over )Tj
-111.75 -12 TD
2.4375 Tw
(the Inter)Tj
54.75 0 TD
0.1185 Tc
2.08929 Tw
(net, to a particular \(unicast or multicast\) destination, )Tj
-54.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
4.5208 Tw
(and particular application running on the destination host, or)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0208 Tw
(hosts, within a certain set of traffic, and QoS requirements.)Tj
354.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-354.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.15781 Tc
0.7375 Tw
(The IPv6 Flow Label is defined as a 20)Tj
226.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1046 Tc
0.2283 Tw
(bit field in the IPv6 header )Tj
-232.5 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(which)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.1535 Tc
2.19859 Tw
( may be used by a source to label sequences of packets for )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.1347 Tc
2.72079 Tw
(which it requests special handling by the IPv6 routers, such as )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(non)Tj
17.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.825 Tw
(default quality of service or \223real)Tj
207 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.5625 Tw
(time\224 service. According to )Tj
-236.25 -10.5 TD
0.17999 Tc
0.97099 Tw
(RFC 2460, the nature of that special handling might be conveyed t)Tj
389.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(o )Tj
-389.25 -11.25 TD
0.1283 Tc
1.0795 Tw
(the routers by a control protocol, such as RSVP, or by information )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
-0.0938 Tw
(within the flow\222s packets themselves, e.g., in a hop)Tj
302.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
-0.14999 Tw
(hop option. )Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-418.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -10.5 TD
0.1064 Tc
2.8855 Tw
(The characteristics of IPv6 flows and flow labels given in [RFC )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1776 Tc
-0.2198 Tw
(2460], are rearranged as follows:)Tj
192 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-192 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(a\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.10001 Tw
(A flow is uniquely)Tj
105 0 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.1205 Tw
( identified by the combination of a source )Tj
249.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-354.75 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(address and a non)Tj
99 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1721 Tc
-0.21429 Tw
(zero Flow Label.)Tj
93 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-198 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-23.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(b\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.1528 Tc
0.0069 Tw
(Packets that do not belong to a flow carry a Flow Label of zero)Tj
366 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-389.25 -12 TD
( )Tj
-23.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.0412 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 3])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-412.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
87.75 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1328 Tc
-0.05 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specific)Tj
209.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0804 Tw
(ation for use of the February 2002)Tj
203.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.1393 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-331.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(c\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.1338 Tc
0.07401 Tw
(A Flow Label is assigned to a flow by the flow\222s source node.)Tj
354.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-378 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(d\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.7625 Tw
(New Flow Labels must be chosen \(suede\) randomly and uniformly )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(f)Tj
6 0 TD
0.11121 Tc
4.38071 Tw
(rom the range 1 to FFFFF hex. The purpose of the random)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
2.4375 Tw
(allocation is to make any set of bits within the Flow Label )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.12691 Tc
0.552 Tw
(field suitable for use as a hash key by routers, for looking up )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1328 Tc
0.2 Tw
(the state associated with the flow.)Tj
203.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-226.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(e\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.1687 Tc
1.77119 Tw
(All packets belonging to the same flow )Tj
242.25 0 TD
0.1563 Tc
1.5265 Tw
(must be sent with the )Tj
-242.25 -12 TD
0.1378 Tc
0.08791 Tw
(same source address, destination address, and Flow Label.)Tj
331.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-378 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(f\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.7981 Tw
(If packets of flow include a Hop)Tj
202.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(by)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.19 Tc
1.4554 Tw
(Hop options header, then )Tj
-225.75 -10.5 TD
0.15041 Tc
2.6199 Tw
(they all must be originated with the same Hop)Tj
282.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.41721 Tc
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
1.35001 Tw
(Hop options )Tj
-306 -11.25 TD
0.1328 Tc
-0.55 Tw
(header contents.)Tj
93 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-139.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(g\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.1989 Tc
1.9554 Tw
(If packets of a flow include a rout)Tj
219 0 TD
0.1185 Tc
1.71429 Tw
(ing header, then they all )Tj
-219 -10.5 TD
0.1644 Tc
3.75169 Tw
(must be originated with the same contents in all extension)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0804 Tw
(headers up to and including the routing header.)Tj
273 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(h\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.1259 Tc
2.7569 Tw
(The maximum\222s lifetime of any flow)Tj
210.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.4375 Tw
(handling state established )Tj
-216.75 -11.25 TD
0.1721 Tc
6.83569 Tw
(along a flow\222s path must be specified as part of the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.22569 Tc
0 Tw
(descrip)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.1185 Tc
5.46429 Tw
(tion of the state)Tj
114 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1393 Tc
4.6935 Tw
(establishment mechanism, e.g., the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-160.5 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
6.0583 Tw
(resource reservation protocol or the flow)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
6.1875 Tw
(setup hop)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.41721 Tc
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(hop )Tj
-354.75 -10.5 TD
0.22569 Tc
0 Tw
(option.)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-87 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\(i\))Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.11411 Tc
1.94949 Tw
(The source must not reuse a Flow Label for a new flow within )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1106 Tc
0.9722 Tw
(the maximum lifetime of any flow)Tj
189.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.13091 Tc
0.50191 Tw
(handling state that might have )Tj
-195.75 -10.5 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.1667 Tw
(been estab)Tj
58.5 0 TD
-0.11459 Tw
(lished for the prior use of that Flow Label.)Tj
255.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-360.75 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.20779 Tc
-0.375 Tw
(3. Integrated Services Flow)Tj
156.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-156.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -10.5 TD
0.1338 Tc
8.07401 Tw
(The Integrated Services architecture defines a flow as an)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1676 Tc
0.4986 Tw
(abstraction, which is a distinguishable stream of related datagrams )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13721 Tc
0.1123 Tw
(that results from a single user activity and requires t)Tj
319.5 0 TD
0.2578 Tc
-0.3 Tw
(he same QoS.)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-389.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1347 Tc
2.4481 Tw
(The IntServ architecture supports services on per flow basis.)Tj
373.5 0 TD
/N21 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
4.5 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(The )Tj
-378 -10.5 TD
0.1384 Tc
4.41319 Tw
(IntServ model uses Resource Reservation Protocol \(RSVP\) as the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1091 Tc
1.42371 Tw
(standard signaling protocol to provide QoS to application flows in )Tj
T*
0.1405 Tc
0.08521 Tw
(the network. It offers three classes of servic)Tj
267.75 0 TD
-0.41721 Tc
0 Tw
(e:)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-279 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(1.)Tj
12 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1489 Tc
-0.09731 Tw
(Best Effort Service \(FCFS, meant for ordinary data: default\).)Tj
354.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-395.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1489 Tc
-0.00349 Tw
( 2. Guaranteed Service \(meant for Hard Real time requirements\))Tj
378 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -12 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
2.25 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
15 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.13721 Tc
-0.17931 Tw
(Known upper bound on delay.)Tj
156.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-174 -12 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
2.25 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
15 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.14909 Tc
2.1524 Tw
(Reliable \(lossless\) delivery for IP packets that conform )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(to specification.)Tj
99 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-116.25 -11.25 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
2.25 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
15 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.13541 Tc
0.1974 Tw
(Guaranteed Bandwidth)Tj
116.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
( support.)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-186 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-58.5 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.0412 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 4])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.1393 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-305.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(3. Co)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.16299 Tc
-0.1114 Tw
(ntrolled Load service \(meant for Soft Real time requirements\))Tj
354 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-408.75 -12 TD
0.7529 0.7529 0.7529 rg
( )Tj
-0.75 0.75 TD
0 0 0 rg
( )Tj
6.75 -0.75 TD
0.7529 0.7529 0.7529 rg
( )Tj
-0.75 0.75 TD
0 0 0 rg
( )Tj
20.25 -10.5 TD
0.16299 Tc
3.4198 Tw
(As specified in [RFC 1633], the IntServ architecture defines a)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.0601 Tc
0 Tw
(classifier:)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-66.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
12 -11.25 TD
0.14909 Tc
6.4649 Tw
(For the purpose of traffic control \(and accounting\), each)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
2.381 Tw
(incoming packet must be mapped into some class; all packet)Tj
357.75 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
1.375 Tw
(s in )Tj
-357.75 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1402 Tw
(the same class get the same treatment from the packet scheduler. )Tj
377.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-377.25 -10.5 TD
0.13091 Tc
2.1792 Tw
(This mapping is performed by the classifier. Choice of a class )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1205 Tc
0.1441 Tw
(may be based upon the contents of the existing packet header\(s\) )Tj
372 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-372 -10.5 TD
0.1378 Tc
6.7307 Tw
(and/or some additional classification number added to eac)Tj
377.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(h )Tj
-377.25 -11.25 TD
0.1185 Tc
(packet.)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-40.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1347 Tc
1.0106 Tw
(A class might correspond to a broad category of flows, e.g., all )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.5625 Tw
(video flows or all flows attributed to a particular organization. )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1535 Tc
-0.13319 Tw
(On the other hand, a class might hold only a single flow. )Tj
336.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-372 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1989 Tc
-0.3661 Tw
(4. Differentiated Services Flow)Tj
180 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-180 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -11.25 TD
0.2495 Tc
2.3333 Tw
(The Differentiated S)Tj
120.75 0 TD
0.1749 Tc
2.0329 Tw
(ervices architecture defines a flow or micro)Tj
268.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
-389.25 -10.5 TD
0.16611 Tc
1.3452 Tw
(flow as a single instance of an application)Tj
260.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.41721 Tc
(to)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1122 Tc
0.7206 Tw
(application flow of )Tj
-283.5 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
2.10001 Tw
(packets, which is identified by the source address, source port, )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
2.79761 Tw
(destination address, destination port and protocol id \(fields in )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.2646 Tc
-0.43179 Tw
(the IP and hos)Tj
81.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(t)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(to)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.15421 Tc
0.1786 Tw
(host protocol headers\).)Tj
134.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-244.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1259 Tc
5.26939 Tw
(Unlike IntServ, which offers \221Per)Tj
212.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(Flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
4.64999 Tw
(based\222 QoS support, the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-246.75 -10.5 TD
0.08279 Tc
5.5 Tw
(DiffServ offers \221Aggregate)Tj
161.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(Flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.0928 Tc
5.19 Tw
(based\222 QoS support. It has the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-196.5 -12 TD
0.14191 Tc
0.0972 Tw
(potential to complement the IntServ \(rather than replacing it\).)Tj
366 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-366 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.22569 Tc
2.9821 Tw
(As specified in [RFC 2475], the Di)Tj
218.25 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.0481 Tw
(ffServ architecture defines a )Tj
-218.25 -10.5 TD
0.1964 Tc
0 Tw
(classifier:)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-63.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
12 -10.5 TD
0.1347 Tc
1.0106 Tw
(as a mechanism that selects packets in a traffic stream based on )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.16299 Tc
0.4425 Tw
(the content of some portions of the packet header. The MF \(Multi)Tj
377.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
-377.25 -11.25 TD
0.17661 Tc
5.57291 Tw
(Field\) classifier selects packets based on the value of a)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.0471 Tc
1.03571 Tw
(combination of one or mor)Tj
147.75 0 TD
0.1122 Tc
0.6492 Tw
(e header fields, such as source address, )Tj
-147.75 -11.25 TD
0.1416 Tc
5.06619 Tw
(destination address, DS field, protocol ID, source port and)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14101 Tc
0.06689 Tw
(destination port numbers, and other information. )Tj
284.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.78751 Tw
(In order to support the Flow Label, a Differentiated services IPv6 )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.2552 Tc
1.95261 Tw
(classifier definition should be a)Tj
200.25 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
1.4167 Tw
(dded. This classifier would be a )Tj
-200.25 -10.5 TD
0.14191 Tc
1.6227 Tw
(multi field classifier that would include at least the Flow Label )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1678 Tc
-0.1163 Tw
(and the source address as the IPv6 specification suggests.)Tj
337.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-337.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14909 Tc
16.2337 Tw
(According to Differentiated Services architecture, the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13541 Tc
2.8224 Tw
(classification fields have values accordin)Tj
255.75 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
2.075 Tw
(g to the Service Level )Tj
-255.75 -12 TD
0.1347 Tc
-0.0162 Tw
(Agreements \(SLA\) and Traffic Conditioning Agreements \(TCA\), )Tj
348.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-348.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-23.25 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.0412 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 5])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-389.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
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0 0 596 842 RC
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111 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-23.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0208 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for )Tj
145.5 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
-0.2083 Tw
(providing efficient )Tj
116.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.1393 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-308.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.1384 Tc
6.9444 Tw
(\(Service Level Specifications)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
195 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1528 Tc
6.55499 Tw
( SLS and Traffic Conditioning)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-200.25 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
0.1731 Tw
(Specification )Tj
87 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
5.8125 Tw
( TCS\) which are contractual agreements between)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-93 -10.5 TD
0.1416 Tc
6.56619 Tw
(clients and network service providers. The Flow Label based)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
-0.04221 Tc
0 Tw
(Diff)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.12691 Tc
1.7059 Tw
(Serv MF classifier would allow the same model, and would rely )Tj
-23.25 -10.5 TD
0.1886 Tc
0.1911 Tw
(on the Flow Label that is a field with a value or a range of values )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14191 Tc
1.0034 Tw
(on which or service providers would have to agree on. These values )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1405 Tc
0.0986 Tw
(will be reflected in SLAs, TCAs, SLSs and TCSs.)Tj
273 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-296.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
23.25 -10.5 TD
0.16611 Tc
4.6667 Tw
(The potent)Tj
62.25 0 TD
0.1794 Tc
3.62219 Tw
(ial advantage of the DiffServ model is a substantial)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-62.25 -12 TD
0.14861 Tc
0.5251 Tw
(reduction in router state and a simplification in router design and )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.11459 Tc
3.8744 Tw
(implementation. The potential drawback to the DiffServ model is)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.5833 Tw
(that all flows in the same service aggregate may receive the same )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(level)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.1413 Tc
3.4915 Tw
( of service. This may force flows with very different QoS)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.16611 Tc
-0.1333 Tw
(requirements into the same service class.)Tj
238.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-238.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-23.25 -10.5 TD
0.1687 Tc
-0.08591 Tw
(5. Issues related with IPv6 Flow Label)Tj
221.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-198 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.13541 Tc
1.24741 Tw
(The IPv6 specification originally left open a number of questions, )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1922 Tc
-0.3094 Tw
(of which the following are important.)Tj
215.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-192 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-46.5 -10.5 TD
0.0114 Tc
0.3214 Tw
(5.1 What)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0.1228 Tc
0.1523 Tw
( should a router do with Flow Labels for which it has no state?)Tj
366 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-369 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-17.25 -10.5 TD
0.1122 Tc
2.8456 Tw
(What should the default action of the router be on receiving a )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1922 Tc
3.39059 Tw
(datagram with a non)Tj
121.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.17371 Tc
3.25279 Tw
(zero Flow Label for which it has no state)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-126.75 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(information?)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-72.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
3 -10.5 TD
0.14101 Tc
1.85851 Tw
(Unknown Flow Labels may also occur if a router crash)Tj
319.5 0 TD
0.2578 Tc
0.575 Tw
(es and loses )Tj
-319.5 -12 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.1667 Tw
(its state.)Tj
57.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-60.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
3 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
2.2708 Tw
(The IPv6 specification gives the following possible solutions to )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(the above)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1563 Tc
0.1765 Tw
(mentioned problem.)Tj
105 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-165.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
3 -10.5 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.0378 Tw
(1. The routers can ignore the Flow Label.)Tj
238.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-241.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
3 -11.25 TD
0.1223 Tc
0.0605 Tw
(2. IPv6 datagram may carry flow setup information in their options.)Tj
389.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-415.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.13541 Tc
1.54739 Tw
(In any case, it is clear)Tj
147 0 TD
0.1563 Tc
0.8327 Tw
( that treating this situation as an error )Tj
-147 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.8322 Tw
(and, say dropping the datagram and sending an ICMP message, is )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.8011 Tw
(inappropriate. Indeed, it seems likely that in most cases, simply )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1205 Tc
1.8373 Tw
(forwarding the datagram as one would a datagram with a zero Flow )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1922 Tc
3.89059 Tw
(Label would give be)Tj
123 0 TD
0.16141 Tc
3.4929 Tw
(tter service to the flow than dropping the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-123 -10.5 TD
0.16611 Tc
0 Tw
(datagram.)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-55.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
3 -10.5 TD
0.14191 Tc
0.2486 Tw
(There may be situation in which routing the datagram as if its Flow )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1319 Tc
0.88271 Tw
(Label were zero might cause the wrong result, but these situations )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1205 Tc
1.2507 Tw
(can be treated as the exceptions rather than the rule. It is also )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(r)Tj
6 0 TD
0.15871 Tc
1.5074 Tw
(easonable to handle these situations using options that indicate )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.1528 Tc
-0.02451 Tw
(that if the flow state is absent, the datagram needs special )Tj
354.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-354.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.0412 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 6])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
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0 0 596 842 RC
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114 729 TD
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( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.14951 Tc
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(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of th)Tj
319.5 0 TD
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(e February 2002)Tj
93 0 TD
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( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.09171 Tc
1.6161 Tw
(handling. \(The options may be Hop)Tj
206.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.09419 Tc
1.2386 Tw
(Hop or only handled at some )Tj
-229.5 -11.25 TD
0.16141 Tc
-0.1286 Tw
(routers, depending on the flow's needs\).)Tj
232.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-258.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1877 Tc
2.69521 Tw
(Finally, [RFC 1809] and the author's)Tj
223.5 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
2.0795 Tw
( view says that the default )Tj
-223.5 -10.5 TD
0.101 Tc
0.4626 Tw
(rule should be that if a router receives a datagram with an unknown )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.10201 Tc
1.6772 Tw
(Flow Label, it treats the datagram as if the Flow Label is zero. )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1328 Tc
4.28329 Tw
(As part of forwarding, the router will examine any hop)Tj
351.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.41721 Tc
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(hop )Tj
-375 -11.25 TD
0.19389 Tc
1.1889 Tw
(options and learn if the datagra)Tj
193.5 0 TD
0.09171 Tc
1.4911 Tw
(m requires special handling. The )Tj
-193.5 -10.5 TD
0.15871 Tc
1.3741 Tw
(options could include simply the information that the datagram is )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.18581 Tc
1.8201 Tw
(to be dropped if the Flow Label is unknown or could contain the )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1259 Tc
-0.04311 Tw
(flow state the router should have. )Tj
203.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-206.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-23.25 -10.5 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(5.2 Flushing old Flow Labels)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-139.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(How does an Internetwork )Tj
145.5 0 TD
0.2144 Tc
-0.38161 Tw
(flush old Flow Labels?)Tj
127.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-296.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.96429 Tw
(The flow mechanism assumes that state associated with a given Flow )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1523 Tc
1.1806 Tw
(Label is somehow deposited in routers, so they know how to handle )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1913 Tc
0.89149 Tw
(datagrams that carry the Flow Label. A serious problem is how to )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.19389 Tc
0.2639 Tw
(flush Flow Labels that are no lon)Tj
195 0 TD
0.1001 Tc
0.2328 Tw
(ger being used \(stale Flow Labels\) )Tj
-195 -11.25 TD
0.1328 Tc
0.2 Tw
(from the routers.)Tj
99 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-81.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-17.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.5721 Tw
(Stale Flow Labels can happen a number of ways, even if we assume )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.3333 Tw
(that the source always sends a message deleting a Flow Label when )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0625 Tw
(the source finishes using a Flow. )Tj
197.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-180 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-43.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(1. The deletion message may be los)Tj
197.25 0 TD
0.13091 Tc
0.2019 Tw
(t before reaching all routers. )Tj
186 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-409.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1106 Tc
0.8568 Tw
(2. Furthermore, the source may crash before it can send out a Flow )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0089 Tw
(Label deletion message. )Tj
145.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-171.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1489 Tc
1.10699 Tw
(The mechanism suggested by [RFC 1809] is to use a timer. Routers )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13091 Tc
4.28529 Tw
(should discard Flow Labels whose state has not been refreshed)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.3199 Tw
(within some period of time. At the same time, a source that crashes )Tj
T*
0.11459 Tc
0.9057 Tw
(must observe a quiet time, during which it creates no flows, until )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1416 Tc
2.69119 Tw
(it knows that all Flow Labels from its previous life must have )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1228 Tc
4.0537 Tw
(expired. \(Sources can avoid quiet time restrictions by kee)Tj
369 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(ping )Tj
-369 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
6.0827 Tw
(information about active Flow Labels in stable storage that)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.46249 Tw
(survives crashes\). According to [RFC 1809], there are two options )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1707 Tc
-0.1593 Tw
(for refreshing the Flow Label and its state:)Tj
255.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-238.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-17.25 -10.5 TD
0.14861 Tc
0.2467 Tw
(1. The source could periodically send out a special refresh message )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.1667 Tw
(to explici)Tj
57.75 0 TD
0.17841 Tc
-0.0956 Tw
(tly refresh the Flow Label and its state. )Tj
250.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-334.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.13091 Tc
3.2769 Tw
(2. The router could treat every datagram that carries the Flow)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.33369 Tw
(Label as an implicit refresh or sources could send explicit refresh )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(options. )Tj
57.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-40.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-43.5 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.01331 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page)Tj
395.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
( 7])Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-412.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
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( )Tj
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412.5 0 TD
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( )Tj
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0.1563 Tc
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( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
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( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.1165 Tc
5.65379 Tw
(The choice is between periodically handling a special update)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
T*
0.2495 Tc
2.8958 Tw
(message and doing an e)Tj
139.5 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
2.4375 Tw
(xtra computation on each datagram \(namely )Tj
-139.5 -10.5 TD
0.1528 Tc
3.38451 Tw
(noting in the Flow Label's entry that the Flow Label has been)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.0601 Tc
0 Tw
(refreshed\).)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
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( )Tj
-90 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1555 Tc
1.97729 Tw
(Based on the discussion mentioned above according to [RFC 1809], )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1489 Tc
2.3658 Tw
(the authors of the document suggest the following approach as a )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.1667 Tw
(solution t)Tj
57.75 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
0.1731 Tw
(o this problem:)Tj
87.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-145.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(1.)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
10.5 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
4.3542 Tw
(The MRU \(Most Recently Used\) algorithm should be used for)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14909 Tc
2.50191 Tw
(maintaining the Flow Labels. At any point of time, the most )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1489 Tc
0.3885 Tw
(recently used labels only will be kept and the remaining should )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.22501 Tw
(be flushed. )Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-117.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(2.)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
10.5 0 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.6369 Tw
(Before flushing a label, the router should )Tj
254.25 0 TD
0.1122 Tc
0.2206 Tw
(send an ICMP message )Tj
-254.25 -11.25 TD
0.1528 Tc
1.30499 Tw
(to the source saying that the particular label is going to be )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1122 Tc
1.6524 Tw
(flushed. So the source should send a KEEPALIVE Message to the )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1254 Tc
2.8949 Tw
(router saying that not to flush the Flow Label in case the )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1364 Tc
1.39639 Tw
(source requires the Flow Label to be used again. On )Tj
316.5 0 TD
0.23911 Tc
0.4688 Tw
(the other )Tj
-316.5 -10.5 TD
0.1078 Tc
1.53751 Tw
(hand, if the source agrees with the router to delete the Flow )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.10941 Tc
4.1234 Tw
(Label, it should send a GOAHEAD Message to the router. On)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1523 Tc
1.96181 Tw
(receiving the GOAHEAD Message, the router immediately deleted )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.6125 Tw
(the label for that particular source. These messages are also )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(se)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.1338 Tc
2.299 Tw
(nt to all the intermediate routers, so that, those routers )Tj
-11.25 -11.25 TD
0.18581 Tc
-0.19389 Tw
(can as well flush the Flow Labels for that particular source. )Tj
360 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-408 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(3.)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
10.5 0 TD
0.1573 Tc
3.85049 Tw
(In case, the router does not receive any consent from the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.09351 Tc
3.3075 Tw
(source, it will resend the ICMP message for at most two or)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1597 Tc
1.4231 Tw
(three times. If )Tj
99.75 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.6875 Tw
(at all the router does not receive any reply )Tj
-99.75 -10.5 TD
0.1563 Tc
2.1265 Tw
(from the source, it can flush that particular Label assuming )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.8015 Tw
(that the Flow Label was not important enough for the source or )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1347 Tc
3.1981 Tw
(any other intermediate router. The intermediate routers will)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.09419 Tc
1.5511 Tw
(also delete that Flow Labe)Tj
156.75 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.8679 Tw
(l as they didn\222t receive any message )Tj
-156.75 -10.5 TD
0.0975 Tc
1.11031 Tw
(from the source. The policy of sending the ICMP message to the )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1078 Tc
2.2023 Tw
(source two or three times ensures the proper behavior of the )Tj
T*
0.14909 Tc
2.50191 Tw
(method of flushing Flow Labels in case of packet loss. This )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1328 Tc
1.25 Tw
(method assumes that the ICMP messag)Tj
209.25 0 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.75 Tw
(e would not be lost all the )Tj
-209.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.9375 Tw
(three times as the probability of happening that is very less. )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1886 Tc
0.6897 Tw
(Hence, if the router doesn\222t receive any reply from the source )Tj
T*
0.1205 Tc
0.55321 Tw
(even after sending the ICMP message three times, it deletes the )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
(label.)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-39 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-43.5 -11.25 TD
0.1528 Tc
-0.00751 Tw
(5.3 Which datagrams should ca)Tj
168.75 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
0.375 Tw
(rry non)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
(zero Flow Labels?)Tj
99 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-314.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.17979 Tc
5.90311 Tw
(According to RFC 1809, following were some points of basic)Tj
0 Tc
0.20779 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(agreement:)Tj
57.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-57.75 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.0412 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 8])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.14999 Tw
( I)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.151 Tc
-0.06821 Tw
(Pv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
226.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
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( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
ET
q
114 660 463.5 12 re
h
W n
BT
114 663 TD
0.09219 Tc
0.5244 Tw
(1. Small exchanges of data should have a zero Flow Label since it \
)Tj
ET
Q
BT
114 651.75 TD
0.1266 Tc
0.12289 Tw
(is not worth creating a flow for a few datagrams.)Tj
285 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
-0.04221 Tc
0.375 Tw
(2. Real)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1328 Tc
0.2 Tw
(time flows must al)Tj
104.25 0 TD
0.1749 Tc
-0.0296 Tw
(ways have a Flow Label.)Tj
134.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1165 Tc
1.71629 Tw
(One option specified in [RFC 1809] is to use Flow Labels for all )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(long)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1528 Tc
1.2709 Tw
(term TCP connections. The option is not feasible in the view )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.1032 Tc
4.1841 Tw
(of the authors as it will force all the applications on that)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.2646 Tc
1.81821 Tw
(particular connection to use the Flow L)Tj
240 0 TD
0.15421 Tc
1.3786 Tw
(abels, which in turn will )Tj
-240 -12 TD
0.17979 Tc
-0.22189 Tw
(force routing vendors to deal with cache explosion issue.)Tj
331.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-357.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1721 Tc
0.16071 Tw
(5.4 Mutable/Non)Tj
87 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(mutable IPv6 Flow Label)Tj
133.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-226.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1687 Tc
0.6998 Tw
(Should the Flow Label be mutable or non)Tj
232.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1624 Tc
0.4705 Tw
(mutable, that is it should )Tj
-238.5 -10.5 TD
0.10201 Tc
0.2308 Tw
(be read only for routers or not?)Tj
186 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-186 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.11411 Tc
2.0188 Tw
(This paper suggests the Flow )Tj
179.25 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.1731 Tw
(Labels to be non)Tj
99.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.0984 Tc
1.23441 Tw
(mutable because of )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
(the following reasons:)Tj
127.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-127.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1384 Tc
4.03819 Tw
(1. Using mutable Flow Labels would require certain negotiation)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1618 Tc
1.50439 Tw
(mechanism between neighboring routers, or a certain setup through )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.2724 Tw
(router management or configuration, to make sure that the values or)Tj
392.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-392.25 -11.25 TD
0.1205 Tc
0.748 Tw
(the changes made to the Flow Label are known to all the routers on )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1416 Tc
2.03729 Tw
(the portion of the path of the packets, in which the Flow Label )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1259 Tc
1.83189 Tw
(changes. On the other hand, the non)Tj
213.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1886 Tc
0.8942 Tw
(mutable Flow Labels certainly )Tj
-219 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
8.48331 Tw
(have the advantage of the simplicity implied by such a)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
-0.16721 Tc
0 Tw
(cha)Tj
17.25 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
(racteristic.)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-87 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.12691 Tc
4.9559 Tw
(2. A mutable Flow Label characteristic goes against the IPv6)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.25 Tw
(specification of the Flow Label explained in section 2 and the IPv6 )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1205 Tc
0.2123 Tw
(Flow Label characteristics explained in the coming sections.)Tj
348.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-375 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(5.5 Using random numbers in setting the IPv6 Flow L)Tj
296.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(abel)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
7.0336 Tw
(The IPv6 specification specifies the requirement of pseudo)Tj
386.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-392.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.0446 Tw
(randomness in setting the value of a Flow Label as it can be used )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.0984 Tc
0.23441 Tw
(as hash key by routers for flow lookup. )Tj
232.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-232.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1091 Tc
1.8904 Tw
(However, a random value in the header introduces unpredictability )Tj
T*
0.1597 Tc
-0.0769 Tw
(of the field. Si)Tj
93 0 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0089 Tw
(nce predictability is a necessary condition for a )Tj
290.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-383.25 -10.5 TD
0.12939 Tc
1.2346 Tw
(deterministic behavior, network operators may require that packets )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1347 Tc
1.17889 Tw
(of a flow have always the same IPv6 content. Random values in the )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.256 Tw
(IPv6 Flow Label certainly break this requirement. So supporting the )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(argu)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
10.9167 Tw
(ments given in [draft)Tj
154.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(conta)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(label)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
10.7045 Tw
(02.txt], the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-312 -10.5 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.33369 Tw
(authors of this document suggest the IPv6 specification of having a )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1584 Tc
-0.07561 Tw
(random number in the Flow Label field to be relaxed.)Tj
302.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-302.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -12 TD
0.13091 Tc
0.2019 Tw
(5.6 Filtering using Flow Label)Tj
174.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-174.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.0144 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
-0.09019 Tw
( [Page 9])Tj
150.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.1413 Tc
1.6338 Tw
(If, at all, any filtering has to be done based on the Flow L)Tj
369 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(abel )Tj
-369 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.1106 Tw
(field in the IPv6 header, the expectation is that the IPv6 Flow )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.27499 Tw
(Label filed carries a predictable or well)Tj
241.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.2045 Tw
(determined value. This is )Tj
-246.75 -11.25 TD
0.11411 Tc
0.2188 Tw
(not the case if the Flow Label has randomly chosen values.)Tj
336.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-363 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1499 Tc
3.43291 Tw
(Again, supporting the arguments given in [draft)Tj
293.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(conta)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
(label)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1535 Tc
5.42931 Tw
(02.txt], the authors of this document suggest that the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-34.5 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.0446 Tw
(problem of not being able to configure load)Tj
257.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.4375 Tw
(filtering rules, which )Tj
-263.25 -10.5 TD
0.1378 Tc
3.4677 Tw
(are based or are including the Flow Label, can be resolved by)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1122 Tc
1.42059 Tw
(relaxing IPv6 specification of having a random number in the )Tj
369 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(Flow )Tj
-369 -10.5 TD
0.1964 Tc
-0.6136 Tw
(Label field.)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-96 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
-0.0938 Tw
(6. Various approaches in defining IPv6 Flow Label format)Tj
325.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-325.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1167 Tc
0.54939 Tw
(This section discusses the various already suggested approaches for )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.7981 Tw
(defining the 20)Tj
93 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
2.5313 Tw
(bit Flow Label. It discusses the advantages and )Tj
-99 -11.25 TD
0.5625 Tw
(disadvantages of these approaches. Finally it )Tj
270 0 TD
0.1749 Tc
-0.0921 Tw
(tells about accepting )Tj
-270 -12 TD
0.11301 Tc
1.2198 Tw
(or rejecting these approaches and includes the accepted approaches )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14861 Tc
1.60091 Tw
(\(with modifications wherever required\) in the final definition of )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.11571 Tc
0.2171 Tw
(the Flow Label discussed in the next section.)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-288 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(6.1 First approach )Tj
110.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
([draft)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(conta)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(label)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
(02.txt)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(])Tj
5.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.0891 Tc
0.1813 Tw
( Following format can be used for the Flow Label:)Tj
302.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-302.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
( )Tj
-44.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-306 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(| 0 |)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
15 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
0.125 Tw
(Pseudo )Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.2045 Tw
( Random value )Tj
81.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
5.25 0 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.25 Tw
( |)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-306.75 -12 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-306 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-306 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(| 1 |)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
15 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.1667 Tw
(DiffServ I)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.0269 Tw
(Pv6 Flow Label |)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-309.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-306 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1692 Tc
0.6011 Tw
(The DiffServ IPv6 Flow Label is a number that is constructed based )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1185 Tc
3.96429 Tw
(on the Differentiated services \223Per Hop Behavior Identification)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
(Code\224.)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-60.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
6 0 TD
( )Tj
-6 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-306 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(| 1 |)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
15 0 TD
0.1328 Tc
0.10629 Tw
(Per Hop Behavior Ident. Code| Res. |)Tj
221.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-309.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+ )Tj
12 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-312 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0208 Tw
( The \223Res\224 bits are reserved.)Tj
192 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-192 -11.25 TD
-0.04221 Tw
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
ET
q
114 177.75 463.5 12 re
h
W n
BT
114 180.75 TD
0.1283 Tc
9.4545 Tw
(The PHB ID is either directly derived from a standard)Tj
0 Tc
0.1698 Tw
( )Tj
ET
Q
BT
114 169.5 TD
0.1563 Tc
3.5515 Tw
(differentiated services code point, or)Tj
235.5 0 TD
0.13541 Tc
3.49741 Tw
( it is an \223IANA Assigned)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-235.5 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(Value\224. )Tj
46.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-55.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
-17.25 -10.5 TD
-0.04221 Tw
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-23.25 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 10])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-412.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
ET
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PDFVars begin PDF begin PDFVars/InitAll get exec
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.0984 Tc
0.04691 Tw
( Quality of Service )Tj
139.5 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(using hybrid approach.)Tj
128.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.0601 Tc
0 Tw
(Advantages:)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-90 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1647 Tc
0.83479 Tw
(Preserves compatibility with the random number method of selecting )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.03571 Tw
(a Flow Label value defined in IPv6 specification.)Tj
285 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1384 Tc
5.4444 Tw
(Captures the differentiated services treatment intended to be)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.1974 Tw
(applied to the packet.)Tj
127.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-127.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.02029 Tc
3.3125 Tw
(Unlike the val)Tj
87 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.5731 Tw
(ue of the traffic class field, it is not locally )Tj
-87 -12 TD
0.1499 Tc
2.09959 Tw
(mapped and is therefore suitable for use in an end)Tj
309.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(to)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
1 Tw
(end header )Tj
-333 -10.5 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
(field.)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-60.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.0144 Tw
( Disadvantage:)Tj
99 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-99 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1347 Tc
3.61481 Tw
(It captures less information than the port number and protocol)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1133 Tc
0.0945 Tw
(number normally used in multi field classifier.)Tj
273 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-299.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(6)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
-0.3125 Tw
(.2 Second Approach )Tj
110.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
([draft)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.03281 Tc
(conta)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.03281 Tc
(label)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.0114 Tc
(02.txt])Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-325.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.17661 Tc
5.33121 Tw
(DiffServ with multi field classifier can be used in a more)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
2.7583 Tw
(efficient and practical manner as an alternative to IntServ and )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.22031 Tc
1.8938 Tw
(RSVP. The Flow Label classifier is basically a 3)Tj
296.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.9375 Tw
(element tuple )Tj
84 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-392.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(source an)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.0724 Tw
(d destination addresses and IPv6 Flow Label.)Tj
255.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-334.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
-0.08521 Tw
(The classifier can be defined in any of the following two ways:)Tj
366 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-392.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1552 Tc
-0.0367 Tw
(C = \(SA, SAPrefix, DA, DAPrefix, Flow Label\).)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-288 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -12 TD
0.1555 Tc
-0.0273 Tw
(C` = \(SA, SAPrefix, DA, DAPrefix, Flow Label min: Flow Label max\).)Tj
383.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-409.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1886 Tc
5.5817 Tw
(Incoming packet header \(SA, DA)Tj
197.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
4.925 Tw
(, Flow Label\) is matched with)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-197.25 -10.5 TD
0.14 Tc
0.0679 Tw
(classification rules table entry C or C`.)Tj
238.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-264.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.03751 Tw
( Advantage:)Tj
81.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-81.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1772 Tc
0.4771 Tw
(Helps the IPv6 Flow Label to achieve, as it is supposed, in a more )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1319 Tc
1.5509 Tw
(efficient processing of packets in QoS engines in IPv6 forwarding )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(devices.)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-72.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.0144 Tw
( Disadvantage:)Tj
99 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-99 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(When )Tj
33 0 TD
0.1732 Tc
3.5762 Tw
(packets are transmitted, the end nodes have to force the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-33 -10.5 TD
0.09669 Tc
1.4861 Tw
(correct Flow Label in the IPv6 headers of outgoing packets or the )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1523 Tc
1.1806 Tw
(first hop routers have to do thus job. To accomplish these rules, )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1384 Tc
2.6694 Tw
(these routers will be configures with MF classifiers. This puts )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
-0.16721 Tc
0 Tw
(ext)Tj
17.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.1714 Tw
(ra computations to be done by the routers.)Tj
244.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-288 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(6.3 Third approach )Tj
110.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
([draft)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(conta)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(label)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
(02.txt])Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 11])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
ET
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userdict /pgsave save put
PDFVars begin PDF begin PDFVars/InitAll get exec
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.03751 Tw
( IPv6)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.15781 Tc
-0.075 Tw
( Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
209.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.15871 Tc
1.3741 Tw
(Includes the algorithmic mapping of the port numbers and protocol )Tj
T*
0.1913 Tc
0.40939 Tw
(into the Flow Label. It reserves 12 bits for the port number and 8 )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.1974 Tw
(bits for the protocol.)Tj
127.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-153.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
-0.25 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0.27921 Tc
-0.3214 Tw
( 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-276.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.09019 Tw
(| Server port number | H)Tj
151.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(to)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.22501 Tw
(H protocol|)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.03751 Tw
( Advantage:)Tj
81.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-81.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.14191 Tc
0.2486 Tw
(Classification rule is 5 or 6 element tuple format of a DiffServ MF )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.27029 Tc
1.5625 Tw
(classifier, c)Tj
77.25 0 TD
0.1046 Tc
1.1658 Tw
(ontaining the source and the destination address, the )Tj
-77.25 -11.25 TD
0.08279 Tc
1.375 Tw
(source and the destination ports, the host)Tj
250.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(to)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1563 Tc
0.5515 Tw
(host protocol. So no )Tj
-273.75 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.03751 Tw
(new classification rule format is needed.)Tj
238.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-264.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1721 Tc
-0.02679 Tw
( Disadvantages:)Tj
105 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-105 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -12 TD
0.1597 Tc
5.3293 Tw
(It cannot differentiate among multiple instances of the same)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.0601 Tc
0 Tw
(application)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0.1499 Tc
-0.00459 Tw
( running on the same two communication end nodes.)Tj
285 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-348.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.17979 Tc
2.74921 Tw
(The reduced number of bits \(12 out of 16\) limits the value of )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.5786 Tw
(ports. In 12 bits only the "IANA well)Tj
219.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1698 Tc
0.53799 Tw
(known ports", that is from 1 )Tj
-225.75 -10.5 TD
0.1523 Tc
0.64211 Tw
(to 1023 and a subset of "IANA registered ports", that is from 1024 )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(to 4095. )Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
-0.1548 Tw
(Registered ports have values between 1024 and 65535.)Tj
302.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-381 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.3235 Tw
(6.4 Fourth approach )Tj
116.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
([draft)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.03281 Tc
(conta)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.03281 Tc
(label)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.0114 Tc
(02.txt])Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-325.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -12 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.9545 Tw
(The field occupied by host)Tj
155.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(to)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.15781 Tc
0.60361 Tw
(host protocol could be reduced to 1, )Tj
-178.5 -10.5 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.22501 Tw
(as TCP and UDP are the only well known protocols.)Tj
285 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.34621 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 )Tj
145.5 0 TD
0.23911 Tc
-0.33479 Tw
(2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)Tj
87 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-276.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.1106 Tc
0.1151 Tw
(| TCP Server port number |Res |0|)Tj
238.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
-0.0047 Tc
0.33749 Tw
(0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)Tj
226.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-270.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1012 Tw
(| UDP Server port numb)Tj
145.5 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.1429 Tw
(er |Res |1|)Tj
93 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
-0.0938 Tw
( The "Res" bits are reserved.)Tj
186 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-159.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1106 Tc
0.4722 Tw
(The "TCP Server Port Number" or "UDP Server Port Number" is the 16)Tj
386.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
0.19389 Tc
1.57069 Tw
(bit port number assigned to the server side of the client/server )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(application.)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-96 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1964 Tc
-0.0511 Tw
( Advantages:)Tj
87 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-87 -10.5 TD
-0.04221 Tw
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-23.25 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 12])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.1393 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-305.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.23911 Tc
0.8438 Tw
(Again the )Tj
62.25 0 TD
0.1624 Tc
1.39771 Tw
(classification field is a 5 or 6 element tuple. So new )Tj
-62.25 -11.25 TD
0.1384 Tc
0.1944 Tw
(classification rule is needed.)Tj
174 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-174 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
1.9649 Tw
(This approach keeps 16 bits for the port number so that all the )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.08279 Tc
7 Tw
("IANA well)Tj
65.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
7.08211 Tw
(known ports" and "IANA registered ports" can be)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-71.25 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.0144 Tw
(accommodated in these 16 bits.)Tj
174 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-174 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1721 Tc
0 Tw
(Disadvantages:)Tj
81 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-81 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.13879 Tc
1.8815 Tw
(This approach, too, cannot differentiate among multiple instances )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1283 Tc
1.43179 Tw
(of the same application running on the same two communication end )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
(nodes.)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-34.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1378 Tc
3.4677 Tw
(Reserving only 1 bit for the protocol field in the Flow Label)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1758 Tc
-0.17641 Tw
(restricts the use of any protocol other than TCP and)Tj
302.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
( UDP.)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-357.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(6.5 Fifth approach )Tj
110.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
([draft)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(conta)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(label)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
(02.txt])Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1749 Tc
-0.0921 Tw
( Header length format:)Tj
145.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-145.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1384 Tc
1.899 Tw
(Another possible solution is to store the length of IPv6 headers )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.17661 Tc
4.31529 Tw
(length that is the length of the IPv6 main headers and IPv6)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1687 Tc
2.03909 Tw
(extension headers preceding the host)Tj
218.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(to)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1624 Tc
1.2955 Tw
(host or transport header. )Tj
-241.5 -10.5 TD
0.1205 Tc
1.8373 Tw
(The length of IPv6 headers in the Flow Label value would provide )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.46249 Tw
(the information, which a DiffServ QoS engine classifier could use )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1886 Tc
2.66701 Tw
(to locate and fetch the source and destination ports and apply )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.2328 Tc
1.85001 Tw
(those along with the source and dest)Tj
222.75 0 TD
0.15421 Tc
1.9286 Tw
(ination address and host)Tj
146.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(to)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
0.11411 Tc
5.6937 Tw
(host protocol from the Flow Label, to match the source and)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1205 Tc
4.8998 Tw
(destination address, the source and destination ports and the)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1528 Tc
-0.0343 Tw
(protocol identifier elements of a DiffServ MF classifier.)Tj
331.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-357.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.2953 Tc
-0.33749 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)Tj
232.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-276.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.1624 Tc
-0.017 Tw
(|Length of IPv6 headers| H)Tj
151.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(to)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.22501 Tw
(H protocol|)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-282.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.03751 Tw
( Advantage:)Tj
81.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-81.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.33369 Tw
(\223Length of IPv6 headers\224 allows skipping the IPv6 headers to acces\
s )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1328 Tc
0.95 Tw
(directly the host)Tj
100.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(by)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.13721 Tc
0.38319 Tw
(host header for other purpo)Tj
158.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(ses. This format is )Tj
-282 -10.5 TD
0.101 Tc
0.4626 Tw
(useful for classifying packets that are not TCP or UDP, and have no )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.13091 Tc
0.2019 Tw
(source and destination ports.)Tj
168.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-168.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1721 Tc
0 Tw
(Disadvantages:)Tj
81 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-107.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.13091 Tc
4.28529 Tw
(IPv6 header does not include "Total Headers Length" field. So)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1338 Tc
0.274 Tw
(introducing this new field in the Flow Label puts extra com)Tj
345.75 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(putation )Tj
-345.75 -12 TD
0.1584 Tc
-0.07561 Tw
(to be done that may result in the processing delays.)Tj
302.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-302.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 13])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
6 0 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.125 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.1989 Tc
-0.0536 Tw
(Including "Length of IPv6 headers" in the Flow Label does not carry )Tj
T*
0.11121 Tc
0.2216 Tw
(any significance in case ESP is used for IP Security.)Tj
308.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-308.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1347 Tc
2.4481 Tw
(This approach is discarded in this paper because of the reasons )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.2005 Tc
3.6324 Tw
(given above. Again, )Tj
3.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(i)Tj
134.25 0 TD
0.17371 Tc
3.4805 Tw
(t does not carry any direct advantage in)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-134.25 -11.25 TD
0.0882 Tc
0.2446 Tw
(keeping the \223Length of IPv6 headers\224 in the Flow Label.)Tj
319.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1347 Tc
0.12309 Tw
(7. A modified specification for the IPv6 Flow Label and related)Tj
366 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-366 -12 TD
0.15179 Tc
-0.0235 Tw
( implementation mechanism: A hybrid approach suggested by this work)Tj
401.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-401.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.0601 Tc
0.27271 Tw
(7.1 Overview)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-69.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.96429 Tw
(This sec)Tj
47.25 0 TD
0.1528 Tc
0.17999 Tw
(tion specifies a modified Flow Label for IPv6 for providing )Tj
-47.25 -10.5 TD
0.1555 Tc
1.2682 Tw
(efficient Quality of Service that utilizes the results of some of )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1223 Tc
1.03551 Tw
(the works referred above, extends some of the suggested mechanisms )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1161 Tc
0.09171 Tw
(and finally presents an integrated hybrid approach.)Tj
296.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-322.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.1667 Tw
(7.2 Defini)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.13429 Tc
-0.0827 Tw
(tion of first three bits of the Flow Label)Tj
243.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-276 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1523 Tc
1.81689 Tw
(As a hybrid approach is suggested in this document that includes )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1489 Tc
6.18401 Tw
(various approaches already mentioned earlier in the previous)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.22569 Tc
3.4071 Tw
(section, the management of the 20)Tj
211.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1964 Tc
3.28641 Tw
(bits in the IPv6 Flow Label)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-217.5 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
3.6875 Tw
(becomes very critical. )Tj
4.08279 Tc
0 Tw
(T)Tj
150 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
4.125 Tw
(he 20)Tj
33 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.4231 Tw
(bits of the Flow Label should be )Tj
-189 -11.25 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.33369 Tw
(defined in an appropriate manner so that the various approaches can )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1223 Tc
0.4151 Tw
(be included to produce a more efficient hybrid solution. Hence, for )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.13091 Tc
1.11259 Tw
(this purpose, the first 3 bits of the IPv6 Flow Label are used to )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.10201 Tc
2.4808 Tw
(define the appr)Tj
91.5 0 TD
0.1405 Tc
1.48779 Tw
(oach used and the next 17 bits are used to define )Tj
-91.5 -12 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(the format used in a particular approach.)Tj
238.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-238.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.2005 Tc
1.7477 Tw
(Following is the bit pattern for the first 3 bits of Flow Label )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(that define the type of the approach used:)Tj
243.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-243.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
-0.16721 Tc
0.3125 Tw
( 0 0 0 )Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
21.75 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
0 Tw
(Default)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-102.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
( 0 0 1)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
27.75 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.10001 Tw
(A random number is used to defi)Tj
180 0 TD
(ne the Flow Label.)Tj
105 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-347.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
( 0 1 0)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
27.75 0 TD
0.19 Tc
-0.1571 Tw
(The value given in the Hop)Tj
151.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(by)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(Hop extension header is )Tj
139.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-376.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
18 0 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(used instead the Flow Label.)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-225 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
-0.16721 Tc
0.3125 Tw
( 0 1 1 )Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
21.75 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
-0.0208 Tw
(Multi Field Classifier is used.)Tj
180 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-268.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
( 1 0 0)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
27.75 0 TD
0.1861 Tc
-0.3033 Tw
(A format that includes the port number and the protocol )Tj
325.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-414 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
18 0 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.19 Tc
-0.1571 Tw
(in the Flow Label is used.)Tj
151.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-213.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
( 1 0 1)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
27.75 0 TD
0.1235 Tc
0.0426 Tw
(A new definition explained later in this section is )Tj
302.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-364.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
18 0 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(used.)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-91.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 14])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -11.25 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -10.5 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
( 1 1 0)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
27.75 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(Reserved for future use.)Tj
139.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-201.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
-0.16721 Tc
0.3125 Tw
( 1 1 1 )Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
21.75 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(Reserved for future use.)Tj
139.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-228 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1523 Tc
2.5806 Tw
(This definition of Flow Label includes IntServ and DiffServ and )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1597 Tc
0.9231 Tw
(includes above)Tj
81.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14951 Tc
0.2771 Tw
(mentioned options for defining Flow Label. A further )Tj
-87.75 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(explanat)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0.1698 Tc
1.7312 Tw
(ion of these options is provided in the remaining of the )Tj
-46.5 -10.5 TD
0.14191 Tc
2.0659 Tw
(document. The default value specifies that the datagram does not )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1151 Tc
0.2177 Tw
(need any special Quality of Service.)Tj
209.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-235.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1573 Tc
-0.0495 Tw
(7.3 Defining the remaining 17 bits of the IPv6 Flow Label)Tj
331.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-331.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.15781 Tc
1.2464 Tw
(The remaining 17 bits of the IPv6 Flo)Tj
225 0 TD
0.1046 Tc
0.9783 Tw
(w Label are defined based on )Tj
-225 -10.5 TD
0.1489 Tc
1.10699 Tw
(the approach defined in the first three bits of the Flow Label as )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
(mentioned in the previous section.)Tj
197.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-223.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
0.1765 Tw
(7.3.1 Random Number)Tj
110.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-110.25 -12 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.11459 Tc
0.9057 Tw
(As specified in IPv6 specification, a random number can be used to )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.13091 Tc
0.5769 Tw
(define the Flow Label. Here a 17)Tj
189 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(bit )Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.1228 Tc
0.08501 Tw
(random number can be used. The )Tj
-218.25 -10.5 TD
0.1064 Tc
1.3226 Tw
(random numbers can be generated in the range from 1 to 1FFFF. The )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1319 Tc
1.5509 Tw
(advantages and disadvantages of using a random number are already )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13879 Tc
1.0273 Tw
(discussed in the previous section. Keeping the IPv6 specifications )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
3.9286 Tw
(in mind, the authors of th)Tj
171 0 TD
0.1328 Tc
3.64999 Tw
(is document believe that the random)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-171 -10.5 TD
0.09219 Tc
1.9906 Tw
(number can be used as one of the approaches. As other approaches )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1523 Tc
1.81689 Tw
(are defined in the Flow Label, this random number approach might )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13721 Tc
0.0457 Tw
(not be used whenever not feasible or efficient to do so.)Tj
325.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-325.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -12 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
-0.6563 Tw
( )Tj
5.25 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.2227 Tc
0.0042 Tw
(0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7)Tj
81 0 TD
-0.3477 Tc
0.15939 Tw
( 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 )Tj
137.25 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-258.75 -9.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
(|0 0 1|)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(Pseudo )Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
-0.017 Tw
( Random value |)Tj
133.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
/N6 11.625 Tf
0 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
0.1731 Tw
(7.3.2 Using Hop)Tj
87 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(by)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
-0.25 Tw
(Hop extension header)Tj
116.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-226.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
0.6765 Tw
(As defined in [draft)Tj
118.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
(banerj)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(ee)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
(quality)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
(service)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.0601 Tc
1.02271 Tw
(00.txt], Hop)Tj
70.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
-386.25 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
2.1106 Tw
(Hop extension header can be used for defining the Flow Label in )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1228 Tc
2.57539 Tw
(case IntServ is used. In this case the value given in the Flow )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.13721 Tc
2.6707 Tw
(Label is not used to provide Quality of Service. The Hop)Tj
351.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.41721 Tc
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(Hop )Tj
-375 -10.5 TD
0.1964 Tc
1.6364 Tw
(extension has been sugges)Tj
150.75 0 TD
0.2419 Tc
0.9659 Tw
(ted and defined in the reference [draft)Tj
235.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
-386.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
(banerjee)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
(quality)Tj
41.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
(service)Tj
41.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1776 Tc
2.85519 Tw
(00.txt]. In that document, the Hop)Tj
212.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
-386.25 -10.5 TD
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
1.26401 Tw
(Hop extension header has been defined to be used with IntServ. )Tj
-17.25 -11.25 TD
0.1384 Tc
1.2569 Tw
(The same can be used to define for DiffServ also. That discussion )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.05161 Tc
0.2813 Tw
(is outside the scop)Tj
110.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(e of this document.)Tj
110.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-246.75 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
6 0 TD
( )Tj
29.25 0 TD
-0.6563 Tw
( )Tj
5.25 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.33521 Tc
0.1488 Tw
(0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 \
8 9 )Tj
218.25 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-258.75 -9.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
(|0 1 0|)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.0643 Tw
( Don\222t care |)Tj
180 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( +)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(Rahul Ban)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.0106 Tw
(erjee [Page 15])Tj
360 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
87.75 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-337.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(7.3.3 Using Multi Field C)Tj
145.5 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
0 Tw
(lassifier)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-198 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.46249 Tw
(As mentioned in the previous section, DiffServ with MF classifier )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.17101 Tc
0.8618 Tw
(can be used. In that case the format of the Flow Label will be as )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1964 Tc
-0.6136 Tw
(shown below:)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-69.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
9 -12 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.33521 Tc
0.1405 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7\
8 9 )Tj
224.25 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-259.5 -10.5 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
-0.0677 Tw
(|0 1 1| DiffServ IPv6 Flow Label |)Tj
249.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( +)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-258.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1749 Tc
5.1579 Tw
(As suggested in [draft)Tj
144 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.03281 Tc
(conta)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.03281 Tc
(label)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
5.0625 Tw
(02.txt], this Flow)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-277.5 -10.5 TD
0.1597 Tc
0.24809 Tw
(Label can be PHB ID \(Per Hop Behavior Identification Code\). In)Tj
363 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
( this )Tj
-363 -11.25 TD
0.1185 Tc
3.96429 Tw
(case 1 16)Tj
59.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.12131 Tc
3.41611 Tw
(bit PHB ID will be used and the remaining 1 bit is)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-65.25 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(reserved for future use.)Tj
139.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-165.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
35.25 -12.75 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.33521 Tc
0.1405 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7\
8 9 )Tj
224.25 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-259.5 -9.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.1698 Tc
-0.08701 Tw
(|0 1 1| Per Hop Behavior Iden)Tj
168 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.01669 Tw
(t. Code |R|)Tj
81.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( +)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(\221R\222 is reserved.)Tj
93 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-93 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.98109 Tw
(Packets coming into the provider network can be policed based on )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.09669 Tc
1.4861 Tw
(the Flow Label. The provider, based on the SLAs, SLSs, TCAs, TCSs )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
3.58929 Tw
(agreed with the client configures MF clas)Tj
258.75 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.9375 Tw
(sifiers. This document )Tj
-258.75 -11.25 TD
0.17419 Tc
2.7496 Tw
(specifies the classifier to be a little different from the one )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
13.64999 Tw
(suggested in the [draft)Tj
174.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(conta)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(label)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
13.7045 Tw
(02.txt]. The)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-309 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(classifier looks like:)Tj
127.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-127.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1393 Tc
0.0435 Tw
(C = \(SA/SAPrefix, DA/DAPrefix, Flow)Tj
209.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1185 Tc
(label\).)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-255.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
-0.04221 Tc
-0.375 Tw
(Or )Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-17.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1219 Tc
0.21091 Tw
(C` = \(SA/SAPrefix, DA/DAPrefix, Flow)Tj
209.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(Label)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.0601 Tc
0.27271 Tw
(Min: Range\).)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1223 Tc
0.4151 Tw
(The range here specifies the difference between the maximum and the )Tj
T*
0.1185 Tc
0.96429 Tw
(minimum Flow Label. The significance of using the range instead of )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.98109 Tw
(Maximum Flow Label is the reduced number of bits. Definitely the )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1001 Tc
3.83279 Tw
(difference between the two values )Tj
3.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(c)Tj
220.5 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
2.5795 Tw
(an be specified in a lesser )Tj
-220.5 -10.5 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.2019 Tw
(number of bits as compared to the value itself.)Tj
273 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-273 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(Flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(Label)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1964 Tc
(Classifier:)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-127.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1423 Tc
0.19051 Tw
(IPv6SourceAddressValue/Prefix: 10:11:12:13:14:15:16:17:18::1/128)Tj
378 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-378 -11.25 TD
0.1528 Tc
-0.00751 Tw
(IPv6DestAddressValue/Prefix: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8::2/128)Tj
313.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-313.5 -10.5 TD
0.1721 Tc
-0.21429 Tw
(IPv6 Flow Label:)Tj
93 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
13.5 0 TD
( )Tj
44.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( 50)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-197.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(Or)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-11.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(Ra)Tj
12 0 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.0174 Tw
(hul Banerjee [Page 16])Tj
400.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
ET
PDFVars/TermAll get exec end end
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.16611 Tc
0 Tw
(IPv6SourceAddressV)Tj
104.25 0 TD
0.14951 Tc
0.1833 Tw
(alue/Prefix: 10:11:12:13:14:15:16:17:18::1/128)Tj
273.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-378 -11.25 TD
0.1528 Tc
-0.00751 Tw
(IPv6DestAddressValue/Prefix: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8::2/128)Tj
313.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-313.5 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
(IPv6 Flow Label:Range:)Tj
127.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.01669 Tw
( 10:20 )Tj
186 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-336.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1205 Tc
3.7123 Tw
(Incoming Packet header \(SA, DA, Flow Label\) is matched against)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1259 Tc
0.20689 Tw
(classification rules table entry )Tj
192 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
0.375 Tw
(\(C or C`\).)Tj
57.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-276 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.0896 Tc
0.24319 Tw
(7.3.4 Using the Port Number and the Protocol)Tj
255.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-255.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -12 TD
0.1347 Tc
3.61481 Tw
(An approach already discussed in this document in the previous)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1051 Tc
1.0459 Tw
(section defines Flow Label by including the server port number and )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1185 Tc
3.21429 Tw
(the host)Tj
49.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.41721 Tc
(to)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14101 Tc
2.60851 Tw
(host protocol. The \223Server Port Number\224 is the port )Tj
-72.75 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(numb)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.1235 Tc
9.2093 Tw
(er assigned to the server side of the client/server)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-23.25 -11.25 TD
0.1687 Tc
0.53909 Tw
(applications. As specified in [draft)Tj
212.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(conta)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(label)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(02.txt], )Tj
-345.75 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.5721 Tw
(this approach reserves 16 bits for the port number and 1 bit for )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.1909 Tw
(the protocol with the remaining bits reserved for the future use. )Tj
383.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-383.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
9 -12.75 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.2227 Tc
-0.2637 Tw
( 0)Tj
8.25 0 TD
-0.34109 Tc
0.15469 Tw
( 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 \
8 9 )Tj
213.75 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-257.25 -10.5 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.10001 Tw
(|1 0 0| )Tj
46.5 0 TD
0.0565 Tc
0.27631 Tw
(TCP Server port number)Tj
127.5 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
-0.1738 Tw
( )Tj
52.5 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
-0.16721 Tc
0 Tw
(|0|)Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-279 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( +)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-258.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
9 -12.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
-0.6563 Tw
( )Tj
5.25 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.2227 Tc
0.04311 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 )Tj
42 0 TD
-0.3633 Tc
0.177 Tw
( 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 )Tj
178.5 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-261 -9 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -12 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.10001 Tw
(|1 0 0| )Tj
46.5 0 TD
0.0565 Tc
0.27631 Tw
(UDP Server port number)Tj
127.5 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
-0.1738 Tw
( )Tj
52.5 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
-0.16721 Tc
0 Tw
(|1|)Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-279 -10.5 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0313 Tw
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.22031 Tc
1.425 Tw
(But this approach puts t)Tj
145.5 0 TD
0.09019 Tc
1.3676 Tw
(he restriction on the protocol to be used )Tj
-145.5 -11.25 TD
0.1122 Tc
0.2206 Tw
(by any application. )Tj
116.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-116.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.75 Tw
(As most of the application seeking Real)Tj
229.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.09419 Tc
0.2386 Tw
(time service use TCP or UDP )Tj
-235.5 -10.5 TD
0.1283 Tc
1.43179 Tw
(as the transport layer protocol, this approach would work fine in )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.11411 Tc
2.9937 Tw
(most of the cases. In case the application requires to use)Tj
366 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
1.75 Tw
( any )Tj
-366 -11.25 TD
0.2495 Tc
1.5833 Tw
(other host)Tj
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0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(to)Tj
12 0 TD
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.5938 Tw
(host protocol, the other methods for specifying the )Tj
-83.25 -11.25 TD
0.1064 Tc
2.61279 Tw
(Flow Label, discussed in this section can be used. Anyhow, this )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1416 Tc
3.7912 Tw
(method for specifying the port number and the protocol can be)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
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0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
(exploited further in the future to remove any limitations.)Tj
336.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-363 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1347 Tc
0.0731 Tw
(7.3.5 A new structure and mechanism for the use of the Flow Label)Tj
378 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-378 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1205 Tc
1.04559 Tw
(This section describes an innovative approach to define the 20)Tj
369 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.25 Tw
(bit )Tj
-375 -11.25 TD
0.1064 Tc
0.8157 Tw
(Flow Label field in IPv6 header. By the optimal use of the bits in )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.13721 Tc
4.32069 Tw
(the Flow Label, this approach includes the various Qua)Tj
348 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
4 Tw
(lity of)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-348 -12 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.8295 Tw
(Service parameters in the IPv6 Flow Label that may be requested by )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.101 Tc
0.2318 Tw
(any application. The various Quality of Service parameters are:)Tj
366 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-392.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
17.25 -10.5 TD
0.1283 Tc
-0.1705 Tw
( 1. Bandwidth)Tj
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( )Tj
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0.1922 Tc
-0.04691 Tw
( 2. Delay or Latency)Tj
116.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-116.25 -10.5 TD
0.23911 Tc
-0.2813 Tw
( 3. Jitter)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-58.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-17.25 -10.5 TD
0.13541 Tc
0.0174 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 1)Tj
401.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(7])Tj
11.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
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105 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-17.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-320.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.20779 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( 4. Packet Loss)Tj
87.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-87.75 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.10001 Tw
( 5. Buffer Requirements)Tj
134.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-151.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.61459 Tw
(As packet loss and the jitter are always des)Tj
267 0 TD
0.1563 Tc
0.6265 Tw
(ired to be minimum by )Tj
-267 -10.5 TD
0.1106 Tc
2.0631 Tw
(any application, these two parameters need not be defined in the )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.03281 Tc
0.3 Tw
(Flow Label.)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-90 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.09669 Tc
1.4861 Tw
(Quality of Service parameters that are to be included in the Flow )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.2495 Tc
-0.6667 Tw
(Label are:)Tj
57.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-84 -12 TD
( )Tj
17.25 -10.5 TD
0.151 Tc
0.07471 Tw
( 1. Bandwidth \(to be expressed in kbps\).)Tj
232.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-232.5 -11.25 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.1179 Tw
( 2. Delay \(to be expressed in nanosec)Tj
215.25 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
(onds\).)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-250.5 -10.5 TD
0.1933 Tc
-0.2355 Tw
( 3. Buffer requirements \(to be expressed in bytes\).)Tj
297 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-314.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1205 Tc
0.3123 Tw
(As there are only 17 bits left, the optimal use of the bits is very )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1106 Tc
1.4097 Tw
(important so as to obtain the maximum information out of those 17 )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1378 Tc
0.07001 Tw
(bits. The first bit out of these 17 bits is used to differenti)Tj
360 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(ate )Tj
23.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-383.25 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.98109 Tw
(between the hard real time and soft real time applications. This )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.12691 Tc
0.62779 Tw
(bit is set to 0 for soft real time applications and it is set to 1 )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(for hard real time applications.)Tj
186 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-212.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1528 Tc
-0.07001 Tw
(Soft Real time applications:)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-189 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
35.25 -12 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
-0.6563 Tw
( )Tj
5.25 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.338 Tc
0.1517 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 )Tj
144 0 TD
-0.4369 Tc
0.2899 Tw
(3 4 5 6 7 8 9 )Tj
76.5 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-261 -9.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.1122 Tc
0.0475 Tw
(|1 0 1|0| Flow Label |)Tj
249.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -12 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( +)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
2.1875 Tw
(This service is meant for RTT \(Real Time Tolerant\) or soft real )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
1.6875 Tw
(time applications)Tj
100.5 0 TD
0.15421 Tc
0.83479 Tw
(, which have an average bandwidth requirement and )Tj
-100.5 -10.5 TD
0.1122 Tc
2.4706 Tw
(an intermediate end)Tj
114.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.41721 Tc
(to)Tj
11.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.16141 Tc
1.2027 Tw
(end delay for an arbitrary packet. Even if )Tj
-138 -11.25 TD
0.1106 Tc
1.4097 Tw
(the minimum or maximum values specified in the Flow Label are not )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
2.91479 Tw
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0 -11.25 TD
0.2578 Tc
0.825 Tw
(provided. T)Tj
65.25 0 TD
0.1413 Tc
0.8582 Tw
(hese RTI applications demand weak bounds on the maximum )Tj
-65.25 -11.25 TD
0.1078 Tc
-0.02499 Tw
(delay over the network.)Tj
133.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-133.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1528 Tc
-0.07001 Tw
(Hard Real time applications:)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-189 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
35.25 -12.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
-0.6563 Tw
( )Tj
5.25 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.3727 Tc
0.19991 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 \
8 9 )Tj
220.5 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-261 -9 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.02679 Tw
(|1 0 1|1| )Tj
63.75 0 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.0545 Tw
( Flow Label |)Tj
186 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( +)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -12 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.3333 Tw
(This service is meant for RTI \(Real Time Intolerant\) or hard Real )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14191 Tc
3.2847 Tw
(Time applications, which demand minimal latency and jitter. For)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
11.14999 Tw
(example, consider a two)Tj
168 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.2005 Tc
10.6324 Tw
(person videoconfer)Tj
115.5 0 TD
0.08279 Tc
11.5 Tw
(ence. Delay is)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-288.75 -11.25 TD
0.14191 Tc
1.35001 Tw
(unacceptable and ends should be brought as close as possible. The )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.20351 Tc
-0.39571 Tw
(whole application should simulate two persons talking face to face. )Tj
395.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-395.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 18])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.13091 Tc
-0.0481 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Spec)Tj
186 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0804 Tw
(ification for use of the February 2002)Tj
226.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.15179 Tc
1.7748 Tw
(For this videoconference case, the required resource reservations )Tj
T*
-0.16721 Tc
0 Tw
(are)Tj
17.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-43.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
17.25 0 TD
( )Tj
9 -11.25 TD
0.11571 Tc
0.0504 Tw
( a. Constant bandwidth for the application tr)Tj
273 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(affic)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-302.25 -10.5 TD
0.1698 Tc
-0.13699 Tw
( b. Deterministic Minimum delay that can be tolerated.)Tj
325.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-334.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
9 -16.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.0208 Tw
(These types of applications can decrease delay by increasing )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(demands for bandwidth.)Tj
127.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-127.5 -17.25 TD
0.1106 Tc
1.4097 Tw
(The minimum or maximum values specified in the Flow Label have to )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14 Tc
0.08569 Tw
(be exactly met for these kind of applicati)Tj
243.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(ons.)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-276 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
9 -10.5 TD
0.1721 Tc
0.638 Tw
(After keeping one bit for Hard/Soft real time applications, we are )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1384 Tc
1.2569 Tw
(left with 16 bits for defining the Flow Label. The remaining part )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14861 Tc
0.2524 Tw
(of this section discusses how to represent the values of bandwidth, )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.19389 Tc
-0.3611 Tw
(delay and buffer requirements.)Tj
174 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-183 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
9 -11.25 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.2045 Tw
(1. Bandwidth)Tj
69.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-69.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
-0.16721 Tc
0 Tw
(Thi)Tj
17.25 0 TD
0.1228 Tc
0.7457 Tw
(s definition specifies 6 bits out of the 16 bits to be used for )Tj
-17.25 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
1.8 Tw
(specifying the bandwidth value. The application can demand for a )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1347 Tc
0.6803 Tw
(minimum or a maximum value of bandwidth. So one bit out of these 6 )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1122 Tc
0.55389 Tw
(bits is used for specifying whether the application is askin)Tj
351.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.5 Tw
(g for a )Tj
-351.75 -10.5 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.0735 Tw
(minimum value of bandwidth or a maximum.)Tj
232.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-258.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(0 )Tj
11.25 0 TD
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.03751 Tw
( minimum expected value is specified.)Tj
215.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-232.5 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(1 )Tj
11.25 0 TD
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.03751 Tw
( maximum expected value is specified.)Tj
215.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-258.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -12.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0 Tw
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.33521 Tc
0.1501 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 \
8 9 )Tj
219.75 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-243 -9.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
-0.0313 Tw
( )Tj
17.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-267 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.03751 Tw
( |1 0 1|1|0| |)Tj
267 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-267 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.25 Tw
( +)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-293.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.1091 Tc
0.4964 Tw
(In the above bit sequence, the application uses this new definition )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1523 Tc
0.64211 Tw
(for defining the Flow Label, as described by the first 3 bits. The )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.16611 Tc
0 Tw
(applicati)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.6545 Tw
(on is a hard real time, as evident by the 4)Tj
255.75 3 TD
/N6 6.53909 Tf
-0.1734 Tc
0 Tw
(th)Tj
8.25 -3 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.1078 Tc
0.22501 Tw
( bit. It asks )Tj
-316.5 -11.25 TD
0.1416 Tc
2.03729 Tw
(for a minimum bandwidth of value that will be described in the )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
(next few bits.)Tj
81 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-107.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1772 Tc
0.4771 Tw
(The 5 bits for the bandwidth can be exploited in two ways as shown )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
(below:)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-60.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
( Approach 1:)Tj
87 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-87 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.09599 Tc
0.7993 Tw
(This approach uses a si)Tj
136.5 0 TD
0.11571 Tc
0.2171 Tw
(mple formula to calculate the bandwidth from )Tj
-136.5 -11.25 TD
0.11459 Tc
1.5136 Tw
(the five bits. The following values of bandwidths can be obtained )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.0444 Tc
0.2885 Tw
(for various bit)Tj
87 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(sequences.)Tj
57.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-177 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
-0.04221 Tw
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-23.25 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 19])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-412.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
87.75 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
-0.04221 Tw
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-23.25 -10.5 TD
0.1721 Tc
-0.08929 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specif)Tj
198 0 TD
0.1328 Tc
0.0929 Tw
(ication for use of the February 2002)Tj
214.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-337.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
( 00000 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
5.25 0 TD
-0.375 Tw
( 32 kbps)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-110.25 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
( 00001 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
5.25 0 TD
-0.375 Tw
( 64 kbps)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-110.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( .)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( .)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( .)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
( 00111 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
( 4 mbps)Tj
41.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-105 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( .)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( .)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( .)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -12 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
( 01111 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
( 1 gbps)Tj
41.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-105 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( .)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
17.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
( .)Tj
12 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.1875 Tw
( .)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
( 11111 )Tj
58.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
5.25 0 TD
-0.375 Tw
( 64 tbps)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-110.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.98109 Tw
(The formula used here to calculate the bandwidth in decimal from )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.05161 Tc
0.2813 Tw
(the bit pattern is:)Tj
110.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-136.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -12 TD
0.1721 Tc
-0.08929 Tw
(Bandwidth \(in decimal\) = 2^B * 32.)Tj
197.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-223.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1384 Tc
1.2569 Tw
(Where B is the decimal equivalent of the bandwidth specified in 5 )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(bits.)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.03281 Tc
0.3 Tw
(Approach 2:)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-63.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1922 Tc
0.89059 Tw
(This approach uses)Tj
106.5 0 TD
0.12131 Tc
0.81149 Tw
( a lookup table that maps the value mentioned in )Tj
-106.5 -11.25 TD
0.14191 Tc
0.7534 Tw
(the bandwidth field of the Flow Label to the value already defined )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1283 Tc
1.43179 Tw
(in the lookup table. These values have to be universally accepted )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(and uniformly defined in all the routers and end)Tj
279 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
(nodes.)Tj
34.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-319.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1185 Tc
1.21429 Tw
(In the opinion of)Tj
102 0 TD
0.1682 Tc
0.498 Tw
( the authors, using first approach will result in )Tj
-102 -10.5 TD
0.101 Tc
0.9818 Tw
(saving the time for lookup in providing the quality of service. In )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1259 Tc
0.4319 Tw
(event of the requirement of certain intermediate values, the second )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1051 Tc
1.72771 Tw
(approach could be used. However whichever alternative is used, it )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(shall)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.12691 Tc
0.8877 Tw
( be recommended in the final version of this specification to )Tj
-29.25 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(use only one of these approaches, preferably the former.)Tj
325.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-325.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
(2. Buffer Requirements)Tj
127.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-127.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1205 Tc
0.748 Tw
(This definition specifies 6 bits out of the 16 bits to be used for )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1528 Tc
-0.07001 Tw
(specifying the buffer value.)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-162.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(00000 )Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
0.375 Tw
( 512 byt)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(es)Tj
12 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-99 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(00001 )Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
-0.2679 Tw
( 1 kbytes)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-93 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -12 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 20])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.08279 Tc
0.1667 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid)Tj
209.25 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
( approach.)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(00111 )Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
( 64 kbytes)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-99 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(01111 )Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.1875 Tw
( 16 mbytes)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-99 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(11111 )Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
-0.2679 Tw
( 1 tbytes)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-93 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.3333 Tw
(The formula used here to calculate the buffer in decimal from the )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.0444 Tc
0.2885 Tw
(bit pattern is:)Tj
87 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-113.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.0769 Tw
(Buffer \(in decimal\) = 2^B * 512.)Tj
186 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-212.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1228 Tc
3.06 Tw
(Where B is the decimal equivalent of the buffer specified in)Tj
378 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
1.125 Tw
( 5 )Tj
-378 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(bits.)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-55.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -12 TD
0.1185 Tc
0.21429 Tw
(3. Delay)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-46.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1205 Tc
0.748 Tw
(This definition specifies 5 bits out of the 16 bits to be used for )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1228 Tc
7.0538 Tw
(specifying the delay value. The application can tolerate a)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1555 Tc
0.17731 Tw
(specified value of delay. So the five bits left for the delay value )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1078 Tc
0.22501 Tw
(can be used in the following manner:)Tj
209.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-235.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0 Tw
(0000)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(0 )Tj
11.25 0 TD
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
-0.25 Tw
( 4 nanoseconds)Tj
81.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-122.25 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(00001 )Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.20779 Tc
-0.25 Tw
( 8 nanoseconds)Tj
81.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-122.25 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -12 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(01000 )Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.21741 Tc
-0.2596 Tw
( 1 microseconds)Tj
87 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-127.5 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(.)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-6 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(11111 )Tj
34.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(\226)Tj
6 0 TD
0.23911 Tc
-0.2813 Tw
( 8 seconds)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-125.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
6 0 TD
( )Tj
20.25 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
1.3333 Tw
(The formula used here to calculate the buffer in decimal from the )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.0444 Tc
0.2885 Tw
(bit pattern is:)Tj
87 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-113.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.0378 Tw
(Delay \(in decimal\) = 2^B * 4 nanoseconds.)Tj
238.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-264.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -11.25 TD
0.1259 Tc
-0.04311 Tw
(Where B is the decimal equivalent o)Tj
203.25 0 TD
0.10201 Tc
0.1058 Tw
(f the delay specified in 5 bits.)Tj
186 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-415.5 -12.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
35.25 -12.75 TD
-0.6563 Tw
( )Tj
5.25 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.3727 Tc
0.19991 Tw
( 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 \
8 9 )Tj
220.5 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-261 -9.75 TD
/N13 11.625 Tf
0.0938 Tw
( )Tj
12 0 TD
( )Tj
23.25 0 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
-0.0677 Tw
(|1 0 1|1|0|0 0 0 0 1|0 0 0 0 1| 0 0 0 0 1 |)Tj
249.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -10.5 TD
0.33279 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( +)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(+)Tj
6 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-285 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 21])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
114 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-311.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.33279 Tc
1.5 Tw
(In the a)Tj
49.5 0 TD
0.1338 Tc
1.3656 Tw
(bove bit pattern, the application uses our new definition )Tj
-49.5 -11.25 TD
0.1347 Tc
-0.0162 Tw
(of the Flow Label. It is a hard real time application. It asks for )Tj
389.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-389.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.03461 Tw
(a minimum bandwidth of 64 Kbps at any time, a buffer requirement of )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.04849 Tw
(1 kilobyte and can tolerate a minimum delay of 8 nanoseconds.)Tj
354.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-381 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.20779 Tc
-0.625 Tw
(8. Conclusion)Tj
75.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-75.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
26.25 -12 TD
0.1283 Tc
2.1545 Tw
(This report has dealt extensively with all the suggested formats )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.05161 Tc
1.0313 Tw
(for defining the 20)Tj
112.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1405 Tc
0.10899 Tw
(bit IPv6 Flow Label and finally has suggested a )Tj
-118.5 -11.25 TD
0.1682 Tc
4.6646 Tw
(hybrid approach for efficiently defining the 20)Tj
302.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1283 Tc
4.3295 Tw
(bit IPv6 Flow)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-308.25 -10.5 TD
0.16141 Tc
1.9527 Tw
(Label. The emphasis of this work is to resu)Tj
265.5 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
0.5417 Tw
(lt into a practically )Tj
-265.5 -11.25 TD
0.16299 Tc
4.5761 Tw
(acceptable specification that could be effectively used for a)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1106 Tc
2.8472 Tw
(reasonably long period of time for implementing IPv6 Quality of )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1922 Tc
4.23151 Tw
(Service that so far has been elusive in absence of a clear,)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.14 Tc
0.1929 Tw
(verifiable and complete specification.)Tj
220.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-220.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
( )Tj
-26.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
( )Tj
T*
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.15421 Tc
-0.0014 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee [Page 22])Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-412.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
87.75 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -11.25 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -10.5 TD
0.1106 Tc
0.1472 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid )Tj
215.25 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
0 Tw
(approach.)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-337.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.0984 Tc
0 Tw
(Acknowledgements)Tj
93 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-93 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
17.25 -10.5 TD
0.14211 Tc
0.6407 Tw
(Authors acknowledge technical inputs and support from the members of )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1283 Tc
3.3712 Tw
(the \223Project IPv6@BITS\224 at the Birla Institute of Technology and)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1597 Tc
6.4543 Tw
(Science, Pilani, India, Dr. Latif Ladid of Ericsson Telebit,)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.9375 Tw
(\(Luxembourg\); Dr. Torsten Braun)Tj
182.25 0 TD
0.6875 Tw
( of University of Bern \(Switzerland\); )Tj
-182.25 -10.5 TD
0.21741 Tc
3.6404 Tw
(Dr. Pascal Lorenz of I.U.T. at the University of Haute Alsace,)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1772 Tc
4.3223 Tw
(Colmar \(France\); Dr. S. Rao of Telscom A.G. \(Switzerland\); Dr.)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1185 Tc
2.53931 Tw
(Bernardo Martinez of Versaware Inc. \(Spain\); Juan Quemada of UPM, )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.2045 Tw
(Madrid \(Spain\) and Dr. Mer)Tj
151.5 0 TD
0.0471 Tc
0.28571 Tw
(ce and Dr. Paulo at the EC.)Tj
156.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-308.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1749 Tc
1.99879 Tw
(Authors gratefully acknowledge the works of many dedicated brains )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1618 Tc
0.4211 Tw
(at the IETF and elsewhere, sections or extracts of which have helped )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1624 Tc
-0.017 Tw
(us to shape this document.)Tj
151.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-151.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-17.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(References)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-58.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
17.25 -12 TD
0.1266 Tc
0.0396 Tw
([RFC 2460] RFC 2460, Internet Protocol version)Tj
285 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.22501 Tw
( 6 Specification.)Tj
99 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-384 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.0412 Tw
([RFC 1809] C. Partridge, RFC 1809, \223Using the Flow Label Field )Tj
384 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-384 -10.5 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.03751 Tw
( in IPv6\224.)Tj
134.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-134.25 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1828 Tc
-0.16251 Tw
([RFC 2676] RFC 2676, QoS Routing Mechanisms and OSPF Extensions.)Tj
390 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-390 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
0.1609 Tc
-0.01559 Tw
([RFC 1633] RFC 1633, Integrated Services in the Internet )Tj
348.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-279 -11.25 TD
0.1597 Tc
0.1731 Tw
( Architecture:)Tj
87.75 0 TD
0.1964 Tc
-0.2386 Tw
( an overview.)Tj
75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-162.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-69.75 -12 TD
0.1749 Tc
-0.11481 Tw
([RFC 2475] RFC 2475, An Architecture for Differentiated Services.)Tj
395.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-395.25 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
-17.25 -11.25 TD
0.1776 Tc
-0.14481 Tw
(References to the work in progress)Tj
198 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-180.75 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.20779 Tc
0 Tw
([draft)Tj
35.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(banerjee)Tj
46.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
(quality)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.22569 Tc
(service)Tj
40.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1046 Tc
0.2283 Tw
(00.txt] Rahul Banerjee, N. )Tj
168.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-302.25 -10.5 TD
0.1283 Tc
0.2045 Tw
(Preethi, M. Sethuraman, \223)Tj
145.5 0 TD
0.1228 Tc
0.21001 Tw
(Design and Implementation of)Tj
162.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-308.25 -11.25 TD
0.03281 Tc
0.3 Tw
(the Quality)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(of)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.15179 Tc
0.056 Tw
(Service in IPv6 using the modified )Tj
203.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-290.25 -11.25 TD
-0.16721 Tc
0 Tw
(Hop)Tj
17.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
(by)Tj
11.25 0 TD
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.2083 Tw
(Hop Extension header )Tj
122.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
-0.2019 Tw
( A Transitional)Tj
87 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-255.75 -10.5 TD
0.0601 Tc
0 Tw
(Mechanism\224.)Tj
63.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-162.75 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.20779 Tc
-0.125 Tw
( [draft)Tj
52.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(conta)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.04221 Tc
(ipv6)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
(flow)Tj
23.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
(label)Tj
28.5 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1384 Tc
-0.0556 Tw
(02.txt] A. Conta, B. Carpenter, )Tj
209.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-325.5 -11.25 TD
0.1393 Tc
0.05721 Tw
( \223A proposal for the IPv6 Flow Label\224.)Tj
244.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-297 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.03281 Tc
0 Tw
([NGNI)Tj
29.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
-0.16721 Tc
(MMI)Tj
17.25 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.1635 Tc
4.1694 Tw
(QoS: D1] Rahul Banerjee \(BITS\), Juan )Tj
4.08279 Tc
0 Tw
(Q)Tj
246.75 0 TD
0.1597 Tc
4.2981 Tw
(uemda \(UPM\), P.)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-305.25 -10.5 TD
0.1647 Tc
3.16811 Tw
(Lorenz \(UHA\), Torsten Braun \(UoB\), Bernardo Martinez \(Versaware\):)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(")Tj
6 0 TD
0.1235 Tc
8.1781 Tw
(Use of Various Parameters for Attaining QoS in IPv6)Tj
360.75 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
0 Tw
(-)Tj
5.25 0 TD
0.1828 Tc
0.14999 Tw
(based )Tj
-372 -10.5 TD
0.1413 Tc
15.5665 Tw
(Multimedia Internetworks", Nov. 15, 2001 available at)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
0 -12 TD
0.1922 Tc
0 Tw
(http://ipv6.bits)Tj
93 0 TD
0.33279 Tc
(-)Tj
6 0 TD
0.16611 Tc
(pilani.ac.in/ngni/)Tj
105 0 TD
/N13 9.4453 Tf
-0.1113 Tc
(.)Tj
1.5 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.1113 Tw
( )Tj
-205.5 -12.75 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
-17.25 -9 TD
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.1597 Tc
0.00639 Tw
(Rahul Banerjee )Tj
128.25 0 TD
0.14529 Tc
0.00459 Tw
( [Page 23])Tj
284.25 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-412.5 -12 TD
( )Tj
0 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
ET
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0 0 596 842 RC
BT
87.75 729 TD
0 0 0 rg
/N6 9.4453 Tf
0.15179 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Internet Draft A Modified Specification for use of the February 2002)Tj
412.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-342.75 -10.5 TD
0.1563 Tc
-0.02811 Tw
( IPv6 Flow Label for providing efficient )Tj
261.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-261.75 -11.25 TD
0.1245 Tc
0.1333 Tw
( Quality of Service using hybrid approach.)Tj
267.75 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-337.5 -10.5 TD
( )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
T*
0.1828 Tc
0 Tw
(Disclaimer)Tj
58.5 0 TD
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
( )Tj
-58.5 -11.25 TD
( )Tj
17.25 -11.25 TD
0.1624 Tc
2.1705 Tw
(The views and specificati)Tj
152.25 0 TD
0.075 Tc
2.1745 Tw
(on here are those of the authors and are )Tj
-152.25 -10.5 TD
0.1523 Tc
2.6351 Tw
(not necessarily those of their employers. The authors and their )Tj
0 -11.25 TD
0.14861 Tc
5.8092 Tw
(employers specifically disclaim responsibility for any problems)Tj
0 Tc
0.33279 Tw
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